Early Cervical Cancer Diagnosis with SWIN-Transformer and Convolutional Neural Networks.

Early diagnosis of cervical cancer at the precancerous stage is critical for effective treatment and improved patient outcomes. This study aims to explore the use of SWIN Transformer and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) hybrid models combined with transfer learning to classify precancerous colposcopy images. Out of 913 images from 200 cases obtained from the Colposcopy Image Bank of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, 898 met quality standards and were classified as normal, precancerous, or cancerous based on colposcopy and histopathological findings.

Cervical Cancer Stages, Human Papillomavirus Integration, and Malignant Genetic Mutations: Integrative Analysis of Datasets from Four Different Cohorts.

Cervical cancer represents a significant global health concern, stemming from persistent infections with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV). The understanding of cervical cancer's clinical correlates, risk factors, molecular mechanisms, stages, and associated genetic mutations is important for early detection and improved treatment strategies. Through integrated analysis of clinical and molecular datasets, this study aims to identify key factors that are overlapping and distinct across four cohorts of different races and regions.

Integrated analysis of proteomics, epigenomics and metabolomics data revealed divergent pathway activation patterns in the recent versus chronic post-traumatic stress disorder.

Metabolomics, proteomics and DNA methylome assays, when done in tandem from the same blood sample and analyzed together, offer an opportunity to evaluate the molecular basis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) course and pathogenesis. We performed separate metabolomics, proteomics, and DNA methylome assays on blood samples from two well-characterized cohorts of 159 active duty male participants with relatively recent onset PTSD (<1.5 years) and 300 male veterans with chronic PTSD (>7 years).

Potential roles of polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched diets in modulating social stress-like features.

Fish oil or its major constituents, namely omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acid (n3-PUFA), are popular supplements to improve neurogenesis, neuroprotection, and overall brain functions. Our objective was to probe the implications of fat enriched diet with variable PUFAs supplements in ameliorating social stress (SS). We fed mice on either of the three diet types, namely the n-3 PUFA-enriched diet (ERD, n3:n6= 7:1), a balanced diet (BLD, n3:n6= 1:1) or a standard lab diet (STD, n3:n6= 1:6).

Rare copy number variation in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heritable (h = 24-71%) psychiatric illness. Copy number variation (CNV) is a form of rare genetic variation that has been implicated in the etiology of psychiatric disorders, but no large-scale investigation of CNV in PTSD has been performed. We present an association study of CNV burden and PTSD symptoms in a sample of 114,383 participants (13,036 cases and 101,347 controls) of European ancestry.

Microdissection of Mouse Brain into Functionally and Anatomically Different Regions.

The brain is the command center for the mammalian nervous system and an organ with enormous structural complexity. Protected within the skull, the brain consists of an outer covering of grey matter over the hemispheres known as the cerebral cortex. Underneath this layer reside many other specialized structures that are essential for multiple phenomenon important for existence.

Epigenetic biotypes of post-traumatic stress disorder in war-zone exposed veteran and active duty males.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heterogeneous condition evidenced by the absence of objective physiological measurements applicable to all who meet the criteria for the disorder as well as divergent responses to treatments. This study capitalized on biological diversity observed within the PTSD group observed following epigenome-wide analysis of a well-characterized Discovery cohort (N = 166) consisting of 83 male combat exposed veterans with PTSD, and 83 combat veterans without PTSD in order to identify patterns that might distinguish subtypes. Computational analysis of DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles identified two PTSD biotypes within the PTSD+ group, G1 and G2, associated with 34 clinical features that are associated with PTSD and PTSD comorbidities.

Multi-omic biomarker identification and validation for diagnosing warzone-related post-traumatic stress disorder.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) impacts many veterans and active duty soldiers, but diagnosis can be problematic due to biases in self-disclosure of symptoms, stigma within military populations, and limitations identifying those at risk. Prior studies suggest that PTSD may be a systemic illness, affecting not just the brain, but the entire body. Therefore, disease signals likely span multiple biological domains, including genes, proteins, cells, tissues, and organism-level physiological changes.

Molecular alterations induced by Yersinia pestis, dengue virus and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B under severe stress.

Background: Severe stress can have drastic and systemic effects with dire implications on the health and wellbeing of exposed individuals. Particularly, the effect of stress on the immune response to infection is of interest to public health because of its implications for vaccine efficacy and treatment strategies during stressful scenarios. Severe stress has previously been shown to cause an anergic state in the immune system that persists following exposure to a potent mitogen.

Dyspigmented hypertrophic scars: Beyond skin color.

Although pigment synthesis is well understood, relevant mechanisms of psychologically debilitating dyspigmentation in nascent tissue after cutaneous injuries are still unknown. Here, differences in genomic transcription of hyper- and hypopigmented tissue relative to uninjured skin were investigated using a red Duroc swine scar model. Transcription profiles differed based on pigmentation phenotypes with a trend of more upregulation or downregulation in hyper- or hypopigmented scars, respectively.

Metabolomic analyses reveal lipid abnormalities and hepatic dysfunction in non-human primate model for Yersinia pestis.

Introduction: Pneumonic plague is caused by the aerosolized form of Yersinia pestis and is a highly virulent infection with complex clinical consequences, and without treatment, the fatality rate approaches 100%. The exact mechanisms of disease progression are unclear, with limited work done using metabolite profiling to study disease progression.

Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to profile the plasma metabolomics in an animal model of Y.

The responses of lungs and adjacent lymph nodes in responding to Yersinia pestis infection: A transcriptomic study using a non-human primate model.

Initiation of treatment during the pre-symptomatic phase of Yersinia pestis (Y. pestis) infection is particularly critical. The rapid proliferation of Y.

Key Cell Functions are Modulated by Compression in an Animal Model of Hypertrophic Scar.

Introduction: The value of compression studies and applications in hypertrophic scar (HTS) treatment is often undermined due to the lack of ideal controls, patient compliance, and clear action mechanisms.

Objective: This study assesses the genome-wide compression effects on scars under well-controlled conditions.

Materials And Methods: An automated pressure delivery system (APDS) applied controlled doses of pressure to scars in a red Duroc swine HTS model.

Altered fecal microbiota composition in all male aggressor-exposed rodent model simulating features of post-traumatic stress disorder.

The bidirectional role of gut-brain axis that integrates the gut and central nervous system activities has recently been investigated. We studied "cage-within-cage resident-intruder" all-male model, where subject male mice (C57BL/6J) are exposed to aggressor mice (SJL albino), and gut microbiota-derived metabolites were identified in plasma after 10 days of exposure. We assessed 16S ribosomal RNA gene from fecal samples collected daily from these mice during the 10-day study.

Whole-genome DNA methylation status associated with clinical PTSD measures of OIF/OEF veterans.

Emerging knowledge suggests that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) pathophysiology is linked to the patients' epigenetic changes, but comprehensive studies examining genome-wide methylation have not been performed. In this study, we examined genome-wide DNA methylation in peripheral whole blood in combat veterans with and without PTSD to ascertain differentially methylated probes. Discovery was initially made in a training sample comprising 48 male Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) veterans with PTSD and 51 age/ethnicity/gender-matched combat-exposed PTSD-negative controls.

Molecular indicators of stress-induced neuroinflammation in a mouse model simulating features of post-traumatic stress disorder.

A social-stress mouse model was used to simulate features of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The model involved exposure of an intruder (male C57BL/6) mouse to a resident aggressor (male SJL) mouse for 5 or 10 consecutive days. Transcriptome changes in brain regions (hippocampus, amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex and hemibrain), blood and spleen as well as epigenome changes in the hemibrain were assayed after 1- and 10-day intervals following the 5-day trauma or after 1- and 42-day intervals following the 10-day trauma.

Contributions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on cerebral neurobiology: an integrated omics approach with epigenomic focus.

The epigenetic landscape is vulnerable to diets. Here, we investigated the influence of different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) dietary supplements on rodents' nervous system development and functions and potential consequences to neurodegenerative disorders. Our previous nutrigenomics study showed significant impact of high n-3 PUFA-enriched diet (ERD) on synaptogenesis and various neuromodulators.

Temporal Progression of Pneumonic Plague in Blood of Nonhuman Primate: A Transcriptomic Analysis.

Early identification of impending illness during widespread exposure to a pathogenic agent offers a potential means to initiate treatment during a timeframe when it would be most likely to be effective and has the potential to identify novel therapeutic strategies. The latter could be critical, especially as antibiotic resistance is becoming widespread. In order to examine pre-symptomatic illness, African green monkeys were challenged intranasally with aerosolized Yersinia pestis strain CO92 and blood samples were collected in short intervals from 45 m till 42 h post-exposure.

Gene and stress history interplay in emergence of PTSD-like features.

Systematically distinguishing genetic liability from other contributing factors is critical for designing a preventive strategy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To address this issue, we investigated a murine model exposing C57BL/6j, DBA/2j and BALB/cj mice to repeated stress via exposure to conspecific aggressors (Agg-E). Naïve mice from each strain were subjected to the proximity of aggressor (Agg) mice for 6h using a 'cage-within-a-cage' paradigm, which was repeated for 5 or 10 days with intermittent and unpredictable direct contact with Agg mice.

Stress-caused anergy of leukocytes towards Staphylococcal enterotoxin B and exposure transcriptome signatures.

Leucocytes from soldiers exposed to battlefield-like stress (RASP: Rangers Assessment and Selection Program) were exposed in vitro to Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). We assayed SEB-induced regulation of gene expression, both in the presence and absence of severe stress, to generate two sets of gene profiles. One set of transcripts and microRNAs were specific to post-RASP SEB exposure, and another set were signatures of SEB exposure common to both the pre- and post-RASP leucocytes.

Brain transcriptome profiles in mouse model simulating features of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Background: Social-stress mouse model, based on the resident-intruder paradigm was used to simulate features of human post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The model involved exposure of an intruder (subject) mouse to a resident aggressor mouse followed by exposure to trauma reminders with rest periods. C57BL/6 mice exposed to SJL aggressor mice exhibited behaviors suggested as PTSD-in-mouse phenotypes: intermittent freezing, reduced locomotion, avoidance of the aggressor-associated cue and apparent startled jumping.