Diagnostic delay among symptomatic breast cancer patients: a study in Sudanese women.

Background: Early diagnosis of breast cancer is essential for effective treatment and improved survival rates. A longer gap between the appearance of symptoms and the initiation of therapy results in advanced disease and lower survival.Objectives: to assess factors associated with diagnosis delay among Sudanese women with breast cancer.

HEP-Net opinion on the management of ascites and its complications in the setting of decompensated cirrhosis in the resource constrained environment of Pakistan.

Approximately one half of patients develop ascites within 10 years of diagnosis of compensated cirrhosis. It is a poor prognostic indicator, with only 50% surviving beyond two years. Mortality worsens significantly to 20% to 50% at one year if the ascites becomes refractory to medical therapy.

A proactive approach to assess safety level of urban bus stops.

Road safety has emerged as a global concern, and bus stops are the major points of concern as they act as interfaces where pedestrians interact with transit vehicles. In order to achieve a safe and sustainable infrastructure at bus stops, it is necessary to assess safety level of bus stops and suggest safety improvement measures. The present work aims to investigate whether design and management deficiencies of bus stops have any effect on safety of passengers and pedestrians.