Quantitative analysis of diaphragm motion during fluoroscopic sniff test to assist in diagnosis of hemidiaphragm paralysis.

The current imaging gold standard for detecting paradoxical diaphragm motion and diagnosing hemidiaphragm paralysis is to perform the fluoroscopic sniff test. The images are visually examined by an experienced radiologist, and if one hemidiaphragm ascends while the other descends, then it is described as paradoxical motion, which is highly suggestive of hemidiaphragm paralysis. However, diagnosis can be challenging because diaphragm motion during sniffing is fast, paradoxical motion can be subtle, and the analysis is based on a 2-dimensional projection of a 3-dimensional surface.

Urachal adenocarcinoma: a rare case report.

Urachal carcinoma is a rare and aggressive form of bladder cancer involving the urachus, a fibrous remnant of the allantois that extends from the bladder to the umbilicus. We report this case of a 49-year-old women with primary urachal adenocarcinoma treated with partial cystectomy who relapsed 5 years after surgery with lung metastases. This patient with unremarkable medical history presented with abdominal discomfort and a palpable pelvic mass.

Plasmocytoma presented as pancreatic head mass.

Multiple myeloma is a malignant tumour characterized by proliferation of a single clone of plasma cells, this cell line will produce large amount of ineffective immunoglobulins that are ineffective at fighting infection resulting in immunosuppression. These are medullary tumours most of the time; however, in rare cases they may arise extra medullary. The incidence of extramedullary plasmocytoma is about 5% and they arise in the chest most of the time; but they can also arise in other body systems like gastrointestinal system, which is involved in 10% of the time.

False positive computed tomographic angiography for Stanford type A aortic dissection.

Background: Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) has emerged as the defacto imaging test to rule out acute aortic dissection; however, it is not without flaws. We report a case of a false-positive CTA with respect to Stanford Type A aortic dissection.

Case: A 52 year-old male presented with sudden onset shortness of breath.

Optimal Placement of Cerebral Oximeter Monitors to Avoid the Frontal Sinus as Determined by Computed Tomography.

Objective: To determine the optimal location to place cerebral oximeter optodes to avoid the frontal sinus, using the orbit of the skull as a landmark.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Setting: Academic hospital.