The cost of keeping warm: a relationship between a rise in the cost of domestic energy and burn injuries caused by personal heating equipment.

Introduction: During 2022-2023, the UK found itself in the midst of a domestic energy crisis, with the average domestic gas and electricity bill rising by 75% between 2019 and 2022. As a result, the use of hot water bottles, radiant heaters, and electric blankets increased. An unintended consequence of this may be an increase in burn injuries caused by misfortune, misuse, or the use of items in a state of disrepair.

Survival and Toxicity Following Chemoradiation for Carcinoma of the Cervix - Impact of Multiple-phase Treatment and Shielding.

Aim: We report on outcomes and significant grade 3-4 late toxicities between January 1999 and October 2006 following introduction of multi-phase treatment and effect of shielding in treatment of cervical cancer with concurrent chemoradiation.

Patients And Methods: Radiotherapy dose by phase, recurrence, survival and toxicity data was collated by a retrospective review of clinical notes. Shielding information was retrieved from original planning films.

Pyrrolidinones derived from (S)-pyroglutamic acid: penmacric acid and analogues.

Alkylation reactions using alpha-halolactams or lactam enolates derived from bicyclic lactam templates can proceed with high endo- or exo- diastereoselectivity respectively. In the latter case, stereochemical correction by means of enolate generation and hindered phenol quench is possible with moderate efficiency. This protocol has been applied to the synthesis of protected penmacric acid and its analogues.