Deep learning ResNet34 model-assisted diagnosis of sickle cell disease microcolumn isoelectric focusing.

Traditional methods for sickle cell disease (SCD) screening can be inaccurate and misleading, and the early and accurate diagnosis of SCD is crucial for effective management and treatment. Although microcolumn isoelectric focusing (mIEF) is effective, the hemoglobinopathies must be accurately identified, wherein skilled personnel are required to analyse the bands in mIEF. Further automating and standardizing the diagnostic methods AI to identify abnormal Hbs would be a useful endeavor.

A high stable sample loading for analysis of adult alpha-thalassemia via the improved microarray isoelectric focusing of Hb species.

The isoelectric focusing has realized various improvements, including the protocols and creation of mIEF (microcolumn isoelectric focusing) instruments with excellent sensitivity for screening of diabetes and beta thalassemia. However, the problem of manual sample loading and hydration for the mIEF limits the operational capacity for stably detecting and quantitating most abnormal hemoglobin (Hb). Herein, we provided a high stable sample loading protocol for analysis of alpha thalassemia and Hb variants.

Healthcare workers' knowledge and risk perception regarding the first wave of COVID-19 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: an online cross-sectional survey.

Background: Increased COVID-19 transmission among the populace may be caused by healthcare workers (HCWs) who lack knowledge, awareness, and good preventive practices. Additionally, it may cause elevated stress levels, anxiety, poor medical judgement, and situational overestimation.

Objectives: The present survey aimed to assess knowledge and risk perception regarding COVID-19 among HCWs in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.

Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity potential of organoselenium compounds in human leukocytes .

In the current work, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of different organoselenium compounds were examined using Trypan blue exclusion and alkaline comet assays with silver staining respectively. Leukocytes were subjected to a 3-hour incubation with organoselenium compounds at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 75 μM, or with the control vehicle (DMSO), at a temperature of 37 °C. The viability of the cells was evaluated using the Trypan blue exclusion method, while DNA damage was analyzed through the alkaline comet assay with silver staining.

Diagnosis and screening of abnormal hemoglobins.

Hemoglobin (Hb) abnormalities, such as thalassemia and structural Hb variants, are among the most prevalent inherited diseases and are associated with significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. However, there were not comprehensive reviews focusing on different clinical analytical techniques, research methods and artificial intelligence (AI) used in clinical screening and research on hemoglobinopathies. Hence the review offers a comprehensive summary of recent advancements and breakthroughs in the detection of aberrant Hbs, research methods and AI uses as well as the present restrictions anddifficulties in hemoglobinopathies.

Marker-Free Isoelectric Focusing Patterns for Identification of Meat Samples via Deep Learning.

Isoelectric focusing (IEF) is a powerful tool for resolving complex protein samples, which generates IEF patterns consisting of multiplex analyte bands. However, the interpretation of IEF patterns requires the careful selection of isoelectric point (pI) markers for profiling the pH gradient and a trivial process of pI labeling, resulting in low IEF efficiency. Here, we for the first time proposed a marker-free IEF method for the efficient and accurate classification of IEF patterns by using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model.

Analyses of oxidative DNA damage among coal vendors via single cell gel electrophoresis and quantification of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine.

Looking at the development status of Nigeria and other developing nations, most low-income and rural households often use coal as a source of energy which necessitates its trade very close to the communities. Moreover, the effects of exposure to coal mining activities are rarely explored or yet to be studied, not to mention the numerous street coal vendors in Nigeria. This study investigated the oxidative stress levels in serum and urine through the biomarker 8-OHdG and DNA damage via single cell gel electrophoresis (alkaline comet assay).

Chimeric vaccine design against the epidemic Langya Henipavirus using immunoinformatics and validation via immune simulation approaches.

In July 2022, a new virus called Langya virus (LayV) was discovered in China in patients who had a fever. This virus is a type of Henipavirus (HNV) and is considered a potential threat as it could spread from animals to humans. It causes respiratory disease with symptoms including fever, coughing, and fatigue and is closely linked to two other henipaviruses that are known to infect humans, namely and viruses.

Point of care testing (POCT) of cholesterol in blood serum a moving reaction boundary electrophoresis titration chip.

Cholesterol (CHO) in human blood is one of the most frequently and crucially quantified substances in diagnostic laboratories. However, visual and portable point of care testing (POCT) methods have been rarely developed for the bioassay of CHO in blood samples. Here, we developed an electrophoresis titration (ET) model, a chip device of ∼60 grams, and a quantification method for the POCT of CHO in blood serum based on a moving reaction boundary (MRB).

Structural basis for the mechanism of interaction of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.640.2 variant RBD with the host receptors hACE2 and GRP78.

The inflicted chaos instigated by the SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) globally continues with the emergence of novel variants. The current global outbreak is aggravated by the manifestation of novel variants, which affect the effectiveness of the vaccine, attachment with hACE2 (human Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) and immune evasion. Recently, a new variant named University Hospital Institute (IHU) (B.

Frequency of neuropathic pain and its effects on rehabilitation outcomes, balance function and quality of life among people with traumatic spinal cord injury.

Background & Objectives: Traumatic Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that results in life long disability. Impairments associated with traumatic SCI such as sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunctions lead to an array of secondary SCI-specific complications. Neuropathic pain is one of the most common medical complications of traumatic SCI which significantly affects motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) in people with traumatic SCI.

Anticancer properties of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds against breast cancer: a review on recent investigations.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common and recurring diseases and the second leading cause of death in women. Despite prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutic options such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the number of occurrences increases every year. Therefore, novel therapeutic drugs targeting specifically different checkpoints should be developed against breast cancer.

Purification of low-abundance lysozyme in egg white via free-flow electrophoresis with gel-filtration chromatography.

As an effective separation tool, free-flow electrophoresis has not been used for purification of low-abundance protein in complex sample matrix. Herein, lysozyme in complex egg white matrix was chosen as the model protein for demonstrating the purification of low-content peptide via an FFE coupled with gel fitration chromatography (GFC). The crude lysozyme in egg while was first separated via free-flow zone electrophoresis (FFZE).

Identification of chicken meat quality via rapid array isoelectric focusing with extraction of hemoglobin and myoglobin in meat sample.

Isoelectric focusing (IEF) has been used for determination of meat quality with high stability analysis. However, it still suffered from time-consuming, laborious and cost-effective performances, e.g.

Trunk Posture Exposure Patterns among Prairie Ranch and Grain Farmers.

: Low back disorders (LBD) are the most common musculoskeletal disorder among farmers, and awkward trunk postures such as repetitive bending are often cited as a contributor. However, it is not clear whether trends of increasing mechanization in agriculture may be impacting the requirement for trunk-intensive tasks. This study compared the patterns of working trunk posture among prairie farmers during both machine-intensive and non-intensive work days.

Facile, Rapid, and Low-Cost Electrophoresis Titration of Thrombin by Aptamer-Linked Magnetic Nanoparticles and a Redox Boundary Chip.

An aptamer-linked assay of a target biomarker (e.g., thrombin) is facing the challenges of long-term run, complex performance, and expensive instrument, unfitting clinical diagnosis in resource-limited areas.

A facile isoelectric focusing of myoglobin and hemoglobin used as markers for screening of chicken meat quality in China.

A novel analytical protocol was developed for general quality screening of chicken meat based on IEF and protein extraction. To demonstrate the developed protocol, 24 chickens were divided into three groups; each had eight chickens. The chickens in Group 1 were slaughtered by exsanguination, Group 2 asphyxiated in water, and that in Group 3 were infected by new castle disease virus.

Facile Counting of Ligands Capped on Nanoparticles via a Titration Chip of Moving Reaction Boundary Electrophoresis.

Absolute quantification of ligand capped on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) has faced a great challenge without the use of complex inner standards (CIS). Herein, we proposed a facile electrophoresis titration (ET) model, designed an ET device, and developed a relevant method for counting the ligand on NPs without the use of CIS, based on moving reaction boundary (MRB). Furthermore, we conducted the relevant ET runs by using 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and quantum dots (QDs) as the model ligand and NPs, respectively.

Acute oral toxicity and antioxidant studies of an amine-based diselenide.

Background: Organochalcogen compounds have attracted the interest of a multitude of studies for their promising Pharmacological and biological activities. The antioxidant activity and acute toxicity of an organoselenium compound, 1-(2-(2-(2-(1-aminoethyl)phenyl)diselanyl)phenyl)ethanamine (APDP) was determined in mice.

Methods: Mice were randomly divided into four groups, with each group comprising of seven animals.

Double inner standard plot model of an electrophoresis titration chip for a portable and green assay of protein content in milk.

High portability and environmental safety ("green") are two of the most important objectives pursued by microfluidic methods. However, there remain many challenges for the design of portable and visual microfluidic methods (e.g.

The association between awkward working posture and low back disorders in farmers: a systematic review.

Background: Low back disorders (LBD) are the most common musculoskeletal problem among farmers, with higher prevalence than other occupations. Although studies of the general population have shown an association between LBD and awkward working posture, farmers have unique work context and exposures that may modify this relationship. This review aimed to 1) identify published research studies investigating posture as a risk factor for LBD in farmers/agricultural workers, and 2) determine the strength of the relationship between postural exposure and LBD risk of bias assessment.

Optimization of GC/TOF MS analysis conditions for assessing host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions: Chinese rhubarb alters fecal aromatic amino acids and phenol metabolism.

In this paper, an optimized method based on gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) platform has been developed for the analysis of gut microbial-host related co-metabolites in fecal samples. The optimization was performed with proportion of chloroform (C), methanol (M) and water (W) for the extraction of specific metabolic pathways of interest. Loading Bi-plots from the PLS regression model revealed that high concentration of chloroform emphasized the extraction of short chain fatty acids and TCA intermediates, while the higher concentration of methanol emphasized indole and phenyl derivatives.

Molecular detection of Isoniazid, Rifampin and Ethambutol resistance to M. tuberculosis and M. bovis in multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients in Pakistan.

The various aspects of MDR-TB, type of pathogen, different drug sensitive methods and mutation (s) in specific genes were determined. The histone-like protein (hupB) gene of M. tuberculosis was targeted by using primer sets: N & S and M & S (produced 645 bp & 318 bp fragment respectively).