Hydrogeochemistry and prediction of arsenic contamination in groundwater of Vehari, Pakistan: comparison of artificial neural network, random forest and logistic regression models.

Arsenic contamination in the groundwater occurs in various parts of the world due to anthropogenic and natural sources, adversely affecting human health and ecosystems. The current study intends to examine the groundwater hydrogeochemistry containing elevated arsenic (As), predict As levels in groundwater, and determine the aptness of groundwater for drinking in the Vehari district, Pakistan. Four hundred groundwater samples from the study region were collected for physiochemical analysis.

E. coli phage transport in porous media: Response to colloid types and water saturation.

Because of its long survival time, high migration ability and high pathogenicity, the migration of the virus in the subsurface environment deserves in-depth exploration and research. In this study we investigated the migration behavior of E. coli phage (VI) with organic colloids (HA) or inorganic colloids (SiO) in the saturated or unsaturated bands and compared the differences in their migration mechanisms.

Characterizing indigenous plant growth promoting bacteria and their synergistic effects with organic and chemical fertilizers on wheat ().

The excessive use of chemical fertilizers is deteriorating both the environment and soil, making it a big challenge faced by sustainable agriculture. To assist the efforts for the solution of this burning issue, nine different potential native strains of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) namely, SA-1(, SA-5 (,SA-7(), BH-1(), BH-7(), BH-8(), BA-3(), BA-6(), and BA-7() were isolated that were characterized morphologically, biochemically and molecularly on the basis of 16S rRNA sequencing. Furthermore, the capability of indigenous PGPB in wheat (, Chakwal-50) under control, DAP+FYM, SA, BH, BA, DAP+ FYM + SA, DAP+FYM+ BH and DAP+FYM+ BA treatments was assessed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD).

Assessment of landcover impacts on the groundwater quality using hydrogeochemical and geospatial techniques.

Groundwater quality is influenced by urbanization and land use land cover (LULC) changes. This study investigated their impact on groundwater quality in Quetta City, Pakistan, from 2015 to 2021. About 58 groundwater samples from monitoring wells were analyzed using hydrogeochemical and statistical methods.

Groundwater fluoride and nitrate contamination and associated human health risk assessment in South Punjab, Pakistan.

Consumption of high fluoride (F) and nitrate (NO) containing water may pose serious health hazards. One hundred sixty-one groundwater samples were collected from drinking wells in Khushab district, Punjab Province, Pakistan, to determine the causes of elevated F and NO concentrations, and to estimate the human health risks posed by groundwater contamination. The results showed pH of the groundwater samples ranged from slightly neutral to alkaline, and Na and HCO ions dominated the groundwater.

Migration risk of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in unsaturated porous media in response to different colloid types and compositions.

The vadose zone is a critical zone for microbial entry into the subsurface environment, and various types of inorganic and organic colloids can affect the migration of pathogenic bacteria. In the study, we explored the migration behavior of Escherichia coli O157:H7 with humic acids (HA), iron oxides (FeO) or their mixture, uncovering their migration mechanisms in the vadose zone. The effect of complex colloids on the physiological properties of E.

Health Risk Assessment during In Situ Remediation of Cr(VI)-Contaminated Groundwater by Permeable Reactive Barriers: A Field-Scale Study.

The presence of residual Cr(VI) in soils causes groundwater contamination in aquifers, affecting the health of exposed populations. Initially, permeable reactive barriers(PRB) effectively removed Cr(VI) from groundwater. However, as PRB clogging increased and Cr(VI) was released from upstream soils, the contamination plume continued to spread downstream.