Stable and Efficient PtRu Electrocatalysts Supported on Zn-BTC MOF Derived Microporous Carbon for Formic Acid Fuel Cells Application.

Highly efficient, well-dispersed PtRu alloy nanoparticles supported on high surface area microporous carbon (MPC) electrocatalysts, are prepared and tested for formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR). The MPC is obtained by controlled carbonization of a zinc-benzenetricarboxylate metal-organic framework (Zn-BTC MOF) precursor at 950°C, and PtRu (30 wt.%) nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared and deposited a polyol chemical reduction method.

2,3,3',6-Tetra-O-acetyl-4,1',6'-trichloro-4,1',4',6'-tetradeoxygalactosucrose.

At 160 K, one of the Cl atoms in the furanoid moiety of 3-O-acetyl-1,6-dichloro-1,4,6-trideoxy-beta-D-fructofuranosyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-chloro-4-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, C(20)H(27)Cl(3)O(11), is disordered over two orientations, which differ by a rotation of about 107 degrees about the parent C-C bond. The conformation of the core of the molecule is very similar to that of 3-O-acetyl-1,4,6-trichloro-1,4,6-trideoxy-beta-D-tagatofuranosyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-chloro-4-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, particularly with regard to the conformation about the glycosidic linkage.

4,1',6'-Trichloro-4,1',6'-trideoxysucrose monohydrate.

At 160 K, the glucopyranosyl ring in 1,6-dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-beta-D-fructofuranosyl 4-chloro-4-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside monohydrate, C(12)H(19)Cl(3)O(8).H(2)O, has a near ideal (4)C(1) chair conformation, while the fructofuranosyl ring has a (4)T(3) conformation. The conformation of the sugar molecule is quite different to that of sucralose, particularly in the conformation about the glycosidic linkage, which affects the observed pattern of intramolecular hydrogen bonds.

Two halodeoxy sucrose analogues.

At 160 K, the structure of 4-bromo-4-deoxysucrose, C(12)H(21)BrO(10), is very similar to that of sucrose, particularly with respect to the conformation of the glycosidic linkage. As in sucrose, an intramolecular hydrogen bond exists between the glucopyranosyl and the fructofuranosyl rings. Conversely, the structure of 1',6'-dibromo-4-fluoro-4,1',6'-trideoxysucrose monohydrate, C(12)H(19)Br(2)FO(8) x H(2)O, shows large conformational differences when compared with the structures of both sucrose and sucralose.