Genetic diversity and infectivity analysis of tomato yellow leaf curl virus Oman and its associated betasatellite.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus-Oman (TYLCV-OM),  a variant of the Tomato yellow leaf curl virus-Iran (TYLCV-IR) strain, was identified in 2005 as the cause of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) in Oman and is  associated with a betasatellite namely as Tomato leaf curl betasatellite (ToLCB). Surveys were carried out from three diverse Governorates of Oman to investigate the correlation between the betasatellite and the virus. The visual assessment and scoring of infected tomato plants in the field revealed that the association of betasatellite with the disease was highest in Sharqia at 77%, followed by Dakhlia at41% and lowest in Batinah at30% .

Evaluating the safety and effectiveness of tolvaptan in patients with heart failure and renal impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Patients with heart failure and concomitant renal impairment are often prescribed loop diuretics, such as furosemide, as the primary treatment. The present meta-analysis is focused on analyzing the safety and efficacy of the implementation of tolvaptan as a novel approach in patients with renal impairment and heart failure.

Methods: Two reviewers conducted a screening of articles using online databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase.

Role of hypothetical protein PA1-LRP in antibacterial activity of endolysin from a new phage PA1.

Introduction: has emerged as a significant plant pathogen affecting various crops worldwide, causing substantial economic losses. Bacteriophages and their endolysins offer promising alternatives for controlling bacterial infections, addressing the growing concerns of antibiotic resistance.

Methods: This study isolated and characterized the phage PA1 and investigated the role of PA1-LRP in directly damaging bacteria and assisting endolysin PA1-Lys in cell lysis, comparing its effect to exogenous transmembrane domains following the identification and analysis of the PA1-Lys and the PA1-LRP based on whole genome analysis of phage PA1.

Advancements in Bacteriophages for the Fire Blight Pathogen .

, the causative agent of fire blight, causes significant economic losses for farmers worldwide by inflicting severe damage to the production and quality of plants in the Rosaceae family. Historically, fire blight control has primarily relied on the application of copper compounds and antibiotics, such as streptomycin. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and growing environmental concerns have highlighted the need for alternative control methods.

Regulatory mechanism of C4-dicarboxylates in cyclo (Phe-Pro) production.

Cyclo (Phe-Pro) (cFP), a cyclic dipeptide with notable antifungal, antibacterial, and antiviral properties, shows great promise for biological control of plant diseases. Produced as a byproduct by non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS), the regulatory mechanism of cFP biosynthesis remains unclear. In a screening test of 997 Tn5 mutants of Burkholderia seminalis strain R456, we identified eight mutants with enhanced antagonistic effects against Fusarium graminearum (Fg).

Recent advances in nano-enabled immunomodulation for enhancing plant resilience against phytopathogens.

Plant diseases caused by microbial pathogens pose a severe threat to global food security. Although genetic modifications can improve plant resistance; however, environmentally sustainable strategies are needed to manage plant diseases. Nano-enabled immunomodulation involves using engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) to modulate the innate immune system of plants and enhance their resilience against pathogens.

A Complex Case of Obstructive Jaundice in a Septuagenarian: Diagnostic Challenges and Therapeutic Strategies.

Obstructive jaundice occurs when an obstruction in the bile duct system prevents bile from flowing from the liver into the intestine, accumulating bilirubin in the blood. This condition can result from various causes, including gallstones, tumors, or inflammation of the bile ducts. The management of obstructive jaundice depends on the underlying cause (malignant obstructions such as cholangiocarcinoma or pancreatic cancer), indicating the need for surgical intervention.

Salt-Tolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (ST-PGPB): An Effective Strategy for Sustainable Food Production.

Soil is the backbone of the agricultural economy of any country. Soil salinity refers to the higher concentration of soluble salts in the soil. Soil salinity is a ruinous abiotic stress that has emerged as a threatening issue for food security.

The Combined Use of Cinnamaldehyde and Vitamin C Is Beneficial for Better Carcass Character and Intestinal Health of Broilers.

The use of cinnamaldehyde and Vitamin C can improve immunity and intestinal health. A two-way factorial design was employed to investigate the main and interactive effects of cinnamaldehyde and vitamin C on the growth, carcass, and intestinal health of broiler chickens. A total of 288 one-day-old female Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly distributed among four treatment groups, consisting of six replicate cages with 12 birds each.

identification of papaya genome-encoded microRNAs to target begomovirus genes in papaya leaf curl disease.

Papaya leaf curl disease (PaLCuD) is widespread and classified in the genus (), disseminated by the vector whitefly . RNA interference (RNAi)-based antiviral innate immunity stands as a pivotal defense mechanism and biological process in limiting viral genomes to manage plant diseases. The current study aims to identify and analyze locus-derived capa-microRNAs with predicted potential for targeting divergent begomovirus species-encoded mRNAs using a 'four integrative algorithms' approach.

Research in methodologies for modelling the oral cavity.

The paper aims to explore the current state of understanding surrounding in silico oral modelling. This involves exploring methodologies, technologies and approaches pertaining to the modelling of the whole oral cavity; both internally and externally visible structures that may be relevant or appropriate to oral actions. Such a model could be referred to as a 'complete model' which includes consideration of a full set of facial features (i.

Plant-soil feedback and plant invasion: effect of soil conditioning on native and invasive species using the plant functional trait approach.

Introduction: Invasive species have been identified as a major threat to native biodiversity and ecosystem functioning worldwide due to their superiority in spread and growth. Such superiority is explained by the invasional meltdown phenomena, which suggests that invasive species facilitate the establishment of more invasive species rather than native species by modifying the plant-soil feedback (PSF).

Methods: We conducted a two-phase plant-soil feedback experiment using the native Prosopis cineraria and the invasive Prosopis juliflora in Oman.

Molecular Signature of a Novel Alternanthera Yellow Vein Virus Variant Infecting the Weed in Oman.

Alternanthera yellow vein virus (AlYVV), a monopartite , has been identified infecting a diverse range of crops and native plants in Pakistan, India, and China. However, distinctive yellow vein symptoms, characteristic of infection, were observed on the weed in Oman, prompting a thorough genomic characterization in this study. The results unveiled a complete genome sequence of 2745 base pairs and an associated betasatellite spanning 1345 base pairs.

Probing the potential of salinity-tolerant endophytic bacteria to improve the growth of mungbean [ (L.) Wilczek].

Soil salinity is one of the major limiting factors in plant growth regulation. Salinity-tolerant endophytic bacteria (STEB) can be used to alleviate the negative effects of salinity and promote plant growth. In this study, thirteen endophytic bacteria were isolated from mungbean roots and tested for NaCl salt-tolerance up to 4%.

The Comparative Effects of Supplementing Protease Combined with Carbohydrase Enzymes on the Performance and Egg n-3 Deposition of Laying Hens Fed with Corn-Flaxseed or Wheat-Flaxseed Diets.

Flaxseed contains huge quantities of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs), which reduce the performance of livestock. Three different protease and multi-carbohydrase enzymes were included in wheat-flaxseed diets (WFD) and corn-flaxseed diets (CFD) to compare their effects on performance, egg n-3 deposition, and fatty acid transporter genes in laying hens. A total of 540, twenty-week-old, Nongda-3 laying hens (DW brown × Hy-line white) were randomly assigned to six dietary groups, including 10% WFD or 10% CFD plus (i) supplemental enzyme A (alkaline protease 40,000 and neutral protease 10,000 (U/g)), (ii) enzyme B (alkaline protease 40,000, neutral protease 10,000, and cellulase 4000 (U/g)), or iii) enzyme C (neutral protease 10,000, xylanase 35,000, β-mannanase 1500, β-glucanase 2000, cellulose 500, amylase 100, and pectinase 10,000 (U/g)).

An Insight into Emerging Begomoviruses and their Satellite Complex causing Papaya Leaf Curl Disease.

Papaya leaf curl disease (PaLCD) was primarily detected in India and causes major economic damage to agriculture crops grown globally, seriously threatening food security. Begomoviruses are communicated by the vector , and their transmission efficiency and persistence in the vector are the highest, exhibiting the widest host range due to adaptation and evolution. Symptoms induced during PaLCD include leaf curl, leaf yellowing, interveinal chlorosis, and reduced fruit quality and yield.

Phytogenic Antioxidants Prolong n-3 Fatty Acid-Enriched Eggs' Shelf Life by Activating the Nrf-2 Pathway through Phosphorylation of MAPK.

Helpful for human health, omega-3 (n-3)-enriched eggs are preferred by consumers. However, antioxidants should be added to the hen's diet to prevent n-3 fatty acid oxidation due to their unsaturated bonds. A study was designed to investigate the effects of different antioxidants on performance, egg quality, fatty acid profile, oxidation parameters, gene expression, and magnum morphology.

Nanobiotechnology in crop stress management: an overview of novel applications.

Agricultural crops are subject to a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses that adversely affect growth and reduce the yield of crop plantss. Traditional crop stress management approaches are not capable of fulfilling the food demand of the human population which is projected to reach 10 billion by 2050. Nanobiotechnology is the application of nanotechnology in biological fields and has emerged as a sustainable approach to enhancing agricultural productivity by alleviating various plant stresses.

Recent Trends and Advancements in CRISPR-Based Tools for Enhancing Resistance against Plant Pathogens.

Targeted genome editing technologies are becoming the most important and widely used genetic tools in studies of phytopathology. The "clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)" and its accompanying proteins (Cas) have been first identified as a natural system associated with the adaptive immunity of prokaryotes that have been successfully used in various genome-editing techniques because of its flexibility, simplicity, and high efficiency in recent years. In this review, we have provided a general idea about different CRISPR/Cas systems and their uses in phytopathology.

Artificial microRNA-mediated resistance against Oman strain of tomato yellow leaf curl virus.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a global spreading begomovirus that is exerting a major restraint on global tomato production. In this transgenic approach, an RNA interference (RNAi)-based construct consisting of sequences of an artificial microRNA (amiRNA), a group of small RNA molecules necessary for plant cell development, signal transduction, and stimulus to biotic and abiotic disease was engineered targeting the AC1/Rep gene of the Oman strain of TYLCV-OM. The Rep-amiRNA constructs presented an effective approach in regulating the expression of the Rep gene against TYLCV as a silencing target to create transgenic L.

Native and Non-Native NAFME Haplotypes Can Be Implicated in Dispersal of Endemic and Introduced Begomoviruses in Oman.

Irrigated agriculture and global trade expansion have facilitated diversification and spread of begomoviruses (), transmitted by the (Gennadius) cryptic species. Oman is situated on major crossroads between Africa and South Asia, where endemic/native and introduced/exotic begomoviruses occur in agroecosystems. The 'B mitotype' belongs to the North Africa-Middle East (NAFME) cryptic species, comprising at least eight endemic haplotypes, of which haplotypes 6 and/or 8 are recognized invasives.

Bioinspired Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Three Plant Extracts and Their Antibacterial Activity against Rice Bacterial Leaf Blight Pathogen pv. .

Rice bacterial leaf blight caused by pv. (Xoo) is responsible for a significant reduction in rice production. Due to the small impact on the environment, biogenic nanomaterials are regarded as a new type of antibacterial agent.