Aquatic microplastics research in the ASEAN region: Analysis of challenges and priorities.

Research on microplastics must be harmonized. Therefore, we thoroughly evaluated in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region, addressing challenges and priorities in protocol harmonization and microplastics research promotion. Of the 615 papers searched by the Web of Science, 164 were used for this systematic review.

Estimation of bottom microplastic flux in the Indonesian seas.

Marine debris, particularly microplastics, is an important environmental problem for Indonesia, impacting vast coastline and diverse marine ecosystems. However, little is known about the microplastics flux to the seafloor in the Indonesian Seas. This study employs HYCOM data and Lagrangian particle tracking model to analyze the distribution of microplastics flux to the seafloor from 68 rivers in Indonesia.

From riverbank to the sea: An initial assessment of plastic pollution along the Ciliwung River, Indonesia.

This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of anthropogenic debris on the riverbanks of the Ciliwung River, covering upstream to downstream areas. The mean of debris found in each measurement was 32.79 ± 15.

Creation of an international laboratory network towards global microplastics monitoring harmonisation.

Infrastructure is often a limiting factor in microplastics research impacting the production of scientific outputs and monitoring data. International projects are therefore required to promote collaboration and development of national and regional scientific hubs. The Commonwealth Litter Programme and the Ocean Country Partnership Programme were developed to support Global South countries to take actions on plastics entering the oceans.

Accumulation of Cd and Pb in sediments and Asian swamp eels (Monopterus albus) from downstream area of Cisadane River, Indonesia.

This study examined the presence of two heavy metals (Cd and Pb) in the sediments and Asian swamp eels (Monopterus albus) in the downstream area of Cisadane River. The average concentrations of Cd and Pb in the sediments from all sampling locations were 0.594 ± 0.

Spatial and temporal trends of microplastic contamination in surface sediment of Benoa Bay: An urban estuary in Bali-Indonesia.

This study aims to explore microplastic contamination in the sediments of Benoa Bay. Eight locations were sampled, with four duplications denoting the rainy and dry seasons. Based on observations, the microplastic concentration varied from 9.

Abundance and characterization of microplastic pollution in the wildlife reserve, Ramsar site, recreational areas, and national park in northern Jakarta and Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia.

This is the first study to evaluate the presence and distribution of microplastics in sediments in the regions with a unique degree of complexity, such as wildlife reserve areas, a Ramsar site that connects directly to Greater Jakarta's mainland, recreational islands, and a marine national park. Microplastics of varying sizes and shapes are found in all places, with an increase trend in the abundance toward areas near to the epicenter of human activity. Comparatively to other marine protected areas, the amount of microplastics discovered is comparable; however, there is an upward trend.

Land-derived litter load to the Indian Ocean: a case study in the Cimandiri River, southern West Java, Indonesia.

The first study related to the characteristics of the riverine litter was carried out at the mouth of the Cimandiri River in the southern West Java to provide a national database, as mandated in the Indonesian Presidential Regulation 83/2018 concerning the handling of marine debris. We examined floating riverine litter entering the South Java Sea at Cimandiri River outlets four times between December 2020 and October 2021 using a Thomsea 1 T trawl-net. The amount of litter collected tended to rise throughout the sampling period.

Microplastics leaving a trace in mangrove sediments ever since they were first manufactured: A study from Indonesia mangroves.

Mangrove environments have been well recognized as marine litter traps. However, it is unclear whether mangrove sediments sink microplastics more effectively than other marine sediments due to active sedimentation. Furthermore, microplastics archives in mangrove sediments may provide quantitative data on the impact of human activities on environmental pollution throughout history.

Microplastic contamination in the digestive tract of sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) in Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia.

The accumulation of microplastics on sediment surfaces contributed to the digestive tract of sea urchins contamination during foraging. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between the accumulation of microplastics on sediment surfaces and the contamination of sea urchins' digestive tracts during their foraging activities. Sediment and sea urchins' samples were collected from Pari and Harapan Islands, in Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia.

The contribution of estuaries to the abundance of microplastics in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia.

Rivers are one of the main pollution routes to the ocean. This study examines the source of microplastics (MPs) in Jakarta Bay based on their characteristics and estimates MPs emissions from 9 estuaries around Jakarta Bay in 3 administrative areas (Tangerang, North Jakarta, and Bekasi). The sample used was the water's surface taken using a round net.

Spatio-temporal variation and seasonal dynamics of stranded beach anthropogenic debris on Indonesian beach from the results of nationwide monitoring.

The first stranded macrodebris study on a national scale in Indonesia was conducted on 18 beaches from February 2018 to December 2019. The average weight and abundance of beach debris were higher between October and February (rainy season). The highest stranded macrodebris was located in Ambon, Manado, Takalar, and Padang.

Seasonal heterogeneity and a link to precipitation in the release of microplastic during COVID-19 outbreak from the Greater Jakarta area to Jakarta Bay, Indonesia.

To reduce microplastic contamination in the environment, we need to better understand its sources and transit, especially from land to sea. This study examines microplastic contamination in Jakarta's nine river outlets. Microplastics were found in all sampling intervals and areas, ranging from 4.

Spatiotemporal macro debris and microplastic variations linked to domestic waste and textile industry in the supercritical Citarum River, Indonesia.

Rivers are the key conduits for land-to-sea debris transport. We present in situ monitoring data of macro debris and microplastic along the supercritical Citarum River in Indonesia We identified the dams as concentrated areas of microplastic. Plastics accounted for 85% of the riverine debris (5369 ± 2320 items or 0.

The deposition of atmospheric microplastics in Jakarta-Indonesia: The coastal urban area.

The air pollution in Jakarta has been recorded regularly; meanwhile, the information of atmospheric microplastics is still unknown. This study examines the characteristics (shape, size, and polymer) and deposition rate of atmospheric microplastics in Jakarta. The sample was obtained by putting a rain gauge for 12 months.

The occurrence and abundance of microplastics in surface water of the midstream and downstream of the Cisadane River, Indonesia.

This study investigates microplastic contamination in the midstream to downstream of the Cisadane River and its confluence with the Java Sea. The abundance ranged between 13.33 and 113.

Microplastic ingestion by the sandfish Holothuria scabra in Lampung and Sumbawa, Indonesia.

This study investigated the abundances and characteristics of microplastics in sediments and sandfish (Holothuria scabra) in Lampung and Sumbawa, Indonesia. Microplastics were found in 89.02% of all sandfish samples, with an average abundance of 2.

Pathways of floating marine debris in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia.

Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia with a high population density, which affects the amount of waste generated. The waste that ends up in Jakarta Bay has become an environmental problem. Understanding the pathway of marine debris in the ocean is important to identify the mitigation strategies.

Spatial and temporal distribution of microplastic in surface water of tropical estuary: Case study in Benoa Bay, Bali, Indonesia.

In 2010, Indonesia estimated as the second-largest country in the world that donates plastic to the sea. This study aims to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of microplastics in tropical estuaries. The sampling was carried out in Benoa Bay with four repetitions representing the wet and dry seasons.

Micro- and mesoplastics release from the Indonesian municipal solid waste landfill leachate to the aquatic environment: Case study in Galuga Landfill Area, Indonesia.

Small-sized plastic debris (micro- and mesoplastics) are emerging pollutants and widely detected in aquatic environments. However, micro- and mesoplastics pollution research with regard to landfills is limited. In this study, the occurrence, characteristics, and possible release of micro- and mesoplastic waste from the Galuga landfill leachate to the aquatic environment were studied.

Characterization of microplastics in mangrove sediment of Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve, Indonesia.

An investigation of microplastic abundance and its characteristics was conducted in Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve, a relic mangrove forest in the Jakarta metropolitan, to contribute to marine microplastics' national data inventory. Microplastics were found in all the stations, with an average of 28.09 ± 10.

Unprecedented plastic-made personal protective equipment (PPE) debris in river outlets into Jakarta Bay during COVID-19 pandemic.

Increased plastic uses during COVID-19 pandemic challenges efforts to reduce marine plastic debris. Despite recent observations of increased plastic-made personal protection equipment (PPE) waste in coastal areas, comparative data before and during the pandemic lacked. We present in situ monitoring data on riverine debris releases into Jakarta Bay, Indonesia, during COVID-19 pandemic relative to the 2016 baseline data.

A preliminary study on heavy metal pollutants chrome (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in sediments and beach morning glory vegetation (Ipomoea pes-caprae) from Dasun Estuary, Rembang, Indonesia.

This study aimed to assess the condition of the Dasun estuary, Indonesia, from the influence of heavy metals Cr, Cd, and Pb that accumulated in sediments and beach morning glory vegetation (Ipomoea pes-caprae). The results showed that the metal concentrations of Cr, Cd, and Pb in the sediments were 3.39-5.

Microplastics ingestion by blue panchax fish (Aplocheilus sp.) from Ciliwung Estuary, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Plastic pollution has a detrimental effect on marine environments, and there is limited information regarding its ingestion by biota, which is the primary consumer. Therefore, this research aims to assess microplastic ingestion by blue panchax fish (Aplocheilus sp.).

Concentration and adsorption of Pb and Cu in microplastics: Case study in aquatic environment.

Microplastics are proven as heavy metals vector, but the adsorption mechanism still unclear. This study investigated the adsorption of Pb and Cu in microplastics in the Musi River and the environment effect. This study was conducted in 10 stations along the Musi River to the estuary.