Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Northwick park neck pain questionnaire to Urdu language.

Background: Despite its widespread use for assessing pain and disability in patients suffering from neck pain, the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) has yet to be translated and validated in Urdu. The purpose of the present study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the NPQ into Urdu language (NPQ-U), and to investigate the NPQ-U's psychometric properties in patients with non-specific neck pain (NSNP).

Methods: The NPQ was translated and cross-culturally adapted into Urdu in accordance with the previously described guidelines.

Translation and validation of the Urdu version of the neck pain and disability scale.

Purpose: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the neck pain and disability scale (NPDS) into Urdu language (NPDS-U), and to investigate the NPDS-U's psychometric properties in patients with non-specific neck pain (NSNP).

Methods: The NPDS was translated and cross-culturally adapted into Urdu in accordance with the previously described guidelines. The study included 200 NSNP patients and 50 healthy participants.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire into Urdu language.

Background: The Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ) has been translated and validated in a number of languages and has good psychometric properties for assessing neck pain. However, an Urdu translation is currently unavailable.

Purpose: To translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the NBQ into Urdu language (NBQ-U) in patients with nonspecific neck pain (NSNP).

Shoulder pain and functional disability in type 1 diabetic patients: A cross-sectional survey.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of shoulder pain and functional disability (SPFD) in Type-1 diabetic patients, and to explore its association with duration of the disease, age and gender.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out on previously diagnosed patients with Type-1 diabetes mellitus between April 2019 and March 2020. Data was collected from six hospitals including three tertiary care hospitals of Islamabad and Rawalpindi.

Frequency of wrist pain and its associated risk factors in students using mobile phones.

Objective: To assess the frequency of wrist pain in students due to mobile phone usage, and impact of usage hours and screen size of mobile phones on pain and disability at wrist joint.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students studying in different universities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi belonging to both public and private sectors. The study was conducted between May 2018 and March 2019.

The effects of neck mobilization in patients with chronic neck pain: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the effect of mobilization and routine physiotherapy on pain, disability, neck range of motion (ROM) and neck muscle endurance (NME) in patients having chronic mechanical neck pain (NP).

Methods: Sixty eight patients with chronic mechanical NP were randomly allocated into two groups by using a computer generated random sequence table with 34 patients in the multi-modal mobilization group and 34 patients in the routine physiotherapy group. Baseline values for pain, disability, NME, and neck ROM were recorded using visual analogue scale (VAS), neck disability index (NDI), neck flexor muscle endurance test and universal goniometer respectively, before the treatment.

Lower thoracic syndrome.

The role of thoracic spine related dysfunction in producing lower extremity symptoms is not clear. This case study describes the assessment and treatment of a patient with low back pain and bilateral lower extremity (BLE) symptoms. It was found that patient education about postural awareness and passive mobilization are valuable aids to decrease BLE symptoms due to sympathetic nervous system (SNS) dysfunction and lower thoracic hypomobility.

The prevalence of low back pain in Iranian dentists: An epidemiological study.

Objective: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common and prevalent work-related conditions. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors associated with LBP in dentists and to analyze the association between individual and occupational characteristics and LBP.

Methods: Following ethical approval, 300 dentists from Tehran Iran have voluntarily participated.

Urdu version of the neck disability index: a reliability and validity study.

Background: Despite the wide use of the neck disability index (NDI) for assessing disability in patients with neck pain, the NDI has not yet been translated and validated in Urdu. The first purpose of the present study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the NDI into the Urdu language (NDI-U). The second purpose was to investigate the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the NDI-U in Urdu-speaking patients experiencing chronic mechanical neck pain (CMNP).

Reliability of the universal goniometer for assessing active cervical range of motion in asymptomatic healthy persons.

Objective: To determine within-rater and between-rater reliability of the universal goniometer (UG) for measuring active cervical range of motion (ACROM) in asymptomatic healthy subjects.

Methods: Nineteen healthy subjects were tested in an identical seated position. Two raters used UG to measure active cervical movements of flexion, extension, right side flexion, left side flexion, right rotation and left rotation.