Publications by authors named "Muhammad Naeem Ashraf"

In this study, Raman spectroscopy is employed to analyze and characterize two salts (N-heterocyclic carbene) and their respective selenium N-heterocyclic carbene compounds. The features observed as differences among Raman spectral data of two different N-heterocyclic carbene salts are called Salt-I and Salt-II and their respective Se compounds, called Compound-I & Compound-II, are used to confirm the formation covalent bond between Se atom carbon atom of carbene. Enhancement in peak intensities and shifting of peak positions is directly related with compound formation.

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Hepatitis B is a contagious liver disorder caused by hepatitis B virus and if not treated at an early stage, it becomes chronic and results in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma which can even lead to death. In present study, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is employed for the analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of DNA extracted from hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients in comparison with healthy individuals. SERS spectral features are identified which are solely present in the HBV positive samples and consistently increase in intensities with increase in viral load which can be considered as a SERS spectral marker for HBV infection.

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Background: Raman spectroscopy is a promising technique to analyze the body fluids for the purpose of non-invasive disease diagnosis.

Objectives: To develop a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of HCV from blood samples.

Methods: SERS was employed to characterize the Hepatitis C viral RNA extracted from different blood samples of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients with predetermined viral loads in comparison with total RNA of healthy individuals.

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