Complex Fistula-in-Ano Extending From the Anal Canal to Mid-Thigh Treated With Combine Fistulectomy and Video-Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment (VAAFT): A Case Report.

An anal fistula is abnormal, chronic epithelial-lined communication between the anorectal lumen and the skin of the perineum or buttock. A complex fistula-in-ano is difficult to diagnose and treat; it requires careful approaches because of the high risk of complications and recurrences. We report a case of a 60-year-old male who presented with a discharging sinus on the posteromedial aspect of his left thigh for the past two years.

Modeling Spatio-temporal Malaria Risk Using Remote Sensing and Environmental Factors.

Background: Remote sensing have been intensively used across many disciplines, however, such information was limited in spatial epidemiology.

Methods: Two years (2009 & 2010) Landsat TM satellite data was used to develop vegetation, water bodies, air temperature and humidity criterion maps to model malaria risk and its spatiotemporal seasonal variation. The criterion maps were used in weighted overlay analysis to generate final categorized malaria risk map.