Silicon-mediated modulation of maize growth, metabolic responses, and antioxidant mechanisms under saline conditions.

Purpose: This study explored how exogenous silicon (Si) affects growth and salt resistance in maize.

Methods: The maize was cultivated in sand-filled pots, incorporating varied silicon and salt stress (NaCl) treatments. Silicon was applied at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 mM, and salt stress was induced using 0, 60 and120 mM concentrations.

Management of Isolated Radial Diaphyseal Fractures in the Paediatric Population.

Introduction Paediatric forearm fractures are common, but isolated radial diaphyseal fractures are rare, representing a small subset. Unlike fractures involving both the radius and ulna, these fractures lack well-established management guidelines. The potential for alignment loss during treatment underscores the need for specific protocols.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for chronic kidney disease: Why, when and when not.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant healthcare problem. More advanced stages are associated with increased mortality, morbidity and cost. Instigating measures to slow down disease progression at an early stage can save lives, and millions of dollars of taxpayers' money.

Use of carboxymethyl cellulose in polyurethane synthesis for thermal applications.

This research utilizes carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a renewable feedstock in polyurethane synthesis, offering improved thermal stability and potential for biomedical applications. In this study, a series of CMC-based polyurethanes was synthesized by using a step-growth polymerization reaction. The initial step involved the reaction of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) to prepare an isocyanate (-NCO) terminated prepolymer.

Understanding renal tubular acidosis.

Renal tubular acidosis is a group of disorders characterised by metabolic acidosis, hyperchloraemia, normal anion gap, and potassium imbalance. Genetic mutations, drugs or acquired disorders disrupt the function of various transport proteins and enzymes in the renal tubules, causing diminished bicarbonate reabsorption or inability to excrete hydrogen ions, leading to proximal (type 2) and distal (type 1) renal tubular acidosis, respectively. These conditions are typically associated with hypokalaemia, which, if severe, can cause muscle paralysis and dangerous cardiac arrhythmias.

A Literature Review of Cutibacterium Acnes: From Skin Commensal to Pathogen in Shoulder Surgery.

, previously known as , is a gram-positive rod in the pilosebaceous glands and commonly implicated in acne vulgaris. Its role in prosthetic joint infections, particularly in shoulder surgeries, has recently gained attention due to its prevalence around the shoulder girdle. This review collates evidence on the pathogenic role of in shoulder surgeries, discussing preventive measures, risk factors, clinical presentation, investigation, and treatment strategies.

Synthesis and optimization of molecular weight of chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose based polyurethanes.

For the first time in this research, using a mixture design approach, polyurethanes (PUs) based on chitosan (CSN) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were synthesized to develop a high molecular weight polymer. In the synthesis process, a reaction between isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene was carried out to synthesize a prepolymer containing free NCO groups at the corners. This prepolymer was further reacted with changing moles ratio of CSN and CMC following the principles of statistical mixture design.

Modulating alginate-polyurethane elastomer properties: Influence of NCO/OH ratio with aliphatic diisocyanate.

This research addresses the need for enhanced biomaterials by investigating the influence of the NCO/OH ratio on sodium alginate-based polyurethane elastomers(Al-PUEs), offering novel insights into their structural, thermal, mechanical and swelling behavior. Al-PUEs were prepared by blending the chain extenders with key ingredients in a specific molar ratio using aliphatic HMDI and HTPB monomers. The chemical linkages, crystalline behavior, homogeneity, and surface morphology of PUEs were evaluated by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and EDX analysis.

A handy way for forming N-doped TiO/carbon from pectin and d,l-serine hydrazide hydrochloride.

N-doped TiO/carbon composites (N-TiPC) have shown excellent photodegradation performances to the organic contaminants but are limited by the multistage preparation (i.e., preparation of porous carbon, preparation of N-doped TiO, and loading of N-doped TiO on porous carbon).

Longitudinal assessment of physical function in adults with X-linked hypophosphatemia following initiation of burosumab therapy.

Unlabelled: We assessed multiple components of muscle function in ten adults with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) receiving burosumab treatment. Lower limb power (+ 9%), short physical performance battery (SPPB) score (+ 1.2 points), and physical activity (+ 65%) increased following 6 months of treatment, and hand grip increased (+ 10%) between 6 and 12 months of treatment.

Transformative enhancement of cellulosic textile properties via metallic oxide deposition: Comprehensive analysis of structural, optical, and thermoelectric traits.

This novel research addresses the critical need for sustainable and efficient materials, aiming to enhance the optical and thermoelectric properties of Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (Al-doped ZnO) on cellulose fabric for diverse applications. At first stage, Cellulosic fabric of Al-doped ZnO were experimentally studied in detail with respect to varying levels of annealing temperature. Structural analysis unveiled structural evolution in hexagonal crystal formations with a reduction in particle size up to 27.

Following hip fracture, hospital organizational factors associated with prescription of anti-osteoporosis medication on discharge, to address imminent refracture risk: a record-linkage study.

Patients who sustain a hip fracture are known to be at imminent refracture risk. Their complex multidisciplinary rehabilitation needs to include falls prevention and anti-osteoporosis medication (AOM) to prevent such fractures. This study aimed to determine which hospital-level organizational factors predict prescription of post-hip fracture AOM and refracture risk.

Data collection on rare bone and mineral conditions in Europe: The landscape of registries and databases.

Background: knowledge on the natural history of rare diseases is necessary to improve outcomes. Disease registries may play a key role in covering these unmet needs in the rare bone and mineral community.

Objective: to map existing bone and mineral conditions registries in Europe and their characteristics.

Green-synthesized lignin nanoparticles enhance Zea mays resilience to salt stress by improving antioxidant metabolism and mitigating ultrastructural damage.

Soil salinity poses a substantial threat to agricultural productivity, resulting in far-reaching consequences. Green-synthesized lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as significant biopolymers which effectively promote sustainable crop production and enhance abiotic stress tolerance. However, the defensive role and underlying mechanisms of LNPs against salt stress in Zea mays remain unexplored.

Influence of brassinosteroid and silicon on growth, antioxidant enzymes, and metal uptake of leafy vegetables under wastewater irrigation.

Vegetable cultivation under sewage irrigation is a common practice mostly in developing countries due to a lack of freshwater. Long-term usage provokes heavy metals accumulation in soil and ultimately hinders the growth and physiology of crop plants and deteriorates the quality of food. A study was performed to investigate the role of brassinosteroid (BRs) and silicon (Si) on lettuce, spinach, and cabbage under lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) contaminated sewage water.

Exploring the synergistic effect of carboxymethyl cellulose and chitosan in enhancing thermal stability of polyurethanes through statistical mixture design approach.

The thermal stability of polyurethanes, known for its limitations, was addressed in this research by seeking improvement through the introduction of carbohydrate-based chain extenders. In this research paper, we systematically sought to improve the thermal resistance of polyurethanes by incorporating carboxymethyl cellulose and chitosan, representing a pioneering application of the mixture design approach in their preparation. In this synthesis, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were reacted to prepare -NCO terminated prepolymer, which was subsequently reacted with varying mole ratios of CMC and CSN to develop a series of five PU samples.

The synergistic potential of biochar and nanoparticles in phytoremediation and enhancing cadmium tolerance in plants.

Cadmium (Cd) is classified as a heavy metal (HM) and is found into the environment through both natural processes and intensified anthropogenic activities such as industrial operations, mining, disposal of metal-laden waste like batteries, as well as sludge disposal, excessive fertilizer application, and Cd-related product usage. This rising Cd disposal into the environment carries substantial risks to the food chain and human well-being. Inadequate regulatory measures have led to Cd bio-accumulation in plants, which is increasing in an alarming rate and further jeopardizing higher trophic organisms, including humans.

Development of lactic acid based chain extender and soybean oil-derived polyurethanes for ecofriendly sustained drug delivery systems.

In the present study, a range of sustainable, biocompatible and biodegradable polyurethanes (PU-1 to PU-4) were synthesized using different combinations of biobased polyol (obtained through the epoxidation of soybean oil, followed by ring opening with ethanol) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) and isophorone diisocyanate. The sustainable chain extender used in this study was synthesized by the esterification of lactic acid with ethylene glycol (EG). The synthesized PU samples were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR and C NMR) spectroscopy.

Effect of salinity stress and surfactant treatment with zinc and boron on morpho-physiological and biochemical indices of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum).

Micronutrient application has a crucial role in mitigating salinity stress in crop plants. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) as foliar applications on fenugreek growth and physiology under salt stress (0 and 120 mM). After 35 days of salt treatments, three levels of zinc (0, 50, and 100 ppm) and two levels of boron (0 and 2 ppm) were applied as a foliar application.