Chlorothalonil exposure compromised mouse oocyte in vitro maturation through inducing oxidative stress and activating MAPK pathway.

Chlorothalonil (CTL) is widely used in agricultural production and antifoulant additive globally due to its broad spectrum and non-systemic properties, resulting in its widespread existence in foods, soil and water. Extensive evidence demonstrated that exposure to CTL induced adverse effects on organisms and in particular its reproductive toxicity has been attracted public concern. However, the influences of CTL on oocyte maturation is mysterious so far.

Nasal immunization with AMH-INH-RFRP DNA vaccine for improving follicle development and fertility in buffaloes.

Introduction: Inhibin DNA vaccine has already been proven to improve the fertility of animals. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a novel Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)-Inhibin (INH)-RF-amide-related peptides (RFRP) DNA vaccine on immune response and reproductive performance in buffalo.

Methods: A total of 84 buffaloes were randomly divided into four groups and nasally immunized twice a day with 10 ml of either AMH-INH-RFRP DNA vaccines (3 × 10 CFU/ml in group T1, 3 × 10 CFU/ml in group T2, and 3 × 10 CFU/ml in group T3) or PBS (as a control) for 3 days, respectively.

Novel Insight into the Role of Squalene Epoxidase () Gene in Determining Milk Production Traits in Buffalo.

Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying milk production traits contribute to improving the production potential of dairy animals. Squalene epoxidase () is one of the rate-limiting enzymes for cholesterol biosynthesis and was highly expressed in the buffalo mammary. The objectives of the present study were to detect the polymorphisms within in buffalo, the genetic effects of these mutations on milk production traits, and to understand the gene regulatory effects on buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BuMECs).

Protective Effect and Mechanism of Melatonin on Cisplatin-Induced Ovarian Damage in Mice.

Chemotherapeutics' development has enhanced the survival rate of cancer patients; however, adverse effects of chemotherapeutics on ovarian functions cause fertility loss in female cancer patients. Cisplatin (CP), an important chemotherapeutic drug for treating solid tumors, has adversely affected ovarian function. Melatonin (MT) has been shown to have beneficial effects on ovarian function owing to its antioxidative function.

Bromoacetic acid impairs mouse oocyte in vitro maturation through affecting cytoskeleton architecture and epigenetic modification.

As a major public health achievement, disinfection of drinking water significantly decreases outbreaks of waterborne disease, but produces drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) unfortunately. The haloacetic acids (HAAs) including bromoacetic acid (BAA), the second major class of DBPs, are considered as a global public health concern. BAA has been identified as cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic in somatic cells.

Evolutionary analysis of buffalo sterol regulatory element-binding factor (SREBF) family genes and their affection on milk traits.

The sterol regulatory element-binding factor (SREBF) genes are a vital group of proteins binding to the sterol regulatory element 1 () regulating the synthesis of fatty acid. Two potential candidate genes ( and ) have been identified as affecting milk traits. This study aims to identify the SREBF family of genes and find candidate markers or SREBF genes influencing lactation production in buffalo.

Nutritional Modulation, Gut, and Omics Crosstalk in Ruminants.

Ruminant nutrition has significantly revolutionized a new and prodigious molecular approach in livestock sciences over the last decade. Wide-spectrum advances in DNA and RNA technologies and analysis have produced a wealth of data that have shifted the research threshold scheme to a more affluent level. Recently, the published literature has pointed out the nutrient roles in different cellular genomic alterations among different ruminant species, besides the interactions with other factors, such as age, type, and breed.

Relationship Between Somatic Cell Counts and Mammary Gland Parenchyma Ultrasonography in Buffaloes.

The aim of the present study was to determine whether the echotextural features of the mammary gland parenchyma in buffaloes during lactation at different somatic cell levels could be used to diagnose mastitis. This study was divided into two parts. In the first experiment, experimental buffaloes ( = 65) with somatic cell counts (SCC) tests ( = 94) in different seasons, including spring ( = 22), summer ( = 24), autumn ( = 37), and winter ( = 11), were used to obtain ultrasonic variables for each quarter of mammary gland that could best explain the corresponding somatic cell level.

Zinc pyrithione exposure compromises oocyte maturation through involving in spindle assembly and zinc accumulation.

Zinc Pyrithione (ZPT), a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved chemical, is widely used for topical antimicrobials and cosmetic consumer products, including anti-dandruff shampoos. ZPT and its degraded byproducts have detected in large quantities in the environment, and identified to pose healthy risks on aquatic organisms and human. However, so far, knowledge about ZPT effects on female reproduction, particularly oocyte maturation and quality, is limited.

Bisphenol F exposure affects mouse oocyte in vitro maturation through inducing oxidative stress and DNA damage.

Bisphenol F (BPF), a substitute for bisphenol A (BPA), is progressively used to manufacture various consumer products. Despite the established reproductive toxicity of BPF, the underlying mechanisms remain to elucidate. This in-vitro study deep in sighted the BPF toxicity on mouse oocyte meiotic maturation and quality.

WDR62 regulates mouse oocyte meiotic maturation related to p-JNK and H3K9 trimethylation.

WDR62 (WD40-repeat protein 62) participates in diverse biological process, especially mitotic spindle organization via regulating centriole biogenesis and the function of centriole-associated protein. However, the role of WDR62 exerts in spindle assembly and meiotic progression control in oocytes lacking typical centrosomes remains obscure. In a previous study, we reported that WDR62 is involved in spindle migration and asymmetric cytokinesis in mouse oocyte meiosis.

Cathepsin B Regulates Mice Granulosa Cells' Apoptosis and Proliferation In Vitro.

Cathepsin B (), a lysosomal cysteine protease's high expression and activity, has been reported to cause poor-quality embryos in porcine and bovine. Nevertheless, functions in mice granulosa cells remain to explore. To discuss the functional role in follicular dynamics, we studied apoptosis, proliferation, cell cycle progression, and related signaling pathways in primary mouse granulosa cells transfected with small interference RNA specific to (siCTSB) for 48 h.

Gossypol exposure induces mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress during mouse oocyte in vitro maturation.

Gossypol is a yellow natural polyphenolic compound extracted from the seeds, leaves, stems, and flower buds of the cotton plant. Several studies have shown that exposure to gossypol impacts reproductive health in both humans and animals. However, whether gossypol exposure would influence oocyte quality has not yet been determined.

Effect of exogenous administration of oxytocin on postpartum follicular dynamics, oestrous rate and ovulation in Nili-Ravi buffaloes.

Based on different surveys, dairy farmers are concerned about extensive use of exogenous oxytocin in buffaloes, which is being held responsible for reproductive problems including irregular oestrous cycle and delayed ovulation. For these concerns, effects of oxytocin injection on postpartum follicular dynamics, postpartum oestrous interval (PEI), oestrous length, the interval from onset of estrus to ovulation and blood progesterone (P4) were studied in Nili-Ravi buffaloes. For this purpose, 23 animals within 1 week after calving were randomly divided into three groups: without oxytocin (CON; n = 7), 10 i.

Genetic Features of Reproductive Traits in Bovine and Buffalo: Lessons From Bovine to Buffalo.

Bovine and buffalo are important livestock species that have contributed to human lives for more than 1000 years. Improving fertility is very important to reduce the cost of production. In the current review, we classified reproductive traits into three categories: ovulation, breeding, and calving related traits.

Postpartum Uterine Involution and Embryonic Development Pattern in Chinese Holstein Dairy Cows.

Understanding the postpartum uterine involution pattern and embryonic development could facilitate bovine reproduction management, improve reproductive efficiency, and diagnosis of the reproductive disorder, which would contribute to the success of the dairy business. This study aimed to investigate postpartum uterine involution and embryonic developmental patterns or postconceptional marks of embryonic fetal development in Chinese Holstein dairy cows using B-mode ultrasonography. The results revealed a significant decline in the involution period with an increase of parity and age.

Bisphenol B Exposure Disrupts Mouse Oocyte Meiotic Maturation Through Affecting Spindle Assembly and Chromosome Alignment.

Bisphenol B (BPB), a substitute of bisphenol A (BPA), is widely used in the polycarbonate plastic and resins production. However, BPB proved to be not a safe alternative to BPA, and as an endocrine disruptor, it can harm the health of humans and animals. In the present study, we explored the effects of BPB on mouse oocyte meiotic maturation .

Adaptive evolution of peptidoglycan recognition protein family regulates the innate signaling against microbial pathogens in vertebrates.

The innate immune system is the first line of defense in vertebrates against microbial pathogens. This defense system depends on the peptidoglycan pathogen recognition of receptors (PGRPs) existing in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Although some studies revealed the structural and functional differences between them, however, the evolutionary history and the selection pressures on these genes during adaptive evolution are poorly understood.

Triclocarban exposure affects mouse oocyte in vitro maturation through inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

Triclocarban (TCC), a broad-spectrum lipophilic antibacterial agent, is the main ingredient of personal and health care products. Nonetheless, its ubiquitous presence in the environment has been established to negatively affect the reproduction in humans and animals. In this work, we studied the possible toxic effects of TCC on mouse oocytes maturation in vitro.

Diethylstilbestrol exposure disrupts mouse oocyte meiotic maturation in vitro through affecting spindle assembly and chromosome alignment.

An adverse tendency induced by the environmental estrogens in female reproductive health is one serious problem worldwide. Diethylstilbestrol (DES), as a synthetic estrogen, is still used as an animal growth stimulant in terrestrial livestock and aquaculture illegally. It has been reported to negatively affect ovarian function and oogenesis.

Adaptive selection in the evolution of programmed cell death-1 and its ligands in vertebrates.

Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligands, particularly PD-L1 and PD-L2, are the most important proteins responsible for signaling T-cell inhibition and arbitrating immune homeostasis and tolerance mechanisms. However, the adaptive evolution of these genes is poorly understood. In this study, we aligned protein-coding genes from vertebrate species to evaluate positive selection constraints and evolution in the PD1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 genes conserved across up to 166 vertebrate species, with an average of 55 species per gene.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Regulatory Genes Related to Heat Tolerance in Holstein Dairy Cattle.

Heat stress affects the physiology and production performance of Chinese Holstein dairy cows. As such, the selection of heat tolerance in cows and elucidating its underlying mechanisms are vital to the dairy industry. This study aimed to investigate the heat tolerance associated genes and molecular mechanisms in Chinese Holstein dairy cows using a high-throughput sequencing approach and bioinformatics analysis.

Porcine antiviral activity is increased by CRISPRa-SAM system.

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat activation-synergistic activation mediator system (CRISPRa-SAM) has been efficiently used to up-regulate the targeted genes in human and mouse. But it is not known whether the CRISPRa-SAM system can be used against porcine disease because its two important transcriptional activation domains (P65 and heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1)) are from mouse and human, respectively. Pig is one of the most important meat sources, porcine viral infectious diseases cause massive economic losses to the swine industry and threaten the public health.

Doxorubicin Exposure Affects Oocyte Meiotic Maturation through DNA Damage-Induced Meiotic Arrest.

Developments in chemotherapeutics have enhanced the survival rate of cancer patients, however, adverse effects of chemotherapeutics on ovarian functions causes the fertility loss in young female cancer patients. Doxorubicin (DOX), as an anthracycline antitumor antibiotic, is extensively used to cure various malignancies. Recent studies have suggested that DOX can cause ovarian damage and affect the oocyte maturation, nevertheless the mechanism by which DOX on oocytes meiosis is poorly understood.

Evolutionary Analysis of Makorin Ring Finger Protein 3 Reveals Positive Selection in Mammals.

Makorin ring finger proteins (MKRNs) are part the of ubiquitin-proteasome system; a complex system important for cell functions. Ubiquitin fate through proteolytic, non-proteolytic pathways varies, depending on covalent linkage between ubiquitin and protein substrates. Makorin ring finger protein 3 is an integral part of covalent linkage of ubiquitin to protein substrates.