Deciphering supramolecular arrangements, micellization patterns, and antimicrobial potential of bacterial rhamnolipids under extreme treatments of temperature and electrolyte.

The micellization properties of rhamnolipids (RLs) in extreme electrolyte concentrations and temperatures have gained considerable attention due to their broad industrial applications. In this study, the aggregation behavior, specifically the micellization pattern (critical micelle concentration (CMC)) of RLs produced from a newly isolated thermophilic strain of from a harsh environment of an oil field, was investigated by a spectrophotometric method at various temperatures (293-393 K) and electrolyte concentrations (NaCl: 2-20%). The result indicated that the values (0.

Molecular characterization of Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) in sheep and goats and risk factors associated with it in selected districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan.

Background: Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is an economically significant transboundary viral disease of sheep and goats caused by the PPRV virus, affecting annual losses of 1.45-2.10 billion US dollars globally.

Correction: Mansoor et al. Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles with a Novel Biogenic Process for Dental Application. 2022, , 1078.

In the original publication [...

Online teaching experience of the healthcare faculty during the pandemic: A cross sectional analysis.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic had disrupted the teaching in most of the educational institutes worldwide. It has tested the readiness of educational institutes in their ability to deal with crisis.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the perception of health sciences faculty toward online education during the period of pandemic in Pakistan.

Performance evaluation of gravity-driven bioreactor (GDB) for simultaneous treatment of black liquor and domestic wastewater.

A lab-scale gravity-driven bioreactor (GDB) was designed and constructed to evaluate the simultaneous treatment of black liquor and domestic wastewater. The GDB was operated with a mixture of black liquor and domestic wastewater at a ratio of 1:1 and maintained at an average organic loading rate of 1235 mg-COD/L-Day. The wastewater was fed to the primary sedimentation tank at a flow rate of approximately 12 mL/min and subsequently passed through serially connected anaerobic and aerobic chambers with the same flow rate.

Recent biological applications of heterocyclic hybrids containing -triazine scaffold.

-Triazine possesses an auspicious status in the field of drug discovery and development owing to its presence in many naturally occurring compounds as well as commercially available drugs like enasidenib, gedatolisib, bimiralisib, atrazine, indaziflam, and triaziflam. Easy, cost-effective, and efficient access to its derivatives in addition to their splendid biological activities such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticonvulsant, anti-tubercular, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, makes it an attractive heterocyclic nucleus in the field of medicinal chemistry. Other than the direct access of its derivatives from simple commercially available starting materials like amidine, the -triazine derivatives have also been obtained starting from an inexpensive commercially available 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (TCT) commonly known as cyanuric chloride.

Multivalent design of the monoclonal SynO2 antibody improves binding strength to soluble α-Synuclein aggregates.

Soluble aggregates are reported to be the most neurotoxic species of α-Synuclein (αSyn) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and hence are a promising target for diagnosis and treatment of PD. However, the predominantly intracellular location of αSyn limits its accessibility, especially for antibody-based molecules and prompts the need for exceptionally strong soluble αSyn aggregate binders to enhance their sensitivity and efficacy for targeting the extracellular αSyn pool. In this study, we have created the multivalent antibodies TetraSynO2 and HexaSynO2, derived from the αSyn oligomer-specific antibody SynO2, to increase avidity binding to soluble αSyn aggregate species through more binding sites in close proximity.

Synthesis and characterization of nanobiochar from rice husk biochar for the removal of safranin and malachite green from water.

Xenobiotic pollution in environment is a potential risk to marine life, and human health. Nanobiotechnology is an advanced and emerging solution for the removal of environmental pollutants. Adsorption-based technologies are being used to alleviate the global prevalence of xenobiotics like dyes, due to their high efficacy and cost effectiveness.

Patterns of acute poisoning- Five year study from National Poison Control Centre, Karachi, Pakistan.

Objective: To identify patterns in cases of acute toxicity reported at an urban poison control centre.

Methods: The cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted at the National Poison Control Centre, Karachi, and comprised data from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021. Data was collected from the institutional database which is part of the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi.

A Data-Driven Approach for Building the Profile of Water Storage Capacity of Soils.

The soil water storage capacity is critical for soil management as it drives crop production, soil carbon sequestration, and soil quality and health. It depends on soil textural class, depth, land-use and soil management practices; therefore, the complexity strongly limits its estimation on a large scale with conventional-process-based approaches. In this paper, a machine learning approach is proposed to build the profile of the soil water storage capacity.

The effect of organics transformation and migration on pore structure of bituminous coal and lignite during biomethane production.

Biomethane generation by coal degradation not only can increase coalbed methane (CBM) reserves, namely, microbially enhanced coalbed methane (MECBM), but also has a significant effect on the pore structure of coal which is the key factor in CBM extraction. The transformation and migration of organics in coal are essential to pore development under the action of microorganisms. Here, the biodegradation of bituminous coal and lignite to produce methane and the cultivation with inhibition of methanogenic activity by 2-bromoethanesulfonate (BES) were performed to analyze the effect of biodegradation on coal pore development by determining the changes of the pore structure and the organics in culture solution and coal.

Corrigendum: Contaminants from a former Croatian coal sludge dictate the structure of microbiota in the estuarine (Raša Bay) sediment and soil.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.

Contaminants from a former Croatian coal sludge dictate the structure of microbiota in the estuarine (Raša Bay) sediment and soil.

Introduction: Croatian superhigh-organic-sulfur Raša coal had been mined for nearly 400 years. The release of hazardous trace elements (HTEs) and toxic organic pollutants (TOPs) into the local environment by coal mining, preparation, and combustion activities has resulted in pollution.

Methods: In this study, the diversity and composition of microbial communities in estuarine sediment and soil samples as well as community function responses to the pollutants were investigated.

Assessment of the dibenzothiophene desulfurization potential of indigenously isolated bacterial consortium IQMJ-5: a different approach to safeguard the environment.

Biodesulfurization is emerging as a valuable technology for the desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its alkylated substitutes, which are otherwise regarded as refractory to other physical and chemical desulfurizing techniques. The inability of the currently identified pure cultures and artificial microbial consortia due to lower desulfurization rate and product inhibition issues has compelled the researcher to look for an alternative solution. Thus, in the present study, an indigenously isolated microbial consortium was employed to tackle the desulfurization issue.

A review on influence of biochar amendment on soil processes and environmental remediation.

Biochar is the thermal degradation product of biomass generated in an oxygen-limited environment under different pyrolysis conditions. Biochar characteristics are functions of the feedstock material and pyrolysis temperature. Depending on pyrolysis conditions biochar concentrates varying quantities of recalcitrant and labile carbon along with nutrients which in turn affect soil physiochemical properties and microbial processes.

Trust, performance and level of happiness of healthcare employees in the presence of authentic leadership.

Background: Authentic leadership (AL) is an interesting topic in the organizational behavior literature that has attracted the attention of researchers since the last decade.

Objectives: This research examines the employee-centered aspect among AL, trust, happiness at work and individual performance through a sequential mediating approach.

Method: Data was collected from 435 healthcare professionals working in various hospitals in Pakistan.

Response of mixed bacterial culture towards dibenzothiophene desulfurization under the influence of surfactants and microscopically (SEM and TEM) characterized magnetic Fe O nanoparticles.

Excessive emission of sulfur dioxides from the combustion of coal and other fossil fuels for thermal and industrial purposes has been associated with serious environmental hazards. Biodesulfisation (BDS) can be an effective approach for reducing the impact of toxic gases to its inbuilt operational feasibility under ambient environmental conditions. In the present research, two strategies for BDS of a standard organosulfur compound such as dibenzothiophene (DBT) were investigated under laboratory conditions.

Optimizing biocatalytic potential of Dipodascus australiensis M-2 for degrading lignin under laboratory conditions.

In present research, a potent fungal strain was isolated from paper mill effluent (black liquor) in order to investigate its potential for the biodegradation of lignin. Two step strategy was used to screen most efficient fungal strain having ability to growin MSM-black liquor medium and to degrade alkali lignin.The results of initial screening indicated that the strain M-2 produced comparatively higher ligninolytic zone on MSN agar plates supplemented with black liquor (BL) and alkali ligninase compared to the other isolates.

Enhancing Biomethane Production From Lignite by an Anaerobic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Degrading Fungal Flora Enriched From Produced Water.

The coal-degrading ability of microorganisms is essential for the formation of biogenic coalbed methane. The ability to degrade the aromatic compound of coal is more important because it is perceived as the main refractory component for bioconversion. In this paper, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degrading fungal community (PF) was enriched from produced water using phenanthrene as sole carbon source.

A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo Controlled Trial of Clazakizumab for the Treatment of COVID-19 Pneumonia With Hyperinflammation.

Objectives: We designed this study to test whether clazakizumab, a direct interleukin-6 inhibitor, benefits patients hospitalized with severe or critical COVID-19 disease accompanied by hyperinflammation.

Design: Multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, seamless phase II/III trial.

Setting: Five U.

Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles with a Novel Biogenic Process for Dental Application.

The prevalence of dental caries has been largely consonant over time despite the enhancement in dental technologies. This study aims to produce novel GIC restorative material by incorporating TiO nanoparticles synthesized by for the treatment of dental caries. The TiO nanoparticles were prepared by inoculating a fresh culture of into a nutrient broth for 24 h, which was then characterized by XRD, DRS, FTIR, AFM, SEM, TEM and EDX.

Demonstrating the Potential of a Low-Cost Soil Moisture Sensor Network.

Soil moisture is a key parameter of the climate system as it relates to plant transpiration and photosynthesis and impacts land-atmosphere interactions. Recent developments have seen an increasing number of electromagnetic sensors available commercially (EM) for soil volumetric water content (θ). Their use is constantly expanding, and they are becoming increasingly used for agricultural, ecological, and geotechnical applications and climate research, providing decision support and high-resolution data for models and machine-learning algorithms.

Colorimetric Detection of Organophosphate Pesticides Based on Acetylcholinesterase and Cysteamine Capped Gold Nanoparticles as Nanozyme.

Organophosphates (OPs) are neurotoxic agents also used as pesticides that can permanently block the active site of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE). A robust and sensitive detection system of OPs utilising the enzyme mimic potential of the cysteamine capped gold nanoparticles (C-AuNPs) was developed. The detection assay was performed by stepwise addition of AChE, parathion ethyl (PE)-a candidate OP, acetylcholine chloride (ACh), C-AuNPs, and 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the buffer solution.

Methane Generation from Anthracite by Fungi and Methanogen Mixed Flora Enriched from Produced Water Associated with the Qinshui Basin in China.

Biogenic coalbed methane (CBM) is generally believed to be formed by anaerobic bacteria and methanogens, while a few studies took fungi into account. Here, the microflora consisting of fungi and methanogens was enriched from the produced water associated with the Qinshui Basin using anthracite as the only carbon source. The maximum methane yield of 231 μmol/g coal was obtained after 22 days of cultivation under the optimum temperature of 35 °C, pH of 8, salinity of 0-2%, particle size of 0.