Intraoperative ketamine and pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) reduces postoperative discomfort and expedites recovery compared to open thoracotomy. Effective postoperative pain management is crucial to enhance recovery and reduce complications. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, has shown promise, though its efficacy in VATS remains uncertain.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Intra-articular Infiltration of Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroids in the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Comparative Study.

Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic and progressive disease of the knee joint characterized by articular cartilage destruction. It is the most common cause of knee disability and pain globally. Various treatments are used for the management of KOA; however, the role of intra-articular injections in KOA management in Pakistan remains understudied.

Incidence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Association With Microalbuminuria in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). VD deficiency and its associated factors are understudied in Pakistan. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of VD deficiency and its association with microalbuminuria in patients with T2DM.

N-Doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) as fluorescent probes for detection of UV induced DNA damage.

UV induced DNA damage can lead to the development of skin cancer, skin aging and cell death. In this study, we fabricated a fluorescence-based biosensor that can be applied to the detection of DNA damage caused by UV radiation with the help of nitrogen doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) as the probe material. In this paper, N-GQDs with good fluorescence efficiency have been synthesized by the hydrothermal method and were used as a fluorescent probe for the detection of UV damaged DNA.