Exploring use of a commercial passive sampler in a closed static chamber to measure ammonia volatilization.

Studies have indicated that up to 47% of total N fertilizer applied in flooded rice fields may be lost to the atmosphere through NH volatilization. The volatilized NH represents monetary loss and contributes to increase in formation of PM in the atmosphere, eutrophication in surface water, and degrades water and soil quality. The NH is also a precursor to NO formation.