Risk of Microvascular Complications in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients Using Automated Machine Learning Prediction Models.

In type 2 diabetes (T2D), collective damage to the eyes, kidneys, and peripheral nerves constitutes microvascular complications, which significantly affect patients' quality of life. This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the risk of microvascular complications in newly diagnosed T2D patients in Dubai, UAE. Supervised automated machine learning in the Auto-Classifier model of the IBM SPSS Modeler package was used to predict microvascular complications in a training data set of 348 long-term T2D patients with complications using 24 independent variables as predictors and complications as targets.

Assessing the potential of nano-formulated chlorfenapyr and clothianidin insecticides-treated sugar baits against Anopheles funestus, Anopeles coluzzii and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes.

Mosquitoes serve as vectors for various diseases like malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and lymphatic filarial diseases causing significant global health problems, highlighting the importance of vector control. The study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of nanoformulated clothianidin and chlorfenapyr insecticides treated with ATSB in controlling three mosquito strains. The development of a natural thiolated polymer-coated ATSB nano formulation involved incorporating nano-carriers to deliver insecticides.

Etiologies underlying subtypes of long-standing type 2 diabetes.

Background: Attempts to subtype, type 2 diabetes (T2D) have mostly focused on newly diagnosed European patients. In this study, our aim was to subtype T2D in a non-white Emirati ethnic population with long-standing disease, using unsupervised soft clustering, based on etiological determinants.

Methods: The Auto Cluster model in the IBM SPSS Modeler was used to cluster data from 348 Emirati patients with long-standing T2D.

Synthesis, In Vitro Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling of Benzimidazole-Based Pyrrole/Piperidine Hybrids Derivatives as Potential Anti-Alzheimer Agents.

Benzimidazole-based pyrrole/piperidine analogs (-) were synthesized and then screened for their acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities. All the analogs showed good to moderate cholinesterase activities. Synthesized compounds (-) were screened in cholinesterase enzyme inhibition assays and showed AChE activities in the range of IC = 19.

Functionalization of niobium nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles with ethanolic extracts of Mentha arvensis.

Titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles have gained significant attention due to their wide-ranging applications. This research explores an approach to functionalize Niobium Nitrogen Titanium Dioxide nanoparticles (Nb-N-TiO NPs) with Mentha arvensis ethanolic leaf extracts. This functionalization allows doped NPs to interact with the bioactive compounds in extracts, synergizing their antioxidant activity.

Institutional experience on the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1) on glycemic control and weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes at the Dubai Diabetes Center, United Arab Emirates.

Aims: To describe the effect of three classes of GLP1 analogues on HbA1c and weight over one year in a homogenous group of patients at the Dubai Diabetes Center in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The specific objectives are to study the extent of change in HbA1c and weight loss on these medications as well as the sustainability of change over one year.

Methods: A retrospective audit of patients diagnosed Type 2 diabetes receiving one of the three following GLP-1 agonists (Exenatide LA 2 mg weekly, liraglutide 1.

Memory T-Waves: An Uncharted Territory in T-Wave Inversions.

T-wave inversions on electrocardiograms (ECGs) can present a diagnostic challenge due to their association with various underlying causes. One less-explored cause is memory T-waves, a phenomenon characterized by T-wave inversions, often seen in chest and inferior leads, following a period of abnormal ventricular conduction. In this case report, we discuss the intriguing case of an 80-year-old woman who recently underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for a myocardial infarction and subsequently developed memory T-waves.

Noninvasive, MultiOmic, and Multicompartmental Biomarkers of Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review.

Background And Aims: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that may complicate conditions such as obstructive airway disease. Our group has identified predictive biomarkers of GERD in particulate exposed first responders with obstructive airway disease. In addition, GERD diagnosis and treatment is costly and invasive.

Correction: Podury et al. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Particulate Matter Exposure: A Systematic Review. 2023, , 538.

In the original publication [...

Organ-on-Chip: Advancing Nutraceutical Testing for Improved Health Outcomes.

The recent global wave of organic food consumption and the vitality of nutraceuticals for human health benefits has driven the need for applying scientific methods for phytochemical testing. Advanced in vitro models with greater physiological relevance than conventional in vitro models are required to evaluate the potential benefits and toxicity of nutraceuticals. Organ-on-chip (OOC) models have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional in vitro models and animal testing due to their ability to mimic organ pathophysiology.

Risk and predictors of severity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19 in Dubai.

Background: Globally, patients with diabetes suffer from increased disease severity and mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Old age, high body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and complications of diabetes are recognized as major risk factors for infection severity and mortality.

Aim: To investigate the risk and predictors of higher severity and mortality among in-hospital patients with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes (T2D) during the first wave of the pandemic in Dubai (March-September 2020).

Focused Ultrasound, an Emerging Tool for Atherosclerosis Treatment: A Comprehensive Review.

Focused ultrasound (FUS) has emerged as a promising noninvasive therapeutic modality for treating atherosclerotic arterial disease. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), a noninvasive and precise modality that generates high temperatures at specific target sites within tissues, has shown promising results in reducing plaque burden and improving vascular function. While low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) operates at lower energy levels, promoting mild hyperthermia and stimulating tissue repair processes.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Particulate Matter Exposure: A Systematic Review.

Background: Particulate matter (PM) exposure is responsible for seven million deaths annually and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of respiratory infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Understanding modifiable risk factors of high mortality, resource burdensome C19 and exposure risks such as PM is key to mitigating their devastating effects. This systematic review focuses on the literature available, identifying the spatial and temporal variation in the role of quantified PM exposure in SARS disease outcome and planning our future experimental studies.

Recent developments in multi-omics and breeding strategies for abiotic stress tolerance in maize ( L.).

High-throughput sequencing technologies (HSTs) have revolutionized crop breeding. The advent of these technologies has enabled the identification of beneficial quantitative trait loci (QTL), genes, and alleles for crop improvement. Climate change have made a significant effect on the global maize yield.

Comparative analysis of antigenic strength and serum antibodies concentration of tetanus toxoid vaccine adsorbed in Pakistan.

produce tetanospasmin, a potent exotoxin; that causes tetanus or lockjaw disease. Scientists developed an anti-tetanus toxoid to protect the body from the spasm's neurotoxic effect. In Pakistan recently, 478 cases of neonatal tetanus were reported.

Examining the Long-Term Sequelae of SARS-CoV2 Infection in Patients Seen in an Outpatient Psychiatric Department.

Background: The acute phase of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is well known. However, there is now an increasing number of patients suffering from the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC Post COVID-19 condition occurs in individuals with a history of probable or confirmed SARS CoV-2 infection, usually 3 months from the onset of COVID-19 with symptoms and that last for at least 2 months and cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis), including neuropsychiatric symptoms. The purpose of this report is to describe the sociodemographic, diagnostic and treatment characteristics of patients evaluated in an outpatient psychiatric setting for PASC.

The Impact of Telemonitoring on Improving Glycemic and Metabolic Control in Previously Lost-to-Follow-Up Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-Center Interventional Study in the United Arab Emirates.

Background: Telemonitoring (TM), mobile-phone technology for health, and bluetooth-enabled self-monitoring devices represent innovative solutions for proper glycemic control, compliance and monitoring, and access to providers.

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the impact of TM devices on glycemic control and the compliance of 38 previously lost-to-follow-up (LTFU) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This was an interventional single-center study that randomly recruited LTFU patients from the Dubai Diabetes Center (DDC), UAE.

Oxytocin and Related Peptide Hormones: Candidate Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Early Stages of Sepsis.

Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by dysregulated host immunological responses to infection. Uncontrolled immune cell activation and exponential elevation in circulating cytokines can lead to sepsis, septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and death. Sepsis is associated with high re-hospitalization and recovery may be incomplete, with long term sequelae including post-sepsis syndrome.

New alternatives from sustainable sources to wheat in bakery foods: Science, technology, and challenges.

Ongoing research in the food industry is striving to replace wheat flour with new alternatives from sustainable sources to overcome the disease burden in the existing population. Celiac disease, wheat allergy, gluten sensitivity, or non-celiac gluten sensitivity are some common disorders associated with gluten present in wheat. These scientific findings are crucial to finding appropriate alternatives in introducing new ingredients supporting the consumer's requirements.

Study of the Anticancer Potential of Plant Extracts Using Liver Tumor Microphysiological System.

Background: Plants have been considered a vital source of modern pharmaceutics since the paleolithic age. Contemporary chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer therapy are chemical entities sourced from plants. However, synthetic drugs or their derivatives come with severe to moderate side effects for human health.

Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities of Selected Medicinal Plants of Himalayas, Pakistan.

Medicinal plants are known for their diverse use in the traditional medicine of the Himalayan region of Pakistan. The present study is designed to investigate the anticancer and antimicrobial activities of and   The anticancer activity was performed using cancerous human cell lines (HepG2, Caco-2, A549, MDA-MB-231, and NCI-H1437 carcinoma cells), while the antimicrobial activity was conducted with the agar-well diffusion method. Furthermore, toxicity studies were performed on alveolar and renal primary epithelial cells.

Efficacy and Safety of Regimens Used for the Treatment of POEMS Syndrome- A Systematic Review.

POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy/edema, monoclonal plasma protein [M protein], and skin changes) is a rare paraneoplastic disorder associated with underlying plasma cell neoplasia. Although limited-stage disease can be treated with radiotherapy, treatment for the more advanced disease remains unclear. The most commonly used therapies for POEMS syndrome include alkylators and steroids, high-dose chemotherapy with autologos stem cell transplantation, lenalidomide, and bortezomib.

Stent Embolization Mimicking Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Venous thromboembolism is associated with significant morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Anticoagulation is the cornerstone of treatment. Venous stents are a relatively newer entity that are increasingly being used to treat venous stenosis/occlusion.