Prevalence, management and outcomes of pulmonary metastases in hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a significant global health burden, with varying survival rates across regions. The presence of pulmonary metastases (PM) in HCC predicts a poorer prognosis, yet the global understanding of the progression and management is limited.

Methods: This study aims to systematically review the burden of PM in HCC, document current treatment approaches, and evaluate treatment effectiveness through meta-analysis.