Publications by authors named "Muhammad Babar Khawar"

Colorectal cancer (CRC), a major global health concern, necessitates innovative treatments. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown promise, yet they grapple with challenges. The spotlight pivots to the rising heroes: CAR natural killer (NK) cells, offering advantages such as higher safety profiles, cost-effectiveness, and efficacy against solid tumors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Kidney dysfunction is a prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus, contributing significantly to diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. We aim to explore whether platelet-rich plasma administration can modulate iron regulation mechanism within the kidney, thereby mitigating renal dysfunction associated with diabetes. Albino mice with an average body weight of 20 ± 5 g were randomly divided into five groups (N = 50; n = 10): Control Group, PRP Group, diabetic group (DG), treated group A (TA), and treated group B (TB).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) is a highly aggressive malignant bone tumor primarily affecting adolescents and young adults. Despite the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in some cases, the cure rate for patients with metastatic and recurrent disease remains low. Therefore, there is an urgent need for innovative therapeutic approaches to address the challenges associated with EWS treatment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have proven themselves as transformative actors in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, surpassing traditional methods and addressing challenges like immunogenicity, reduced toxicity, and improved safety. Promising preclinical results signal a shift toward safer and more effective CAR T cell treatments. Ongoing research aims to validate these findings in clinical trials, marking a new era guided by LNPs utility in CAR therapy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Male infertility is a significant global issue affecting 60-80 million people, with 40%-50% of cases linked to male issues. Exposure to radiation, drugs, sickness, the environment, and oxidative stress may result in testicular degeneration. Carbohydrate-based polymers (CBPs) restore testis differentiation and downregulate apoptosis genes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Tripartite motif (TRIM) family members participate in a variety of cellular activities, such as intracellular signaling, development, cellular death, protein quality control, immunological defense, waste degradation, and the emergence of cancer. These proteins usually act as E3 ubiquitin ligase. The final line of resistance against infectious viruses is a cytosolic ubiquitin ligase and antibody receptor called TRIM containing 21.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Extracellular vehicles (EVs) have been involved in several aspects of pregnancy, including endometrial receptivity, embryo implantation, and embryo-maternal communication showing them associated with pregnancy disorders, such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, and preterm birth. Further research is warranted to fully comprehend the exact pathophysiological roles of EVs and to develop new therapies targeting EVs thereby improving pregnancy outcomes. Herein, we review the recent knowledge on the multifaceted roles of EVs during pregnancy and address the majority of the molecular interactions between EVs, maternal, and fetal cells with an emphasis on disorders of pregnancy under the influence of EVs.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived messengers which have been playing an important role in the inflammation and pathogenesis of lung diseases. EVs contain varieties of DNA, RNA, and membrane receptors through which they work as a delivery system for bioactive molecules as well as intracellular communicators. EV signaling mediates tumor progression and metastasis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Microplastics (MPs) are biologically active environmental pollutants having significant impact on the ecosystem and human health. MPs have been reported to increase oxidative stress, resulting in tissue damage, developmental abnormalities, metabolic disorders, epigenetic changes, abnormal reproduction, and reduced gamete quality. At present, most of the existing literature has focused on the effects of MPs on the reproduction of various aquatic organisms; however, the effects of MPs on mammalian reproduction specifically humans are least studied except a few ones fragmentally discussing the effects of MPs on gametogenesis in human.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common primary liver cancer and a leading cause of death, is a difficult disease to treat due to its heterogeneous nature. Traditional models, such as 2D culture and patient-derived xenografts, have not proven effective. However, the development of 3D culture techniques, such as organoids, which can mimic the tumor microenvironment (TME) and preserve heterogeneity and pathophysiological properties of tumor cells, offers new opportunities for treatment and research.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for solid tumors shows promise, but several hurdles remain. Strategies to overcome barriers such as CAR T therapy-related toxicities (CTT), immunosuppression, and immune checkpoints through research and technology are needed to put the last nail to the coffin and offer hope for previously incurable malignancies. Herein we review current literature and infer novel strategies for the mitigation of CTT while impeding immune suppression, stromal barriers, tumor heterogeneity, on-target/off-tumor toxicities, and better transfection strategies with an emphasis on clinical research and prospects.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Metal ion-coordinated self-assembled short-chain amino acid peptide molecules with multi-photon excitation wavelengths and their photoluminescence properties are advantageous for fluorescence-based diagnostics and treatments of biological diseases based on their extra features of antibacterial agents. We have designed a novel strategy based on tryptophan molecule coordinated with Zn(II) ions in the form of biocompatible spherical nanoparticles of diameter 30-80 nm which have been used for antibacterial treatments against different kinds of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas). Preferably, we have used tryptophan-phenylalanine (Trp-Phe), a dipeptide molecule having tryptophan as principal material against E.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The current study was designed to highlight the effects of heterologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on deteriorated hepatic tissues and impaired glucose metabolism of alloxan-induced diabetic mice.

Methods: 30 male mice were divided into a control (CG), PRP (PG), diabetic (DG), and two treated groups (T1G and T2G). PG was given PRP treatment (0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cell death is a natural mechanism for biological clearance for the maintenance of homeostasis in a dynamic microenvironment of the central nervous system. Stress and various factors can lead to imbalance between cellular genesis and cell death leading to dysfunctionality and a number of neuropathological disorders. Drug repurposing can help bypass development time and cost.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Lipophagy is a selective degradation of lipids by a lysosomal-mediated pathway, and dysregulation of lipophagy is linked with the pathological hallmark of many liver diseases. Downregulation of lipophagy in liver cells results in abnormal accumulation of LDs (Lipid droplets) in hepatocytes which is a characteristic feature of several liver pathologies such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Contrarily, upregulation of lipophagy in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is associated with hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the most prominent causative factors for obesity and metabolic inflammation. The effects of HFD overconsumption on intestinal histology, expression of haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and transferrin receptor-2 (TFR2) remain elusive. The present study was conducted to analyze the effect of HFD on these parameters.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To explore transcriptome and immunological features of patients with Ewing sarcoma (ES) using all publicly available microarray data.

Methods: Data of 479 ES tissues were integrated and normalized. Gene expression, immune infiltration, and cancer-specific pathways were analyzed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Optical detection of HIV-1 DNA with surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a quick and versatile method, having great potential in screening and characterization of HIV-1 virus particle. We have synthesized and applied novel gold nanocubes (AuNCs) for signal enhancement of SERS to study HIV-1 DNA strands by taking into account the specific vibrational bands of functional groups. Raman peaks at 562 cm, 800 cm, 1094 cm were observed in both Human Random Control DNA and HIV-1 DNA, while three new peaks were detected in infected DNA at 421 cm, 1069 cm and 1254 cm.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Arthritis is a genetic disorder characterized by bones and joint degradation assisted by severe pain and inflammation. It is evident by the studies that 0 candidate genes variations play vital role in its development and progression. Therefore, we investigated the genetic variation of , , and genes in the Pakistani population.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) are novel circulating factors that can be used as biomarkers in various diseases. Their unique and diverse kinds, as well as their role as biomarkers, make them significant biomarkers. There has been immense work carried out since the discovery of exRNAs in circulation and other biological fluids to catalog and determine whether exRNAs may be utilized as indicators for health and illness.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF