Progression of diabetic retinopathy in women with pregestational diabetes during pregnancy and postpartum.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) may worsen during pregnancy, but its course in the postpartum remains poorly understood. Understanding the natural history of DR during and after pregnancy can help determine when sight-threatening DR treatment should be administered.

Methods: A prospective longitudinal cohort study recruited pregnant women with pre-existing type 1 (T1D) or type 2 diabetes from two tertiary Diabetes Antenatal Clinics in Melbourne, Australia.

Modified Four-Point Scleral Fixated Sutured Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation Using 2 Eyelets Polymethyl Methacrylate Lens and 8-0 Polypropylene Suture.

Purpose: To present a modified technique of 4-point scleral fixation using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) 2 eyelets intraocular lens (IOL) with 8-0 polypropylene sutures.

Methods: A 270-degree conjunctival peritomy is done, and 4 sclerotomies (2 nasal and 2 temporal) are created. Lamellar scleral or clear corneal incision is made at superior site (6 mm wide for sclera or 5.

rs10737680 polymorphism in complement factor H and neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Background: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is one of the main causes of blindness in developed countries. is one of the genes involved in the pathogenesis of nAMD. This study investigated the rs10737680 polymorphism in and its conferred susceptibility to nAMD in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Accuracy of Low-Cost, Smartphone-Based Retinal Photography for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness. Early DR screening is essential, but the infrastructure can be less affordable in low resource countries. This study aims to review the accuracy of low-cost smartphone-based fundus cameras for DR screening in adult patients with diabetes.

Serum apolipoprotein A1 and B are associated with 6-month persistent and incident diabetic macular oedema in type 2 diabetes.

Aims: To investigate the associations of baseline apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and B (ApoB) levels with persistent and incident diabetic macular oedema (DMO) after 6 months of follow-up.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of patients aged ≥30 years with untreated diabetic retinopathy. Examinations, fundus photography and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were assessed at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months.

Cholesterols, Apolipoproteins, and Their Associations with the Presence and Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review.

Serum apolipoproteins have been reported as a more significant marker for diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared with serum cholesterols. This article aims to review the associations between serum cholesterols and apolipoproteins, and the presence and severity of DR. The protocol of this systematic review was registered at the PROSPERO registry (CRD42022303331).

Efficient and Robust Method to Detect the Location of Macular Center Based on Optimal Temporal Determination.

The location of the macular central is very important for the examination of macular edema when using an automated screening system. The erratic character of the macular light intensity and the absence of a clear border make this anatomical structure difficult to detect. This paper presents a new method for detecting the macular center based on its geometrical location in the temporal direction of the optic disc.

A Novel Biomarker in Primary Glaucoma: Aqueous Humor and Serum Levels of Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA).

Purpose: To analyze ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels in aqueous humor and serum, and their correlation to RNFL thinning in primary glaucoma patients.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Patients were divided into the control and glaucoma groups.

Prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy and microvascular complications in native Indonesian women: The Jogjakarta diabetic retinopathy initiatives in pregnancy (Jog-DRIP).

Objectives: To report the prevalence of total diabetes in pregnancy (TDP) and diabetes-related microvascular complications among Indonesian pregnant women.

Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study with multi-stage, cluster random sampling to select the participating community health centers (CHC) in Jogjakarta, Indonesia between July 2018-November 2019. All pregnant women in any trimester of pregnancy within the designated CHC catchment area were recruited.

Large, star-shaped retinal tear associated with orbital cosmetic filler.

Purpose: Presentation of a unique case of large, star-shaped retinal tear associated with orbital cosmetic filler injection.

Observation: A 55-year-old healthy female presented to emergency department with sudden onset of blurred vision on her left eye occurred after an orbital cosmetic filler injection containing hyaluronic acid (HA) performed by an aesthetic nurse. On fundus examination, the left eye showed a mild - moderate, unusual appearance vitreous haze and a large, star-shaped retinal tear temporal to macula.

Two-step versus 1-step subretinal injection to compare subretinal drug delivery: a randomised study protocol.

Introduction: There is increasing interest in subretinal injections as a surgical procedure, largely as a result of emerging treatments for ocular diseases which necessitate this manoeuvre. However, surgical variables in the efficacy of such treatments have to date been largely overlooked and the proportion of drug which reaches the intended compartment of the subretinal space remains unknown. Our aims are twofold: first, to determine the proportion of subretinally injected medication retained following surgical delivery and second, to compare two different techniques of injection ('1-step' vs '2-step').

Association of the HtrA1 rs11200638 Polymorphism with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Indonesia.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the HtrA1 rs11200638 polymorphism with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in Indonesia.

Methods: This case-control study included 80 patients with nAMD and 85 controls. Demographic parameters and whole blood were collected from each participant.

Associations of and Gene Polymorphisms with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the association of A69S, del443ins54, and Y402H polymorphisms with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) for the first time in an Indonesian population.

Patients And Methods: Our case-control study involved 104 nAMD and 100 control subjects. AMD diagnosis was evaluated by retinal specialists based on color fundus photography and optical coherence tomography.

Low utility of diabetic eye care services and perceived barriers to optimal diabetic retinopathy management in Indonesian adults with vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy.

Among 100 Indonesian adults with type 2 diabetes having vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy, less than 25% of individuals had appropriate treatment within 12 months from their initial screening due to lack of information about the treatment cost (88%), no permission from family member (77.3%) and having no eye complaint (77%).

Concept and application of relaxing radial retinectomy for retinal detachment with advanced proliferative vitreo-retinopathy.

Purpose: To revisit the concept of retinectomy and the theory of mechanical forces on the retina occurring in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to describe the potential application of radial retinectomy in RRD with advanced proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Methods: A literature search was performed to identify all English language articles reporting the use of retinectomy for the management of RRD with PVR. We reviewed the theoretical background of mechanical forces occurring in RRD.

Diabetic retinopathy progression 6 months post-cataract surgery with intravitreous bevacizumab vs triamcinolone: A secondary analysis of the DiMECAT trial.

Importance: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) may progress following cataract surgery due to surgery-induced inflammation. The effect of intravitreal bevacizumab (BVB) and triamcinolone acetonide (TCA), which have differing anti-inflammatory properties, on DR progression following cataract surgery has not been reported.

Background: To report the progression of DR in diabetic patients undergoing cataract extraction treated with intravitreal BVB or TCA during the surgery.

The estimated healthcare cost of diabetic retinopathy in Indonesia and its projection for 2025.

Purpose: To estimate the total healthcare cost associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes in Indonesia and its projection for 2025.

Methods: A prevalence-based cost-of-illness model was constructed from previous population-based DR study. Projection for 2025 was derived from estimated diabetes population in 2025.

Neurofibromatosis type 2 gene mutation and progesterone receptor messenger RNA expression in the pathogenesis of sporadic orbitocranial meningioma.

Aim: To investigate neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) gene mutation at mRNA levels in sporadic orbitocranial meningioma and its association with progesterone receptor (PR) mRNA expression.

Methods: This was a case-control study. Thirty-four sporadic meningioma patients with no familial NF2-related meningioma history were recruited.

Relationships Between Neurofibromatosis-2, Progesterone Receptor Expression, the Use of Exogenous Progesterone, and Risk of Orbitocranial Meningioma in Females.

The pathogenesis of meningioma in females and its association with exogenous progesterone is remained unclear. This study was aimed to examine expression of Progesterone receptor (PR) and Neurofibromatosis-2 () and assess their relationships to history of exogenous progesterone use and risk of meningioma. Our study was a case-control study that involves 115 females, 40 cases who diagnosed with orbito-cranial meningioma and 75 controls of healthy, that has been presented in previous study.

Estimated Resting Metabolic Rate and Body Composition Measures Are Strongly Associated With Diabetic Retinopathy in Indonesian Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the associations of estimated resting metabolic rate (RMR), body fat (BF), subcutaneous fat (SCF), visceral fat (VF), fat-free mass (FFM) percentage, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Indonesian adults with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study of 1,184 subjects with type 2 diabetes. DR was assessed from fundus photography and categorized as mild, moderate nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and vision-threatening DR (VTDR).

Retinal Arteriolar Narrowing in Young Adults With Glaucomatous Optic Disc.

Purpose: Glaucomatous optic disc (GOD) might represent various subclinical processes. However, whether the presence of GOD is related to vascular processes is less clear. This study aimed to assess the retinal vessel diameter, as surrogate markers of vascular regulation, in healthy young adults with GOD compared with normal.