Mechanism and kinetic model of microalgal enzymatic hydrolysis for prospective bioethanol conversion.

is a potential microalgae that is in consideration for producing bioethanol owing to its large content of carbohydrates. The glucose production from through an enzymatic process with cellulase and xylanase (pretreatment process) and α-amylase and glucoamylase (saccharification process) was studied. The mechanism of the enzymatic process was developed and the kinetic models were then evaluated.

Shelf life of indigenous tengkawang butter: Storage kinetic and effect of antioxidant to oxidation stability index.

Tengkawang butter is an indigenous and traditional butter from Borneo that can be a lipid source for pharmaceutical and food applications. Studies found that Tengkawang butter is a cheaper cocoa butter substitution without compromising its quality. However, the current storage method is still very traditional, resulting in faster deterioration of Tengkawang butter.

The Effect of Solvent Hydrophilicity on the Enzymatic Ring-Opening Polymerization of L-Lactide by Lipase.

Contradictions have been reported on the effect of organic solvents, especially toluene, on enzymatic ring-opening polymerization (eROP) of L-lactide. Studies have shown that log P, a common measure of hydrophilicity, affects enzyme activity. This study examines the effect of solvents with various log P values on the eROP of L-lactide, performed using lipase (CRL).

Reduction of the acidity and peroxide numbers of tengkawang butter () using thermal and acid activated bentonites.

Tengkawang fat (), from an indigenous plant of the Kalimantan forest, has excellent potential as an alternative source of vegetable fat because it has a high level of fatty acids composition. Activated natural bentonite can be used as a bleaching agent to improve the quality of tengkawang fat. This research aims to reduce the acidity, peroxide number values and identify the physicochemical properties (fatty acid composition, nutrients, and thermal) of tengkawang butter.

Blood Metabolic and Estradiol Level of Repeat Breeder and Fertile in Friesian Holstein Cross Breed Cows in the Tropic.

Background And Objective: The repeat breeding becomes the major reproduction problem in tropic area especially in Indonesia. It relates to blood metabolic and hormonal level. This research was conducted to investigate the level of blood metabolic and estradiol between the repeat breeder Friesian Holstein Cross Breed Cows (FHCB) and the fertile FHCB cows.