Accuracy of thallium scintigraphy versus coronary angiography for coronary artery disease in diabetics.

Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of thallium scintigraphy in detection of coronary artery disease in diabetic patients.

Study Design: Cross-sectional validation study.

Place And Duration Of Study: The study was carried out from July to December 2007 in the Cardiology Department of the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad.

Treatment of dairy buffaloes naturally infected with sarcoptic mange.

Therapeutic trials of sarcoptic mange in buffaloes were studied at local Livestock farms, Lahore (Pakistan). A total of 600 buffaloes were examined over 1 year period (August 2006 to July 2007) for prevalence study, while 60 buffaloes were selected for therapeutic trial. Sarcoptic mange was recorded in 66 (11%) animals.

Self-reported practices of hand hygiene among the trainees of a teaching hospital in a resource limited country.

Objective: To determine the compliance of hand hygiene among the trainee physicians of a tertiary care teaching hospital; and to identify physicians' opinion regarding various obstacles in adhering to the hand hygiene principles.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey was conducted among the Interns (House Officers) and Post Graduate trainee physicians of a tertiary care teaching hospital in a resource limited country. Subjects were consented and selected through non probability convenient sampling.

Real-time artifact filtering in continuous VEPs/fMRI recording.

Continuous recording of Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) exploits the VEPs high temporal resolution and the fMRI high spatial resolution. In this work, we present a new method of continuous VEPs/fMRI recording to study visual function in seven normal subjects. Our real-time artifact filtering is characterized by a procedure based on an analytical study of echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence parameters related electro-encephalogram (EEG)-artifact shapes.

In situ ligand transformation in the synthesis of manganese complexes: mono-, tri- and a barrel-shaped tetradeca-nuclear Mn(II)14 aggregate.

Three one-pot syntheses leading to four examples of in situ ligand transformations are presented. These in situ reactions involve various transformations of 2-(N'-dicyanomethylene-hydrazino)-benzoic acid (DHB). The resulting ligands enabled the preparation of three new coordination compounds, which were fully characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction.

Farber disease: a rare neurodegenerative disorder.

This is the case report of a two-and-a-half-year old male infant with Farber disease, which is a rare neurodegenerative mucolipidosis. The child presented with regression of milestones, laryngeal involvement and painful joints with swellings around the joints. Neuroimaging findings and the biopsy of the soft tissue swellings helped to reach the diagnosis.

2-(tert-Butoxy-carbonyl-amino)-2-(2-fluoro-phen-yl)acetic acid.

The title compound, C(13)H(16)FNO(4), consists of conventional, centrosymmetric carboxyl-ate dimers. These dimers form infinite polymeric chains due to inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding. The 2-fluoro-phenyl unit is disordered over two sets of sites with an ocupancy ratio of 0.

Expression and developmental regulation of oxytocin (OT) and oxytocin receptors (OTR) in the enteric nervous system (ENS) and intestinal epithelium.

Although oxytocin (OT) and oxytocin receptor (OTR) are known for roles in parturition and milk let-down, they are not hypothalamus-restricted. OT is important in nurturing and opposition to stress. Transcripts encoding OT and OTR have been reported in adult human gut, and OT affects intestinal motility.

Prognostic significance of new immunohistochemistry scoring of p53 protein expression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of mice.

This study was conducted to investigate the prognostic value and therapeutic response of treatment modalities on p53 protein expression and AgNOR index in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Furthermore, based on data, we proposed a new p53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) scoring system. Sixty albino mice were given 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracine (DMBA) and 12-O-tetradecanoly Phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to produce skin tumors.

Resistance to foliage feeding aphid in wheat.

Experimental trials were conducted at Integrated Pest Management Programme, National Agriculture Research Centre Islamabad, to evaluate the resistance of host plants (cereals) against Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). For evaluation of susceptibility, twenty varieties/-advanced lines of National Uniform Wheat Yield Trails (NUWYT) Normal (N) of year 2004-2005 were used.

Scalp hair mercury concentrations in Pakistan.

The presence of mercury in the environment is widespread and persistent, but the extent of exposure of Pakistanis to mercury is virtually unknown. We collected toenail and scalp hair samples from 158 subjects (83 males and 75 females) residing in Lahore and its suburbs. We also conducted a questionnaire survey and personal interviews to obtain information on demographic factors, lifestyles, and socioeconomic factors, among others.

Toenail arsenic levels among residents in Amami-Oshima Island, Japan.

In order to evaluate the current arsenic exposure status and its determinants in Japan, we collected toenail samples from 212 subjects residing in a town with a population of 6,900 in Amami-Oshima Island in August 1999. We measured arsenic concentrations of the toenails using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In addition, we examined the association of arsenic levels with lifestyles and dietary habits, including the consumption of fish, seaweed, and rice.

Arsenic, cadmium and lead levels in hair and toenail samples in pakistan.

We collected toenail and hair samples from 160 subjects, 83 males and 77 females, residing in Lahore city and its suburban areas in Pakistan, and examined the concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead and other metals using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The mean hair and toenail arsenic levels were 0.31 ppm and 0.

Brain effects of chronic IBD in areas abnormal in autism and treatment by single neuropeptides secretin and oxytocin.

Recent research points to the connection between behavioral and gut disorders. Early adverse events are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In animal models, maternal deprivation and social isolation predispose to gastric erosion and brain pathology.

Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA nasal carriage in general population.

Objective: Assessment of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and MRSA nasal carriage in our general population.

Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.

Awareness about causes of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) malignancies.

Objective: To determine the knowledge of doctors, nurses, patients and public about the causes of gastrointestinal cancers and dissemination of this knowledge.

Design: A cross-sectional analytical study.

Place And Duration Of Study: This study was carried out in the Department of Oncology, King Fahad Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and was completed in four months from February 2003 to June 2003.

Qualitative assessment of bacteriological quality and chlorination status of drinking water in Lahore.

Objective: Qualitative assessment of bacteriological quality and chlorination status of drinking water in Lahore.

Design: Descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Lahore city from October 2000 to September 2001.

Maxillofacial trauma: current practice in management at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences.

Background: This study was carried out to determine the aetiology, pattern and management of maxillofacial injuries at PIMS, Islamabad.

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Plastic Surgery Department, PIMS Islamabad from 1st February 1998 to 30th April 2002. All the adult patients presenting with maxillofacial injures were included where as patients less than 12 years of age and only facial lacerations were excluded.

A comparative study of essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus and some members of the genus Citrus.

Steam distilled oils of some species of the genus Citrus and Cymbopogon citratus were analyzed by GC-MS. It is observed that citral b was the most common constituent of the oils, which could be a good inhibitor of beta-glucuronidase as all the tested essential oils showed significant inhibition of beta-glucuronidase. IC50 values of a mixture of citral a and b also proved the hypothesis.

Secretin activates visceral brain regions in the rat including areas abnormal in autism.

1. The aim of this study was to determine whether central networks are involved in the presumptive behavioral and autonomic regulatory actions of secretin, a gut hormone that has been reported to have ameliorative effects in autistic children. 2.

Antimicrobial resistance of community and hospital acquired Staphylococcus aureus isolates to oxacillin and glycopeptides.

Objective: To determine sensitivity pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from the community and hospitals to methicillin, glycopeptides and other antimicrobial agents.

Design: Descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Private Pathology Laboratory in Lahore from January 2001 to April 2002.

Cardiac Effects of Water Immersion in Healthy Volunteers.

To evaluate cardiac chamber size and ejection fraction during head-out immersion of patients in the semisitting position in neutral temperature water bath, 12 volunteers were studied using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). In this open, controlled, prospective clinical study, left ventricular end-systolic, end-diastolic volumes, and ejection fraction were measured in 12 adult awake healthy volunteers using TTE with the patient in a semisitting position pre-, during, and postimmersion in the Dornier extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor water bath at 35 degrees C. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume significantly increased from an average of 96.