The Anatomical and Functional Outcome of Autologous Internal Limiting Membrane Transplant With 27-Gauge Vitrectomy in Failed and Recurrent Macular Holes in a Spectrum of Pathologies.

Objective: To describe the anatomical and functional outcome of autologous internal limiting membrane (ILM) transplant with 27-gauge plus (27G+) three ports pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in failed and recurrent full-thickness macular holes (MH) in a spectrum of pathologies.

Study Design: Observational cohort study Methods: Seven eyes of seven patients who had failed or recurrent MH were included from January 2017 to January 2022. A single vitreoretinal surgeon performed all surgeries using a 27G+ PPV system in a tertiary care hospital.

Mean Ocular Perfusion Pressure Effect During Pars Plana Vitrectomy on the Foveal Avascular Zone: A Pilot Study.

To evaluate the effect of mean ocular perfusion pressure on the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in eyes with successful retinal detachment (RD) surgery. This prospective pilot fellow eye-controlled study measured the intraoperative mean ocular perfusion pressure in eyes having surgery for rhegmatogenous RD (RRD). Postoperatively, the FAZ area was measured; the change was calculated as the difference in the FAZ area between the operated eye and the contralateral control eye.

Nodular Posterior Scleritis With Associated Choroiditis Masquerading As A Choroidal Tumour: A Case Report.

A case of nodular posterior scleritis in a 25-year-old male who presented with a 14-day history of unilateral decline in vision, pain, and redness in his right eye. Slit lamp examination of the right eye revealed dilated episcleral vessels present nasally as well as a choroidal mass at the nasal periphery of the fundus, associated with choroidal oedema. Systemic evaluation and imaging of the choroidal mass were performed to rule out choroidal tuberculoma and choroidal metastasis.

Suprachoroidal silicone oil migration following 27 gauge 3 ports pars plana vitrectomy - a rare complication and its management.

Suprachoroidal silicone oil migration is an unusual complication of small gauge 3 ports Pars plana vitrectomy (3PPV) system. Our objective is to report a retrospective, observational case of an intra-operative suprachoroidal silicone oil (SO) migration during 27 gauge 3PPV and its successful surgical management. A 49 years old male patient with type 2 diabetes, presented to the ophthalmology outpatient department with reduced visual acuity in his right eye.

Frequency and Outcome of Retinopathy of Prematurity at Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan.

Objective: To describe the frequency and outcome of Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Study Design: Observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Ophthalmology Department, Shifa International Hospital (SIH) Islamabad from May 2014 to December 2019.

The Clinical and Safety Outcomes of 27 Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy in Eyes With Macular Hole.

Objective To report the clinical, visual, and safety outcomes of 27 gauge pars plana vitrectomy (27G PPV) in eyes with full thickness and lamellar macular hole (MH).  Methodology This retrospective cross-sectional study, conducted at the ophthalmology department of Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, was done on 89 eyes of 85 patients who underwent 27G PPV for full-thickness and lamellar MH with a postoperative follow-up period of six months.  Results The mean age was 61.

Efficacy and Safety Profile of 25-Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Pakistan: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Introduction This study aims to evaluate the primary anatomical success and visual outcomes of 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (25g PPV) in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in Pakistan. Design This is a five-year retrospective, interventional cohort study conducted at tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan from October 2013 to October 2018. Methods This is a retrospective, interventional cohort study of 418 consecutive patients with RRD who underwent 25g PPV.

Comprehensive overview of IRVAN syndrome: a structured review of Case Reports and Case Series.

Idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis (IRVAN) syndrome is a rare spectrum of retinal vasculitis, aneurysms, and neuroretinitis affecting young individuals in their third decade. Most of our current knowledge is based on case reports, case series, and a handful of collaborative studies. There is much diversity in treatment approaches and outcomes in the reported literature.

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on Retinal Surgeries.

Objectives: To determine the frequency and severity of surgical Vitreo-Retinal diseases during COVID-19 lockdown period (LP) and compare it with same period last year.

Methods: Single hospital based retrospective Cohort Study. Data of the patients that underwent retinal surgeries during the COVID-19 LP i.

Outcomes of 27gauge pars plana vitrectomy for a variety of posterior segment diseases.

Objective: To report outcomes of 27 gauge pars plana vitrectomy for the management of a variety of simple to complex posterior segment disorders.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised data of all patients who underwent 27 gauge pars plana vitrectomy between July 1, 2015, and June 30, 2019, for a variety of indications. Data noted included age, gender, laterality, diagnosis, pre-operative visual acuity, date of surgery and surgical details, including operating time and complications.

Incidence of endophthalmitis following intravitreal anti VEGF injections at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

Objective: To assess the rate of infectious endophthalmitis with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection, and to evaluate institutional procedure protocol in this regard.

Methods: The retrospective consecutive case series was conducted at Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan, from August 2018 to January 2019, and comprised 5-year data from August 2014 to July 2019 related to patients who underwent intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.

Ophthalmological Aspects of von-Hippel-Lindau Syndrome.

von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is a multisystem neoplastic disorder involving eyes, central nervous system, kidneys, spine, and other tissues. A retinal capillary hemangioma (RCH) is the earliest manifestation of the VHL disease in most cases.This paper aims to provide an up-to-date review of the current literature about von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.

Evaluation of practices of macular ganglion cell complex scan in early detection of glaucoma.

The purpose of this survey was to evaluate the level of awareness and practices regarding macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) scans for early detection of glaucoma. The study design was descriptive cross-sectional and the sampling technique was non-probability convenient method. Data was collected through an online survey, from 100 practicing ophthalmologists and optometrists of Pakistan in two weeks, from January 20 to February 03 2019.

Haemorrhagic occlusive retinal vasculitis caused by intravitreal vancomycin.

Intraocular Vancomycin is used as a treatment as well as prophylaxis of endophthalmitis, but in rare instances it can cause serious ischaemic vasculitis. The most salient features of the disease include painless visual loss after cataract surgery, mild to moderate inflammation in the anterior chamber and peripheral retinal involvement with patchy haemorrhages and ischaemic vasculitis. We present case reports of two such patients who were identified with ischaemic vasculitis when they were given intravitreal Vancomycin for treatment of suspected endophthalmitis after complicated phacoemulsification surgery.

A Novel Method of Quantifying the Choriocapillaris in Normal and Post-inflammatory Eyes.

Objective: To assess the reliability and validity of gray level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) in the quantification of choriocapillaris and describe GLCM features in normal and eyes with resolved acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) and serpiginous choroiditis (SC).

Methods: In this, multicenter, reliability, validity and comparative study; OCTA was performed on eyes with resolved APMPPE and SC and normal individuals. CC texture classification, low flow area measurements and GLCM feature extraction were performed.

Long-term visual acuity and the duration of macular detachment: findings from a prospective population-based study.

Aim: To report the long-term visual outcome of a multicentre prospectively recruited cohort of macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD) METHODS: The Scottish retinal detachment study was a prospectively recruited study that recruited all incident cases of primary RRD in Scotland over a 2-year period (2007-2009). All patients with a macula-off RRD from four participating sites were invited for clinical examination at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after the initial surgery. Using a joinpoint model we estimated the effect of duration of macular detachment on final visual outcome.

A novel technique of tangential, circumferential, scleral tunnel in 20-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy: optical coherence tomography-aided analysis of wound integrity and clinical outcome.

Aim: To describe a novel technique of sclerotomy construction to facilitate 20-gauge transconjunctical sutureless vitrectomy (TSV) along with the evaluation of the wound integrity.

Methods: The surgical technique is described. One hundred consecutive patients who underwent TSV were evaluated for wound leaks, postoperative hypotony, endophthalmitis and any other complication related to surgery.

The patterns of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance of bacterial keratitis isolates in Glasgow, United Kingdom.

Purpose: Trends in antibiotic sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria change with time and the emergence of resistance to commonly used antibiotics is not uncommon. The aim of this study is to identify the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance patterns in a tertiary referral centre that commonly manages corneal infections.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of microbiology reports of corneal scrapes in a tertiary care hospital.

Superior forniceal advancement conjunctival pedicle (SFACP) in the management of corneal perforations and impending perforations due to rheumatoid arthritis related autoimmune corneal melts.

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is a disorder consisting of a crescent-shaped destructive inflammation of the perilimbal corneal stroma. PUK may occur in variety of systemic diseases including collagen vascular disease. We describe the outcome of superior forniceal advancement conjunctival pedicle (SFACP) in two patients with corneal perforation and impending perforation due to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) related auto immune corneal melt that has not previously been reported.

The effect of the first application of verteporfin photodynamic therapy on lesion growth in choroidal neovascularisation and its potential impact on combination therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of lesion size on the observed growth of the choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) following the first application of photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Methods: A retrospective study of consecutive patients with subfoveal classic CNV or predominantly classic CNV undergoing first verteporfin photodynamic therapy (VPDT) according to treatment of age-related macular degeneration with photodynamic therapy (TAP) protocol between June 2005 and September 2005. Patients were classified into two groups according to baseline greatest linear dimension (GLD) at the time of VPDT monotherapy.

Soft contact lens use for upper eyelid surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of silicone hydrogel soft contact lenses in upper eyelid procedures.

Methods: Thirteen patients (14 eyes) who had full thickness upper lid reconstruction were studied. PureVision contact lenses were placed on the eyes at the commencement of the surgery.

Bilateral macular sub-retinal fluid and retinal pigment epithelial detachment associated with type 2 membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis.

Choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) and idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (ICSC) are recognised ocular complications related to type 2 membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis. We report a 38-year-old white male who presented with a 10-day history of blurring of vision, micropsia and metamorphopsia. He had been diagnosed recently to have type 2 membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis.