Prevalence, Incidence and Risk Factors of White Spot Lesions Associated With Orthodontic Treatment - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The primary objective was to systematically assess the prevalence, incidence and risk factors of WSLs with orthodontic treatment. The secondary objective was to compare the prevalence of WSLs between conventional fixed appliances (CFA) and other appliances, as well as with no treatment. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACs, Virtual Health Library and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched.

Orthodontic Bracket to Enamel Pretreated With Nd: YAG and Er: Cr, YSGG Lasers Using Curcumin-Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Infused Adhesive: A FTIR, SEM Evaluation via Backscattered Electron Imaging.

To evaluate the SBS, DC, and rheological valuation of experimental 1 wt % Cur-loaded-HNPs orthodontic adhesive to bond bracket to enamel surface treated with PA; Nd: YAG, and Er: Cr, YSGG lasers. Two adhesives were prepared experimental adhesive (EA) and EA loaded with 1-wt % Cur-HNP. Surface characterization of Cur-loaded HNP was performed under SEM along with EDS.

Photoactivated riboflavin-doped hydroxy apatite nanospheres infiltered in orthodontic adhesives.

To assess micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS), degree of conversion (DC), microleakage (ML) antibacterial efficacy, and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of orthodontic brackets to enamel with different concentrations of photoactivated riboflavin-doped hydroxyapatite (HA) nanospheres (NS) (0%,1%,5% and 10%) and 0.5 wt% RF alone in orthodontic adhesive. Samples were included on the predefined inclusion criteria and positioned up to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ).

Assessment of changes in enamel colour following fixed orthodontic therapy using an advanced spectrophotometer: An in vivo study.

Background: Any manipulation of the surface of natural teeth may result in a variation of their colour. The fixed orthodontic treatment (FOT) is one such procedure which alters the enamel surface during the procedure.

Objective: To clinically evaluate the colour changes in teeth associated with comprehensive FOT (to compare the changes in test and control groups) and to determine the relationship of age and gender on enamel colour due to FOT by using an advanced spectrophotometer.

Inter-observer and intra-observer agreement of cervical vertebral maturation staging: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The accurate assessment of active growth is pivotal for the correction of skeletal malocclusion in growing patients. Cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) staging is easy and devoid of unnecessary radiation, but its inter- and intra-observer agreement is still debatable.

Objective: This study aims to assess inter-observer (reliability) and intra-observer agreement (reproducibility) for CVM staging.

Visible light-activated curcumin-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles integrated into orthodontic adhesive on Micro-tensile bond strength, degree of conversion, and antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus Aureus. An investigation using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

Aim: To acquire a thorough comprehension of the photoactivated Cur-doped ZnONPs at different concentrations 0%, 2.5%, and 5% on the physical qualities, antibacterial efficacy, degree of conversion, and μshear bond strength between orthodontic brackets and the enamel surface.

Material And Methods: An extensive investigation was carried out utilizing a range of analytical methods, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, micro tensile bond strength (μTBS) testing, and evaluation of antibacterial effectiveness.

Orthodontic adhesive loaded with different proportions of ZrO silver-doped nanoparticles: An in vitro μTBS, SEM, EDX, FTIR, and antimicrobial analysis.

Zirconium dioxide silver-doped nanoparticles (ZrOAgDNPs) impacts the adhesive material in terms of its physical characteristics, antimicrobial properties, degree of conversion (DC), and micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of orthodontic brackets to the enamel surface. A comprehensive methodological analysis utilizing a range of analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, DC analysis, and μTBS testing. A light-curable orthodontic adhesive, specifically Transbond XT, was combined with ZrOAgDNPs at 2.

Levels of Inflammatory and Bone Metabolic Markers in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Individuals Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment in Comparison to Those Utilizing Invisalign.

: Evaluation of the levels of cytokine and bone metabolic biomarkers (BMBs) in patients receiving fixed orthodontic therapy (FOT) and Invisalign. : Sixty participants were enrolled after meeting the predefined inclusion criteria. Patients then underwent either FOT or Invisalign by allocating them randomly to each group (n = 30).

Effect of Plant-Based Mouthwash ( and ) on TNF-α, IL-α, IL-β, IL-2, and IL-6 in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Plaque Scores of Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment.

: To investigate the antiplaque properties of two plant-based mouthwashes, (MC) and (OS), and their effect on TNF-α, IL-α, IL-β, IL-2, and IL-6 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. : Seventy-five individuals were recruited according to defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study was structured into two distinct phases.

Salivary and crevicular fluid proinflammatory cytokines and advanced glycation end products in patients with different glycemic levels undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

Objective: To examine whether patients with different blood glycemic levels undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy demonstrate changes in the biochemical profiles of crevicular fluid and salivary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and proinflammatory cytokine levels in comparison with nondiabetic healthy subjects.

Materials And Methods: Prediabetic subjects, subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and subjects without a diabetes mellitus diagnosis undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy with MBT prescription brackets (0.022-inch brackets and 0.

Role of six cytokines and bone metabolism biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment in comparison with aligners: a clinical study.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess bone biomarkers and cytokines in patients with conventional labial appliances (CLAs) and aligners.

Materials And Methods: Participants were recruited to undergo orthodontic treatment with CLAs and aligners according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Periodontal examination was accomplished at baseline and 4 weeks using the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BoP).

Caries-affected dentin disinfection using Triphala, Indocyanine green, and Potassium Titanyl Phosphate laser and their effect on adhesive bond strength.

Aim: To assess the impact of new cavity sterilization types using ozone water (OW), Potassium Titanyl Phosphate laser (KTPL), Triphala, and indocyanine green photosensitizer (ICGP) on adhesive bond strength.

Materials And Methods: Fifty human permanent molars were included based on the criteria of International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) scores 4 and 5 visual examinations, surface hardness valuation, staining by a caries detector solution, and radiographs. Caries-affected dentin (CAD) samples were randomly distributed into groups based on methods of disinfection (n = 10).

Novel use of chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine assisted photodynamic therapy helps in periimplant healing among smoking patients.

Aims: To evaluate the clinical and biochemical peri‑implant parameters using chloro‑aluminum phthalocyanine-(CAP) mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to non-surgical mechanical debridement (NSD) in cigarette smokers (CS) and never-smokers (NS) with peri‑implantitis.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two patients with peri‑implantitis [Group CS - 16 and Group NS - 16] were recruited for the trial. The study participants underwent two therapies: PDT + NSD and NSD alone.

Disinfection of caries-affected dentin using potassium titanyl phosphate laser, Rose bengal and Ozonated water on shear bond strength of deciduous teeth.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of disinfection of caries-effected dentin (CAD) using KTP laser and different decontamination methods using ozonated water (OW), Rose Bengal photosensitizer (RBP), chlorhexidine (CHX), and Er, YAG laser on the shear bond strength (SBS) of adhesive resin bonded to deciduous teeth.

Material And Methods: A total of 50 extracted and radiographically verified carious primary molars were collected and scrutinized according to ICDAS criteria. Specimens were allocated randomly into five groups (n = 10) as per the type of CAD disinfectants.

Effect of two hemostatic agents containing Aluminium chloride and ferric sulfate on bond integrity of resin-modified glass ionomer cement.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of hemostatic agents (Expasyl and Viscostat) on the bond values of RMGIC bonded to pretreated dentin surface with cavity conditioner (CC), self etch primer (SEP), and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and eighty human third molars were embedded in a self-cure acrylic resin-filled polyvinyl cylinder. The dentinal surface was prepared and all the samples were arbitrarily distributed into three different groups liable to the hemostatic agent used (n = 60). Samples in group 1: no hemostatic agent used, Group 2: Samples exposed to Expasyl, and group 3: Viscostat.

Ultrastructural and physicochemical characterization of pH receptive chlorhexidine-loaded poly-L-glycolic acid-modified orthodontic adhesive.

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of chlorhexidine (CHX)-loaded poly-L-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles as a modifier of a commercial orthodontic adhesive via the assessment of physicochemical, biological, and mechanical properties at tooth-bracket interface. CHX-loaded PLGA nanoparticles were synthesized using double emulsion-solvent evaporation method and characterized using transmission electron microscopy and Raman analysis. CHX-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in Transbond XT orthodontic adhesive were prepared using two different concentrations of the CHX (25 and 50%) and characterized for degree of conversion (DC), antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity testing.

Bond assessment of enamel conditioned with Er, Cr: YSGG laser and methylene blue photosensitizer activated by photodynamic therapy to orthodontic metallic brackets.

Aim: To assess bond integrity and failure mode after enamel pretreated with conventional and contemporary conditioning methods were bonded to metallic brackets (MB).

Material And Methods: Forty maxillary central incisors were selected and disinfected. All specimens were mounted up to the cement-o-enamel junction and divided into four experimental groups randomly based on the enamel conditioning technique.

Effect of ultrasonic scaling with adjunctive photodynamic therapy on the treatment of gingival inflammation among diabetic patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

Background: The aim of the present clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of methylene blue-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on the gingival and immunological parameters in diabetic adolescent patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

Methods: The selected 40 participants were randomized equally into two groups; Group I (ultrasonic scaling + oral hygiene instructions) and Group II (ultrasonic scaling/oral hygiene instructions + aPDT). Serum HbA1c levels was assessed for all the participants at chairside.

Impact of riboflavin mediated photodynamic disinfection around fixed orthodontic system infected with oral bacteria.

Purpose: The aim of this laboratory study was to investigate the amount of bacterial destruction through riboflavin mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) around fixed orthodontic devices by using the two strains of bacteria Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis.

Materials And Methods: A total of 80 metallic brackets were divided into four groups consisting of 20 brackets each. Group-I: riboflavin + LED irradiation; Group-II: riboflavin alone; Group-III: immersion in 0.

Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against halitosis in adolescent patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Purpose: The aim of the present randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on halitosis in adolescent patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five adolescents with halitosis undergoing orthodontic treatment were equally randomized into three groups: Group - I: provision of treatment through PDT on dorsum of tongue; Group - II: provision of treatment with the help of tongue scrappers (TS); Group - III: provision of treatment with the help of TS and adjunctive PDT. Presence of halitosis confirmed on the basis of gas chromatography and estimation of oral malodour with a cysteine challenge and HS values recorded ≥112 parts per billion (ppb).

Effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in restoring clinical, microbial, proinflammatory cytokines and pain scores in adolescent patients having generalized gingivitis and undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on clinical gingival inflammatory parameters, bacterial load, proinflammatory cytokine status, and pain scores in adolescent patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with gingivitis.

Methods: Thirty adolescent undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with gingivitis were randomly divided into two groups: Group A - patients undergoing dental scaling (DS) with adjunctive photodynamic therapy (PDT) and Group BDS alone. Clinical gingival parameters including plaque scores, (PS), bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD) were assessed.

Clinical periodontal, bacterial, and immunological outcomes of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement.

Aim: The aim of the present clinical trial is to evaluate the clinical, bacterial, and immunological outcomes of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in adolescent patients with orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement (OTGE).

Materials And Methods: A total of 26 adolescent patients, 16 girls and 10 boys, of mean age 16.8 years, undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment for at least 6 months (mean duration in months, 8.