Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages targeting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from burn patients and sewage water: a genomic and proteomic study.

The spectrum of infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ranges from minor conditions to potentially life-threatening diseases. The rising antibiotic resistance in MRSA often leads to treatment failures, underscoring the urgent need for novel eradication strategies. This study focuses on isolating MRSA from burn patients, determining its antibiogram profile, and isolating and characterizing bacteriophages from sewage water that target MRSA, alongside conducting genomic analysis of the phages.

Ethanolic extract of Euphorbia royleana Boiss. reduces metastasis of breast cancer cells and inhibits tumor progression in vivo.

Metastasis is the most devastating attribute of breast cancer (BC) that leads to high mortality. It is a complex process of tumor cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ERA on BC metastasis and BC progression in vivo.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of bacterial pellets of infected by bacteriophage.

Drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria are a major cause of infectious diseases in the world and they have become a major threat through the reduced efficacy of developed antibiotics. This issue can be addressed by using bacteriophages, which can kill lethal bacteria and prevent them from causing infections. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a promising technique for studying the degradation of infectious bacteria by the interaction of bacteriophages to break the vicious cycle of drug-resistant bacteria and help to develop chemotherapy-independent remedial strategies.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for comparison of biochemical profile of bacteriophage sensitive and resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is gram positive bacteria and leading cause of a wide variety of diseases. It is a common cause of hospitalized and community-acquired infections. Development of increasing antibiotic-resistance by methicillin-resistant S.

Phage-antibiotic synergism against Salmonella typhi isolated from stool samples of typhoid patients.

Background: Typhoid fever is a fatal disease in humans that is caused by Salmonella typhi. S. typhi infections need immediate antibiotic therapy, and their extensive use has led to multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens.

Phytobioactive compounds as therapeutic agents for human diseases: A review.

Phytobioactive compounds are plant secondary metabolites and bioactive compounds abundantly present in medicinal plants and have remarkable therapeutic potential. Oxidative stress and antibiotic resistance are major causes of present-day ailments such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and inflammation. The data for this review were collected from Google Scholar, PubMed, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and Science Direct by using keywords: "Medicinal plants, Phytobioactive compounds, Polyphenols, Alkaloids, Carotenoids etc.

Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Anti-Quorum Sensing Potential of Novel Synthetic Compounds Against Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated From Chronic Sinusitis Patients.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a major controller of virulence and biofilm formation in pathogenic bacteria. The aim of the research was to screen novel synthetic compounds (18) from 2 series (Pyrazole and Diene dione) for quorum sensing and biofilm inhibitory potential against resistant pathogens isolated from patients with chronic sinusitis. Most of the compounds have documented zone of inhibition against Gram positive strains , and moderate activity against Gram negative and in comparison with standard antibiotic.

Bacteriophage Proteome: Insights and Potentials of an Alternate to Antibiotics.

Introduction: The mounting incidence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and the dearth of novel antibiotics demand alternate therapies to manage the infections caused by resistant superbugs. Bacteriophages and phage=derived proteins are considered as potential alternates to treat such infections, and have several applications in health care systems. The aim of this review is to explore the hidden potential of bacteriophage proteins which may be a practical alternative approach to manage the threat of antibiotic resistance.

IL-33 ameliorates liver injury and inflammation in Poly I:C and Concanavalin-A induced acute hepatitis.

The IL-33/ST2 axis is known to be involved in liver pathologies and IL-33 is over-expressed in mouse hepatitis models. We aimed to investigate the proposed protective effect of IL-33 in murine fulminant hepatitis induced by a Toll like receptor 3 (TLR3) viral mimetic, Poly I:C or by Concanavalin-A (ConA). The Balb/C mice were administered intravenously with ConA (15 mg/kg) or Poly I:C (30 μg/mouse) to induce acute hepatitis along with vehicle control.

Epidemiology and Associated Risk Factors for Brucellosis in Small Ruminants Kept at Institutional Livestock Farms in Punjab, Pakistan.

Brucellosis is reportedly endemic in ruminants in Pakistan. Both and infections have been decumented in domestic animals and humans in the country. This study aimed to identify the burden of anti- antibodies in small ruminants as well as associated potential risk factors with its occurrence at nine institutional livestock farms in Punjab, Pakistan.

Emergence of Harboring ST29 and ST11 in Veterinary Settings and Waste of Pakistan.

Introduction: Intense livestock farming practices enforcing the farmers to use antibiotics as food supplements on a routine basis. Aberrant use of antibiotics is associated with the emergence of antibiotics resistance and resistant superbugs. Keeping in view the current scenario, the present study was designed for the first time from Pakistan with a specific aim to estimate the prevalence of the carbapenem-resistant in veterinary settings and the waste in Pakistan.

Comparative Study of Protection against Newcastle Disease in Young Broilers Administered Natural Chicken Alpha Interferon via Oral and Intramuscular Routes.

Despite extensive vaccination approaches, Newcastle disease (ND) remains a permanent threat to the poultry industry worldwide. Besides vaccination, there is a burgeoning demand for new antivirals for use in interventions to control ND. One strategy is to strengthen the host innate immunity via host-derived innate immune proteins.

Anti-chicken type I IFN countermeasures by major avian RNA viruses.

Chicken type I interferons (type I IFNs) are key antiviral players of the chicken innate immune system and are considered potent antiviral agents against avian viral pathogens. Chicken type I IFNs are divided into three subtypes namely, chIFN-α, chIFN-β, and chIFN-κ. Viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) recognized by their corresponding specific PRRs (pattern recognition receptors) induce the expression of chicken type I IFNs.

Comprehensive network map of transcriptional activation of chicken type I IFNs and IFN-stimulated genes.

Chicken type I interferons (type I IFNs) are key antiviral players of the chicken immune system and mediate the first line of defense against viral pathogens infecting the avian species. Recognition of viral pathogens by specific pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) induce chicken type I IFNs expression followed by their subsequent interaction to IFN receptors and induction of a variety of IFN stimulated antiviral proteins. These antiviral effectors establish the antiviral state in neighboring cells and thus protect the host from infection.

Rational Design of Nanoporous MoS /VS Heteroarchitecture for Ultrahigh Performance Ammonia Sensors.

2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have received widespread interest by virtue of their excellent electrical, optical, and electrochemical characteristics. Recent studies on TMDs have revealed their versatile utilization as electrocatalysts, supercapacitors, battery materials, and sensors, etc. In this study, MoS nanosheets are successfully assembled on the porous VS (P-VS ) scaffold to form a MoS /VS heterostructure.

Prediction of Thermodynamically Stable Compounds of the Sc-N System under High Pressure.

Materials under high pressure often exhibit unusual physical and chemical behaviors. We investigated the Sc-N system under high pressure in the range of 0-110 GPa using variable-composition methodology implemented in Universal Structure Predictor: Evolutionary Xtallograpgy (USPEX) in conjunction with Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package (VASP). The calculation led to prediction of new thermodynamically stable compounds, ScN, ScN, ScN, and ScN, and also phase transition of ScN from triclinic to monoclinic at 104 GPa.

New stoichiometric compounds of Au-Hg system under high pressure.

We have extensively explored Au-Hg system under high pressure in the range of 0-300 GPa with and without spin-orbit coupling (SOC) inclusion. The variable-composition methodology has been used as employed in Universal Structure Predictor: Evolutionary Xtallograpgy (USPEX) in combination with Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP). We have predicted several thermodynamically stable stoichiometric compounds of Au-Hg system, i.

Antibiotic resistance: a rundown of a global crisis.

The advent of multidrug resistance among pathogenic bacteria is imperiling the worth of antibiotics, which have previously transformed medical sciences. The crisis of antimicrobial resistance has been ascribed to the misuse of these agents and due to unavailability of newer drugs attributable to exigent regulatory requirements and reduced financial inducements. Comprehensive efforts are needed to minimize the pace of resistance by studying emergent microorganisms, resistance mechanisms, and antimicrobial agents.

Association of Egg Mass and Egg Sex: Gene Expression Analysis from Maternal RNA in the Germinal Disc Region of Layer Hens (Gallus gallus).

Female birds have been shown to manipulate offspring sex ratio. However, mechanisms of sex ratio bias are not well understood. Reduced feed availability and change in body condition can affect the mass of eggs in birds that could lead to a skew in sex ratio.

Effect of corticosterone and hen body mass on primary sex ratio in laying hen (Gallus gallus), using unincubated eggs.

In various studies, chronic elevation of corticosterone levels in female birds under natural or experimental conditions resulted in female biased offspring sex ratios. In chicken, one study with injected corticosterone resulted in a male sex ratio bias. In the current study, we chronically elevated blood plasma corticosterone levels through corticosterone feeding (20 mg/kg feed) for 14 days using 30 chicken hens in each of treatment and control groups and studied the primary offspring sex ratio (here defined as the proportion of male fertile eggs determined in freshly laid eggs, i.