A Modified Johnson Cook Model-Based Kalman Filter Method to Determine the Hot Flow Behavior of Sustainable AA6082 Al Alloy.

AA6082 alloys play a significant role in advancing sustainable development goals (SDGs) by contributing to environmental sustainability, economic growth, and social well-being. These alloys are highly recyclable and align with SDG 12 by promoting resource efficiency and reducing waste. Their application in lightweight vehicles and improving energy efficiency in construction supports SDG 9 and SDG 11, as they help reduce carbon emissions and enhance the sustainability of urban environments.

Role of SOX10 Immunohistochemical Expression in Diagnosing Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Its Correlation With Clinicopathological Features.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses a diagnostic challenge for histopathologists due to the reduced frequency of breast-specific markers. SOX10 has emerged as a useful diagnostic marker for TNBC. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of SOX-10 immunohistochemical (IHC) expression in our cohort and assess its correlation with clinicopathological and histological features.

Mechanical Behavior of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) Parts with Varying Thicknesses in a Saline Environment under Different Exposure Times.

A promising method for additive manufacturing that makes it possible to produce intricate and personalized parts is selective laser melting (SLM). However, the mechanical properties of as-corroded SLM parts are still areas of concern. This research investigates the mechanical behavior of SLM parts that are exposed to a saline environment containing a 3.

Sustainable biosurfactant production from secondary feedstock-recent advances, process optimization and perspectives.

Biosurfactants have garnered increased attention lately due to their superiority of their properties over fossil-derived counterparts. While the cost of production remains a significant hurdle to surpass synthetic surfactants, biosurfactants have been anticipated to gain a larger market share in the coming decades. Among these, glycolipids, a type of low-molecular-weight biosurfactant, stand out for their efficacy in reducing surface and interfacial tension, which made them highly sought-after for various surfactant-related applications.

Nexus of food waste and climate change framework: Unravelling the links between impacts, projections, and emissions.

This communication explores the intricate relationship between food waste and climate change, considering aspects such as impacts, projections, and emissions. It focuses on the pressing issue of waste generation and its potential consequences if current trends persist, and emphasises the importance of efficient solid waste management in improving environmental quality and fostering economic development. It also highlights the challenges faced by developing countries in waste collection and disposal, drawing comparisons with the waste utilisation methods used by developed nations.

Identification of microplastics in raw and treated municipal solid waste landfill leachates in Hong Kong, China.

Plastics are indispensable in modern society but also pose a persistent threat to the environment. In particular, microplastics (MPs) have a substantial environmental impact on ecosystems. Municipal solid waste landfill leachates are a source of MPs, but leakage of MPs from leachates has only been reported in a few studies.

Physicochemical Properties and Simulation of Magnesium/Zinc Binary-Substituted Hydroxyapatite with Enhanced Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Ability.

Ionic substitution can effectively activate the surface of hydroxyapatite (HA) for bone repair and regeneration processes. Therefore in this study, magnesium (Mg)-, zinc (Zn)-, and Mg/Zn-codoped HA was prepared by a hydrothermal method. The results of experimental and first-principles calculations verify the existence of Mg and Zn ions in the HA structure by altering cell parameters, crystallinity, and particle size.

Enhancing methane production from anaerobic digestion of secondary sludge through lignosulfonate addition: Feasibility, mechanisms, and implications.

This study explores the feasibility of using lignosulfonate, a byproduct of the pulp and paper industry, to facilitate sludge anaerobic digestion. Biochemical methane potential assays revealed that the maximum methane production was achieved at 60 mg/g volatile solids (VS) lignosulfonate, 22.18 % higher than the control.

Corrosion Behavior and Bio-Functions of the Ultrafine-Grained Ti6Al4V-5Cu Alloy with a Dual-Phase Honeycomb Shell Structure in Simulated Body Fluid.

Titanium alloys are widely used in biomedical applications. However, cases of implant failure due to fatigue fracture and bacterial infection are common. In addition, implants are susceptible to metal ions (Al, V) released by long-term exposure to human body fluids, which causes neuropathy, mental disorders, and other diseases.

Role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in irritable bowel syndrome patients.

We conducted this study on patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome without identifiable stressors and replaced them with vitamin D supplements for 3 months. Almost 97 cases have repeated the vitamin D status that appeared to be sufficient, while 14 patients were missing data for follow-up. The advised option was intramuscular injection replacement but 34 out of 97 were taken oral route for replacement of Vitamin D and incidental finding is noted that serum vitamin D levels rise less in the oral group than in the intramuscular group.

Frequency and Antibiotics Sensitivity Pattern of Culture-Positive Salmonella Typhi in Children.

Objective: To calculate the frequency of positive blood culture in clinically diagnosed cases of enteric fever and antibiotic sensitivity patterns in culture-positive cases of S.typhi Study Design: Observational Study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Paediatrics Medicine, Services Hospital Lahore, from November 15th 2020 to May 15th 2021.

One-Step Solvothermal Synthesis by Ethylene Glycol to Produce N-rGO for Supercapacitor Applications.

Graphene and its derivatives have emerged as peerless electrode materials for energy storage applications due to their exclusive electroactive properties such as high chemical stability, wettability, high electrical conductivity, and high specific surface area. However, electrodes from graphene-based composites are still facing some substantial challenges to meet current energy demands. Here, we applied one-pot facile solvothermal synthesis to produce nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) nanoparticles using an organic solvent, ethylene glycol (EG), and introduced its application in supercapacitors.

Multi-Shaded Edible Films Based on Gelatin and Starch for the Packaging Applications.

Starch and gelatin are natural biopolymers that offer a variety of benefits and are available at relatively low costs. In addition to this, they are an appealing substitute for synthetic polymers for the manufacturing of packaging films. Such packaging films are not only biodegradable but are also edible.

Determinants of mental and financial health during COVID-19: Evidence from data of a developing country.

Mental and emotional issues are the top-level concerns of public health worldwide. These issues surged during Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic due to varied medical, social, and personal reasons. The social determinants highlighted in the literature mainly focus on household solutions rather than on increasing the financial wellbeing of individuals, especially for the most vulnerable groups where the psychological distress coming from the social inequalities cannot be entirely treated.

Role of inflammatory and hematological markers in predicting the complicated and perforated acute appendicitis in pediatric population: A cohort study.

Introduction: It is important to promptly assess the severity of appendicitis since late diagnosis can proceed towards perforation, peritonitis and sepsis. The main objective of this study is to decipher the ability of CRP, TLC and neutrophils in acute appendicitis to predict complications and perforation in pediatric age group.

Methods: This cohort study was conducted in the Pediatric Surgery Department of Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi.

COVID-19 infection among pregnant and non-pregnant women: Comparison of biochemical markers and outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic, A retrospective cohort study.

Background: & Objectives: We conducted this single-centered retrospective study including female patients infected with COVID-19 with aim to compare laboratory findings and the outcomes between pregnant and non-pregnant women infected with COVID-19. Previous data rendered pregnant women as vulnerable population for COVID-19

Methods: We included 131 patients in our analysis out of which 60 were pregnant females and rest 71 were non-pregnant females.

Results: Factors like fatigue, total leukocyte count (TLC) and neutrophils were higher in pregnant patients, while mean age, fever, hemoglobin, ferritin, D-dimer and use of mechanical ventilation was lower in pregnant patients as compared to non-pregnant females.

Integrated treatment of food waste with wastewater and sewage sludge: Energy and carbon footprint analysis with economic implications.

Food waste (FW) is a primary constituent of solid waste and its adequate management is a global challenge. Instead of disposal in landfills, integrated treatment of FW with wastewater (WW) can diminish both environmental and economic burdens. Utilizing steady-state modelling and life cycle assessment techniques, this study investigated the prospects of FW integration with biological WW treatment in terms of WW treatment performance, net energy and carbon footprint and economics of the process.

Effectiveness of community-based interpersonal communication for generating family planning demand in key groups.

Objective: The study aimed to document the impact of interpersonal communication (IPC) activities on increasing volume of family planning clients, new users, long term contraceptive uptake, post-partum, and post abortion family planning uptake at the associated health facilities of the Sabz Sitara Network.

Methodology: A comparative secondary analysis of retrospective programme service delivery data from two groups of providers was performed. The exposure variable is defined as receipt of IPC.

Effect of Nitrogen Doping on the Optical Bandgap and Electrical Conductivity of Nitrogen-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide.

Graphene as a material for optoelectronic design applications has been significantly restricted owing to zero bandgap and non-compatible handling procedures compared with regular microelectronic ones. In this work, nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) with tunable optical bandgap and enhanced electrical conductivity was synthesized via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The properties of the synthesized N-rGO were determined using XPS, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, UV/vis, as well as FESEM techniques.

Multivariate Analysis Coupled with M-SVM Classification for Lard Adulteration Detection in Meat Mixtures of Beef, Lamb, and Chicken Using FTIR Spectroscopy.

Adulteration of meat products is a delicate issue for people around the globe. The mixing of lard in meat causes a significant problem for end users who are sensitive to halal meat consumption. Due to the highly similar lipid profiles of meat species, the identification of adulteration becomes more difficult.

Associated Factors With Uremic Pruritus in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: A Single-Center Observational Study.

Background and objectives Uremic pruritus is a recurrent and delicate manifestation in patients suffering from end-stage renal disease. It is a consequence of multiple factors, primarily comprising of metabolic factors and complement activation along with interleukins. The objective of our study was to find out the associated factors of uremic pruritus in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Role of Intravenous Magnesium Sulphate in Term Neonates with Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) in a Low-income Country: A Randomised Clinical Trial.

Objective: To determine the effects of magnesium sulphate in term neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in reducing mortality and morbidity.

Study Design: Randomised clinical trial.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Neonatology, Services Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from April to December 2019.

Microbiological and antimicrobial pattern of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) at a tertiary care center in North East, Punjab.

Objective: To determine the pattern of antimicrobial sensitivity of common microorganisms isolated from diabetic foot infections.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from January to August 2019 at the Diabetes and Footcare Clinic, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised deep-seated tissue samples from the ulcer bed that were tested for culture and sensitivity. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.

Anaerobic self-forming dynamic membrane bioreactors (AnSFDMBRs) for wastewater treatment - Recent advances, process optimization and perspectives.

Recently, anaerobic self-forming dynamic membrane bioreactors (AnSFDMBRs) have attracted increasing attention, and are considered as an alternative to conventional anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs). The key advantages of AnSFDMBRs include high flux, low propensity towards fouling, and low capital and operational costs. Although there have been several reviews on AnMBRs, very few reviews on AnSFDMBR system.

Mechanical, Biological, and Antibacterial Characteristics of Plasma-Sprayed (Sr,Zn) Substituted Hydroxyapatite Coating.

Implant-related infections are a major concern in total joint prostheses, occurring up to 3% in operations. In this work, 5% Zn was added in HA to offset bacterial activity and 5% Sr was also incorporated as a binary dopant to reduce the cytotoxic effect of Zn. The nanosized HA powder was synthesized by the hydrothermal method and then heat-treated at 600 °C for 4 h.