Pros and cons of live kidney donation in prediabetics: A critical review and way forward.

There is shortage of organs, including kidneys, worldwide. Along with deceased kidney transplantation, there is a significant rise in live kidney donation. The prevalence of prediabetes (PD), including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, is on the rise across the globe.

Factors Predictive of Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With COVID-19 in Brunei Darussalam.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients affects their health outcomes. Incidence and outcomes varied in the literature, particularly with different population and epidemiological demographics. Data remain scarce in the Southeast Asia region.

Refractory Statin-Induced Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myositis: Challenges and Perils in Its Management.

Statin or 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) inhibitor is widely used and plays a vital role in the management of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Statin is generally safe and its side effects are mostly mild and self-limiting. Immune-mediated necrotizing myositis (IMNM) is a rare and serious side effect characterized by the presence of anti-HMGCR inhibitor and myositis.

Factors Associated with Participation in Stool Based Colorectal Screening in Brunei Darussalam.

Introduction: Colorectal cancers (CRC) continues to increase worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. CRC can be prevented through early detection using several modalities. However, like any screening program participation remains suboptimal.

Pros and Cons of Aspirin Prophylaxis for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Kidney Transplantation and Review of Evidence.

Kidney transplant recipients have traditional and nontraditional risk factors which can lead to coronary artery disease and sudden death with a functional graft loss. Aspirin has been used traditionally for prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents. It has beneficial effects in secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in general population.

Outbreak of nonfermentative Gram-negative bacteria (Ralstonia pickettii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) in a hemodialysis center.

We report a case series of seven patients with nonfermentative Gram-negative bacteria infections in a single dialysis center; four patients with Ralstonia pickettii and three patients with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Two of the seven patients were admitted to hospital for intravenous antibiotic treatment, while the rest were treated with oral antibiotics at home. Both the admitted patients had temporary vascular catheter infections from the aforementioned pathogens.

A fatal case of Ortner's syndrome and dysphagia aortica secondary to rapidly expanding mycotic thoracic aortic aneurysm in a chronic kidney disease patient.

Ortner's syndrome or cardiovocal syndrome is a rare condition and refers to the association between cardiovascular conditions, usually cardiac enlargement from mitral stenosis, and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. We reported an interesting case of a patient with end-stage renal disease on regular dialysis who developed both Ortner's syndrome and dysphagia aortica as a result of an aortic arch aneurysm. The aneurysm underwent a rapid increase in size, likely as a result of infection (mycotic aneurysm) from an internal jugular dialysis catheter.

Drug-Induced Hematological Cytopenia in Kidney Transplantation and the Challenges It Poses for Kidney Transplant Physicians.

Drug-induced hematological cytopenia is common in kidney transplantation. Various cytopenia including leucopenia (neutropenia), thrombocytopenia, and anemia can occur in kidney transplant recipients. Persistent severe leucopenia or neutropenia can lead to opportunistic infections of various etiologies.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Brunei-Malay SF-36 version 2 Health Survey.

Objectives: To culturally adapt the Short Form Health-36 version 2 (SF-36v2) into the Brunei-Malay context and determine its reliability and validity for measuring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in healthy individuals and patients with chronic kidney disease in Brunei Darussalam. Methods: An iterative multistep strategy involving setting up a bilingual expert panel, pretesting, text revision and back translation was used to prepare the Brunei-Malay SF-36v2 as an adaptation from the Malaysian-Malay SF-36v2. The Brunei-Malay SF-36v2 was then self-administered to a sample of healthy individuals (n=95) and predialysis chronic kidney disease outpatients (n=95) resident in Brunei.

Factors Affecting Inpatient Mortality in Elderly People with Acute Kidney Injury.

Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is common in elderly people (EP). There is paucity of data on predictor of mortality in EP with AKI.

Objective: This study was done to know more about factors associated with inpatient mortality in EP with AKI.

A comparative study to evaluate factors that influence survival in multidisciplinary predialysis educated patients and "Crashlanders".

Integrated multidisciplinary predialysis education (MPE) is usually provided to support and prepare the pre-end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients before the initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT). However, the impact of MPE is not known in our population, which is comprised patients of Asian origins and recipients of a totally subsidized health-care system. This research compared the survival probability, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics of MPE patients and non-MPE patients (or crashlanders).

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis and Anasarca in a Female Patient with Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome Complicated by Respiratory and Kidney Failure.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) was first described in 1960. It may occur as a complication of gonadotropin hormone therapy during assisted pregnancy or for primary infertility. A 26-year-old female patient with polycystic ovarian syndrome and primary infertility was treated to conceive.

Recurrent Brachiocephalic Vein Stenosis as a Cause for Persistent Left-sided Transudative Pleural Effusion in a Hemodialysis Patient.

Background: Effusion is common in dialysis patients. The most common causes include fluid overload due to renal failure and nonrenal causes like congestive heart failure and infection. We here report a case of left side transudative effusion due to brachiocephalic venous stenosis.

Chronic kidney disease in children and adolescents in Brunei Darussalam.

Aim: To determine epidemiology of Bruneian paediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and factors that affect growth and progression of disease.

Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted on all children below 18 years old who were diagnosed with CKD over a ten year period (2004 to 2013). The reference population was all children (< 18 years old) suffering from CKD and attending the tertiary paediatric nephrology clinic in Brunei Darussalam.

Outcomes of Renal Transplantation in Brunei Darussalam over a Twenty-Year Period (1993-2012).

Objectives. Brunei Darussalam has a high prevalence and incidence of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Up until 2012, all renal transplantations were performed in overseas centres, either as government-sponsored (living-related transplantation) or as self-sponsored (commercialized transplantation) ones.

Predictors of hospital stay and mortality in dengue virus infection-experience from Aga Khan University Hospital Pakistan.

Background: Dengue virus infection (DVI) is very common infection. There is scarcity of data on factor associated with increased hospital stay and mortality in dengue virus infection (DVI). This study was done to know about factors associated with increased hospital stay and mortality in patients admitted with DVI.

Acute kidney injury in lymphoma: a single centre experience.

Background. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common but least studied complication of lymphoma. Objective.

A rare case of Aeromonas hydrophila catheter related sepsis in a patient with chronic kidney disease receiving steroids and dialysis: a case report and review of Aeromonas infections in chronic kidney disease patients.

Aeromonas hydrophila (AH) is an aquatic bacterium. We present a case of fifty-five-year-old gentleman with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to crescentic IgA nephropathy who presented to us with fever. He was recently pulsed with methyl prednisolone followed by oral prednisolone and discharged on maintenance dialysis through a double lumen dialysis catheter.

Acute kidney injury in dengue virus infection.

Background: Dengue is a growing public health problem in Pakistan and acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the least studied complications of dengue virus infection (DVI). The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, severity and predictors of AKI in patients with DVI and to study the impact of AKI on the length of hospital stay and mortality.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients aged ≥14 years hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of DVI at Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi between January 2008 and December 2010.

Aetiology, maternal and foetal outcome in 60 cases of obstetrical acute renal failure.

Background: Acute renal failure is a serious complication in pregnancy. Not only does it result in significant maternal morbidity and mortality but also results in significant number of foetal loss. Although incidence of obstetrical acute renal failure has decreased in developed countries but still it is one of the major health problem of developing nations.