Antibiotic Choices for Pediatric Periorbital Cellulitis-A 20-Year Retrospective Study from Taiwan.

The delayed treatment of pediatric periorbital cellulitis may have severe consequences. In addition, the antibiotic efficacy against causative bacteria may change over time, and it is important to understand the appropriate antibiotic options for effective treatment in pediatric patients. We compared the changes in cultured bacteria and drug susceptibility tests between two decades, 2010-2019 and 2000-2009, to establish antibiotics for empirical use.

Using diffuse weighted image and apparent diffusion coefficient in MRI for diagnosis of posterior ischemic optic neuropathy in a young male: a case report and literature review.

Background: Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (PION) is a rare cause of visual loss, especially in young patients who are more prone to inflammatory demyelinating optic neuritis (ON) compared to other types of optic neuropathy. The diagnosis of PION is usually a diagnosis of exclusion; however, the emergence of modern neuroimaging technique with diffuse-weighted image (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) sequences in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides more evidence for accurate diagnosis and management.

Case Presentation: A 30-year-old man with a history of hypertension and chronic renal failure secondary to glomerulonephritis presented with sudden onset of blurred vision, dyschromatopsia, pain, and positive relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) in the left eye for 1 week.

Factors related to amblyopia in congenital ptosis after frontalis sling surgery.

Background: Amblyopia is a main concern in children undergoing frontalis sling surgery for repairing congenital ptosis. This study aimed to evaluate factors related to amblyopia in children undergoing frontalis sling surgery.

Methods: IRB-approved retrospective review of children under the age of 12 who received frontalis sling surgery.

Surgical results for consecutive exotropia.

Purpose: To evaluate the surgical results of medial rectus (MR) muscle advancement with or without recession of the antagonist muscle for consecutive exotropia.

Methods: Medical records of patients with consecutive exotropia ( = 27) were retrospectively reviewed. All patients received one-eye surgery with MR advancement, lateral rectus (LR) recession, or combined surgery.

Y-splitting with recession of lateral rectus versus lateral rectus recession in correcting upshoot in Duane retraction syndrome.

Purpose: To report the surgical effect in upshoot of Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) with corecession of horizontal rectus muscles with or without Y-splitting.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review of six patients of DRS received muscle surgeries for upshoot in adducted position was performed.

Results: From 1994 to 2010, six Duane patients received muscle surgeries for upshoots of lesion eye in adduction.

Incidence and prognostic factor of ethambutol-related optic neuropathy: 10-year experience in southern Taiwan.

To investigate the incidence and prognostic factors of ethambutol-related optic neuropathy (EON) in one medical center of southern Taiwan, a retrospective chart review study with 4803 newly diagnosed tuberculosis cases from January 2002 to July 2011 at one medical center hospital in southern Taiwan were reviewed. Of these patients, 1004 had ophthalmic records. Sixty-two cases (1.

Ocular adnexal lymphoma: Five case reports and a literature review.

This article reports the clinical course and treatment of ocular adnexal lymphoma based on a retrospective review of five cases with a histologically approved ocular adnexal lymphoma at Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital over 10 years. Extranodal B-cell lymphoma in the orbit, lacrimal gland, eyelid, or conjunctiva was found in these patients. Four of them were female, and they were aged 45-64 years.

Elevated white blood cell count may predict risk of orbital implant exposure.

Objective: To determine the risk factors for primary implant exposure after enucleation and evisceration in infected eyes.

Design: Retrospective, comparative case series.

Participants: Patients who underwent enucleation or evisceration for infected eyes.

Ocular sparganosis mimicking an orbital idiopathic inflammatory syndrome.

Sparganosis is an infection by the parasitic tapeworm larvae of Spirometra species. Ocular sparganosis is a rare disease that is easily misdiagnosed. We reported a rare case of ocular sparganosis mimicking orbital idiopathic inflammatory syndrome at initial presentation.

Acquired paralytic strabismus in Southern Taiwan.

Background: Third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerve (CN3, CN4, and CN6) palsies are not uncommon in neuro-ophthalmology. The time and quality of recovery depend on the causes of the cranial nerve palsy. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the causes and outcome of acquired paralytic strabismus (PS) in a southern Taiwan population.

Surgical treatment of acquired esotropia in patients with high myopia.

Acquired esotropia with high myopia may be associated with superotemporal eyeball prolapse from the muscle cone and the subsequent shift of extraocular muscles limits the success of the traditional recession-resection surgery. In this study, we report two patients diagnosed with myopic strabismus fixus with esodeviation >90 prism diopter. Marked axial elongation of globes was present in both the patients.

Extensive alveolar-type paranasal sinus and orbit rhabdomyosarcoma with intracranial invasion treated successfully.

We report a case of extensive paranasal sinus and orbit rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) with intra-cranial invasion treated successfully with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A 13-years-old male patient complained of painless and progressive proptosis of his left eye for two weeks. Ocular examination showed elevated intraocular pressure, limited extraocular movement, proptosis, and conjunctival ciliary injection in the left eye.

Manifested strabismus in a case of Apert syndrome.

A full-term female baby was diagnosed as having Apert syndrome with craniosynostosis, hypertelorism, syndactyly, polydactyly, and cleft plate. At her first ophthalmic visit at 8 months old, she was noted to have bilateral exophthalmos with epiblepharon on her lower lids, exotropia, and right inferior oblique muscle overaction (IOOA) and manifested right dissociated vertical deviation (DVD). There was no keratopathy or optic neuropathy.

Age influences the severity of Graves' ophthalmopathy.

This study compared the ocular manifestations of Graves' disease in different age groups and between genders. This was a retrospective study with a chart review of 210 patients seen in the Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Ophthalmology Department from 1990 to 2006. Clinical manifestations were recorded, scored, and compared between different age groups and between genders.

Ketoconazole-evoked [Ca2+]i rises and non-Ca2+-triggered cell death in rabbit corneal epithelial cells (SIRC).

The effect of ketoconazole on cytosolic free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) and proliferation has not been explored in corneal cells. This study examined whether ketoconazole alters Ca2+ levels and causes cell death in SIRC rabbit corneal epithelial cells. [Ca2+]i and cell viability were measured by using the fluorescent dyes fura-2 and WST-1, respectively.

Nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy.

Background: To describe the systemic and visual characteristics and prognosis in patients with nonarteritic ischemicoptic neuropathy (NAION) undergoing different treatments.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed in Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital patients from 1995-2005 with a clinical diagnosis of NAION, including nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (PION). There were 14 PION patients out of a total of 103 cases.

A suprasellar meningioma simulating atypical retrobulbar optic neuritis.

A 39-year-old female came with the chief complaint of acute decrease of left eye vision for the past 2 weeks. No history of systemic diseases or headache was complained. The visual acuity of the left eye was "hand motion", and rapidly responded to methylprednisolone therapy in 3 days.

Optic neuritis: clinical analysis of 27 cases.

We retrospectively reviewed 27 cases diagnosed as idiopathic optic neuritis between 1992 and 2001 at Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital to assess the clinical features, visual prognosis, neuroimaging, laboratory studies, and development of multiple sclerosis in Chinese patients with optic neuritis. Patient age ranged from 13 to 54 years (mean, 35.8 +/- 11.

The anti-anginal drug fendiline elevates cytosolic Ca(2+) in rabbit corneal epithelial cells.

The effect of the anti-anginal drug fendiline on intracellular free Ca(2+) levels ([Ca(2+)](i)) in a rabbit corneal epithelial cell line (SIRC) was explored using fura-2 as a fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator. At a concentration above 1 microM, fendiline increased [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC(50) value of 7 microM. The [Ca(2+)](i) response consisted of an immediate rise and an elevated phase.

Effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid on intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations in C6 glioma cells.

The effect of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) on Ca(2+) signaling in C6 glioma cells has been investigated. NDGA (5-100 microM) increased [Ca(2+)]i concentration-dependently. The [Ca(2+)]i increase comprised an initial rise and an elevated phase over a time period of 4 min.