Publications by authors named "Mugisha J"
Background: People with disability are a vulnerable population and are at a high risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Objectives: We investigated the association between severity of disability and not having knowledge of any HIV prevention method among adults in Uganda.
Method: Between January 2015 and December 2015, data were collected within a general population in Uganda, on six domains of disability based on the Washington Group Short Set on Functioning.
Objectives: Depression among the elderly is a significant public health concern in Uganda, where cultural, social, and healthcare-related barriers hinder access to treatment and support. This study examines the barriers to mental health service access faced by elderly service-users in Uganda.
Method: Using an interpretive phenomenological approach, in-depth interviews were conducted to capture the lived experiences of elderly Baganda service users receiving treatment at Butabika National Referral and Teaching hospital.
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious transboundary viral disease of small ruminants with significant economic implications caused by the Peste des Petits Ruminants virus. This study employs mathematical modeling to investigate the impact of imperfect PPR vaccines and restocked small ruminants on the transmission dynamics of PPR. A deterministic mathematical model is developed by incorporating vaccinated and restocked subpopulations into the classical SEIR model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among men in the world. Uganda and Zimbabwe have been reported to have highest incidence rates of prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. There are no urologists and no prostate cancer diagnostic facilities in rural communities in south western Uganda.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdolescents with intellectual disability (ID) are often deficient in knowledge about HIV/AIDS. This pilot study evaluated the impact and acceptability of an HIV education intervention for adolescents with mild-to-moderate ID delivered in a peri-urban setting in Uganda. This quasi-experimental study involved 60 adolescents with mild to moderate ID evenly split between the intervention and control groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ongoing outbreak of Marburg virus disease in Rwanda marks the third largest historically, although it has shown the lowest fatality rate. Genomic analysis of samples from 18 cases identified a lineage with limited internal diversity, closely related to a 2014 Ugandan case. Our findings suggest that the Rwandan lineage diverged decades ago from a common ancestor shared with diversity sampled from bats in Uganda.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Depression and anxiety during pregnancy and after childbirth are significant public health issues in Uganda, but there is limited data on their prevalence and risk factors.
- A study conducted in 2022 involving 517 women at perinatal clinics found that the prevalence of perinatal depression was 10.6%, with higher rates during pregnancy and after childbirth, while anxiety was less common at 1.7%.
- Factors like adequate partner support reduced the risk of antepartum depression, while a history of mental illness increased postpartum depression risk, stressing the need for psychosocial screening in perinatal care.
Objective: To identify the COVID-19 pandemic impact on well-being/mental health, coping strategies, and risk factors in adolescents worldwide.
Method: This study was based on an anonymous online multi-national/multi-language survey in the general population (representative/weighted non-representative samples, 14-17 years of age), measuring change in well-being (World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index [WHO-5]/range = 0-100) and psychopathology (validated composite P-score/range = 0-100), WHO-5 <50 and <29, pre- vs during COVID-19 pandemic (April 26, 2020-June 26, 2022). Coping strategies and 9 a priori- defined individual/cumulative risk factors were measured.
Introduction: school-based physical activity (PA) programs such as The Daily Mile (TDM) might be vital in the prevention and treatment of mental health problems in adolescents in low-income countries. The aim of this single-arm non-controlled pilot intervention study was to investigate TDM on symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescents aged 16-17 years in Uganda.
Methods: The Daily Mile (TDM) took place between February and April 2022.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Abnormal Cerebroplacental Ratio Among Women With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Southwestern Uganda.
J Pregnancy
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- * A study at MRRH from December 2022 to May 2023 evaluated 128 women with HDP, revealing that 52.3% had abnormal CPR, particularly those suffering from severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, which were linked to a higher risk of abnormal CPR.
- * The study suggests that obstetric Doppler studies evaluating CPR should be
Introduction: High maternal and newborn mortality rates in Sub-Saharan Africa indicate the need for global action interventions. Thus, the clinic cooperation midwife exchange with Uganda (MEWU) between Hannover Medical School and Mutolere Hospital, Uganda, was founded. This study, as the first intervention within the MEWU framework, explored whether a web-based approach is suitable for developing, training, and establishing standard operating procedures (SOPs) at Mutolere Hospital.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA deterministic model with an optimal control framework is formulated to analyse the cost-effectiveness of intervention measures used to control Fasciola hepatica in cattle populations. Using the Volterra-Lyapunov stability method, it is noted that the model is globally stable at the endemic equilibrium point. The Pontryagin maximum principle has been applied to determine optimal disease control conditions, including strategies such as pasture management, treatment of infected cattle, and molluscicide use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study addresses the rising prevalence of dementia in low- and middle-income countries, specifically focusing on older Ugandans, while highlighting the unique risk factors in African populations compared to global trends.
- It employs innovative blood-based and retinal imaging biomarkers to investigate the causes of dementia and assess the complex needs of affected individuals for better support services.
- By integrating cognitive screenings and detailed assessments, the research aims to enhance understanding of dementia and identify barriers to care within existing support structures in Uganda.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how HIV infection within a household affects the shedding of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) among individuals.
- Out of 469 enrolled individuals from 90 households, 44% were found to be KSHV shedders, with a notable link between the number of KSHV-positive household members and the likelihood of shedding.
- Findings indicate that younger individuals (ages 10-19) are more likely to consistently shed KSHV and have higher viral loads, especially in households with people living with HIV.
Article Synopsis
- The COH-FIT study is a large, multi-country survey aimed at identifying factors affecting wellbeing and mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic, involving a representative sample of 121,066 adults.
- Researchers analyzed both modifiable (like coping strategies and pre-pandemic stress) and non-modifiable factors (such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status), finding significant negative effects on wellbeing and psychopathology scores during the pandemic.
- The study identified 15 modifiable and 9 non-modifiable risk factors, alongside 13 modifiable and 3 non-modifiable protective factors, emphasizing the importance of social support and coping strategies in mental health outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed how HIV infection in households affects the shedding of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) among participants, involving 469 individuals from 90 households sampled over three months.
- Out of 340 KSHV seropositive individuals, 44% were found to be ever shedders, with a notable association between the number of KSHV-positive household members and the likelihood of shedding.
- The findings revealed that younger individuals (ages 10-19) were more often consistent shedders, and both higher viral loads and shedding rates were linked to increased household members and the presence of individuals living with HIV.
Article Synopsis
- There is a lack of comprehensive international studies examining multidimensional mental health and wellbeing before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly identifying at-risk groups and effective coping strategies.
- The COH-FIT survey, conducted from April 2020 to June 2022 in 30 languages, assessed changes in well-being and psychopathology among over 121,000 participants, revealing significant declines in mental health during the pandemic.
- Key findings indicated that certain demographics, such as young adults and people in low-income countries, were particularly affected, while coping strategies like exercise, internet use, and maintaining social contacts emerged as the most effective for managing stress.
Article Synopsis
- The Tandika PrEP study examined the initiation and adherence of Tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (F/TAF) pre-exposure prophylaxis among transgender women in Uganda, focusing on same-day initiation, drug-level feedback, and combined STI services.
- Interviews revealed that the convenience of urine testing for both F/TAF and STI detection encouraged adherence, as participants appreciated F/TAF's lower stigmatization compared to traditional HIV medications and viewed weight gain positively.
- The study highlighted that support from healthcare workers and peer engagement motivated consistent PrEP use, indicating that integrated PrEP and STI care can enhance healthcare access for this vulnerable population.
Article Synopsis
- - Genetics research has the potential to improve mental health treatment in low- and middle-income countries by identifying new drug targets, but there's a lack of genetic data from Africa, which the Uganda Genome Resource aims to address.
- - In a study of 985 Ugandan participants, the prevalence rates for various mental disorders were established, revealing significant findings: 19.3% current Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and 10.6% suicidality, among others, marking the first assessment of probable ADHD in this population.
- - Notable associations were found linking demographic and health factors to mental disorders; for example, sex correlated with alcohol abuse and Generalized Anxiety Disorder, while issues such as body mass index and high
Introduction: Adherence counselling with point-of-care (POC) drug-level feedback using a novel tenofovir assay may support pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence; however, perceptions of urine testing and its impact on adherence are not well studied. We qualitatively examined how POC tenofovir testing was experienced by transgender women (TGW) in Uganda.
Methods: Within a cluster randomized trial of peer-delivered HIV self-testing, self-sampling for sexually transmitted infections and PrEP among HIV-negative TGW showing overall low PrEP prevention-effective adherence (NCT04328025), we conducted a nested qualitative sub-study of the urine POC assay among a random sample of 30 TGW (August 2021-February 2022).
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the potential benefits of decentralizing childhood tuberculosis diagnosis to lower health system levels, aiming to improve case detection and reduce under-diagnosis.
- It compares two strategies: one focused on district hospitals and another on primary health centers, against the standard of care across six countries.
- The results indicate that while the district hospital approach may be more cost-effective in some settings, both strategies require significant budget increases for implementation, varying by country.
Article Synopsis
- Childhood tuberculosis (TB) is often underdiagnosed due to low awareness and limited access to necessary diagnostic tools in healthcare settings.
- An operational research study in several African and Asian countries tested a comprehensive diagnostic approach by decentralizing TB diagnostics to district hospitals and primary health centers for children under 15 years old.
- The intervention significantly increased TB detection rates, with diagnoses rising from 0.08% pre-intervention to 0.23% during the intervention, highlighting the effectiveness of decentralized health services.