A telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome of provides insights into the molecular mechanism underlying petal shape changes.

, an arbor tree of the Oleaceae family, is an ecologically and economically valuable ornamental plant for its remarkable adaptability in landscaping. During breeding, we observed diverse floral shapes; however, no available genome for has hindered the widespread identification of genes related to flower morphology. Thus, a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free genome was generated.

Genome-wide identification and analysis of the SUPPRESSOR of MAX2 1-LIKE gene family and its interaction with DWARF14 in poplar.

Background: Strigolactones (SLs) are important phytohormones that can regulate branch development in plants. Although SUPPRESSOR of MAX2 1-LIKE proteins (SMXLs) play a crucial role in SL signaling transduction, the SMXL gene family has not been well characterized in poplar.

Results: In this study, 12 members of the poplar SMXL gene family were identified and phylogenetically classified into four clades.

Conversion of Cellulose into Formic Acid by Iron(III)-Catalyzed Oxidation with O in Acidic Aqueous Solutions.

The conversion of abundant renewable cellulose into versatile formic acid (FA) is a potential process for efficient energy storage and application. Vanadium(V)-catalyzed oxidation with O in acidic aqueous media now is the most common method to realize the FA production from cellulose with both high yields and high purity. However, vanadium-based catalysts are difficult to synthesize and expensive.

Successive C1-C2 bond cleavage: the mechanism of vanadium(v)-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of d-glucose to formic acid in aqueous solution.

Vanadium(v)-catalyzed aerobic oxidation in aqueous solution shows high selectivity in the field of C-C bond cleavage of carbohydrates for chemicals with less carbon atoms. However, the pathway of C-C bond cleavage from carbohydrates and the conversion mechanism are unclear. In this work, we studied the pathway and the mechanism of d-glucose oxidation to formic acid (FA) in NaVO3-H2SO4 aqueous solution using isotope-labeled glucoses as substrates.

Improvement of the selectivity of isophorone hydrogenation by Lewis acids.

The selective hydrogenation of isophorone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2- cyclohexen-1-one) to produce 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone (TMCH), an important organic solvent and pharmaceutical intermediate, is of significance in industry. However, the over-hydrogenation to produce the by-product 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol causes issues. Up to now, it is still a challenge to hydrogenate isophorone to TMCH with high selectivity.

Separation of the isomers of benzene poly(carboxylic acid)s by quaternary ammonium salt via formation of deep eutectic solvents.

Because of similar properties and very low volatility, isomers of benzene poly(carboxylic acid)s (BPCAs) are very difficult to separate. In this work, we found that isomers of BPCAs could be separated efficiently by quaternary ammonium salts (QASs) via formation of deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Three kinds of QASs were used to separate the isomers of BPCAs, including the isomers of benzene tricarboxylic acids (trimellitic acid, trimesic acid, and hemimellitic acid) and the isomers of benzene dicarboxylic acids (phthalic acid and isophthalic acid).

Pretreatment of wheat straw using SO2 dissolved in hot water.

Efficient pretreatment is important for complete enzymatic conversion of lignocellulosic materials. Pretreatment of wheat straw with sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) dissolved in hot water achieved xylose and total product yields of up to 61.1% and 93.