Integrated multimodal cell atlas of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in older adults. Although AD progression is characterized by stereotyped accumulation of proteinopathies, the affected cellular populations remain understudied. Here we use multiomics, spatial genomics and reference atlases from the BRAIN Initiative to study middle temporal gyrus cell types in 84 donors with varying AD pathologies.

SEA-AD is a multimodal cellular atlas and resource for Alzheimer's disease.

The Seattle Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Cell Atlas (SEA-AD) is a multifaceted open data resource designed to identify cellular and molecular pathologies that underlie Alzheimer’s disease. Integrating neuropathology, single cell and spatial genomics, and longitudinal clinical metadata, SEA-AD is a unique resource for studying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s and related dementias.

Enhancer AAV toolbox for accessing and perturbing striatal cell types and circuits.

We present an enhancer AAV toolbox for accessing and perturbing striatal cell types and circuits. Best-in-class vectors were curated for accessing major striatal neuron populations including medium spiny neurons (MSNs), direct and indirect pathway MSNs, as well as Sst-Chodl, Pvalb-Pthlh, and cholinergic interneurons. Specificity was evaluated by multiple modes of molecular validation, three different routes of virus delivery, and with diverse transgene cargos.

Clinical profile, treatment patterns and one-year outcome of heart failure patients admitted in tertiary care hospital of North India.

Introduction: Because of wide heterogeneity in the epidemiology of heart failure among different populations, it is imperative to establish population-specific databases.

Aims And Objectives: To describe the clinical profile, treatment patterns, and outcomes of heart failure patients admitted to our tertiary care hospital.

Material And Methods: The study was a prospective observational study conducted over two years at our tertiary care hospital.

Enzymatic hydrolysis method for development of low glycemic index rice flour from temperate grown rice (var. Jehlum): Numerical optimization, rheological and spectroscopic characteristics.

This study aimed at optimizing process protocols for development of low glycemic index (GI) rice flour (LGIRF) by employing enzymatic hydrolysis method using central composite rotatable design (CCRD). LGIRF was evaluated for pasting, farinographic, spectroscopic and microbiological attributes. Independent variables for optimization included concentrations of α-amylase (0.

Psychological challenges and quality of life in Pakistani parents of children living with thalassemia.

Purpose: Children living with thalassemia experience psychological challenges, but despite significant psychosocial burdens, caregivers' psychological wellbeing and quality of life remain understudied, particularly in lower-and-middle-income countries.

Design And Method: The current study evaluated these relationships in 100 male and female Pakistani caregivers (23-45 years; 61% female) using Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale and the Singapore Caregiver Quality of Life Scale. Caregivers completed questionnaires during regularly scheduled clinic visits for their child.

A high-resolution transcriptomic and spatial atlas of cell types in the whole mouse brain.

The mammalian brain consists of millions to billions of cells that are organized into many cell types with specific spatial distribution patterns and structural and functional properties. Here we report a comprehensive and high-resolution transcriptomic and spatial cell-type atlas for the whole adult mouse brain. The cell-type atlas was created by combining a single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset of around 7 million cells profiled (approximately 4.

A guide to the BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network data ecosystem.

Characterizing cellular diversity at different levels of biological organization and across data modalities is a prerequisite to understanding the function of cell types in the brain. Classification of neurons is also essential to manipulate cell types in controlled ways and to understand their variation and vulnerability in brain disorders. The BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN) is an integrated network of data-generating centers, data archives, and data standards developers, with the goal of systematic multimodal brain cell type profiling and characterization.

The contribution of initial concussive forces and resulting acrolein surge to β-amyloid accumulation and functional alterations in neuronal networks using a TBI-on-a-chip model.

Trauma-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rapidly emerging as a major consequence of traumatic brain injuries (TBI), with devastating social and economic impacts. Unfortunately, few treatment options are currently available due to a limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms. A clinically-relevant, experimental model that emulates scenarios with high levels of spatial and temporal resolution is critical for demystifying the pathways of post-TBI AD.

Unsaturated Polyester Resin Filled with Cementitious Materials: A Comprehensive Study of Filler Loading Impact on Mechanical Properties, Microstructure, and Water Absorption.

In recent years, cheaply available cementitious materials (CMs) are increasingly finding useful applications in construction engineering. This manuscript focused on the development and fabrication of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR)/cementitious material composites to be potentially useful in a variety of construction applications. For this purpose, five types of powders from widely available fillers, i.

Integrated multimodal cell atlas of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in older adults. Neuropathological and imaging studies have demonstrated a progressive and stereotyped accumulation of protein aggregates, but the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms driving AD progression and vulnerable cell populations affected by disease remain coarsely understood. The current study harnesses single cell and spatial genomics tools and knowledge from the BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network to understand the impact of disease progression on middle temporal gyrus cell types.

Anti-Infective Secondary Metabolites of the Marine Cyanobacterium Morphotype between 1979 and 2022.

Cyanobacteria ascribed to the genus (Family Oscillatoriaceae) represent a potential therapeutic gold mine of chemically and biologically diverse natural products that exhibit a wide array of biological properties. Phylogenetic analyses have established the 'morpho-type' as a highly polyphyletic group and have resulted in taxonomic revision and description of an additional six new cyanobacterial genera in the same family to date. Among the most prolific marine cyanobacterial producers of biologically active compounds are the species (previously then ) (previously ), and .

Study of Peripheral Mononuclear Cells and CD34 Levels as a Predictive Marker for Initiating Apheresis in Autologous Stem Cell Transplant.

: Autologous HCT in multiple myeloma is done as upfront treatment in newly diagnosed transplant eligible patients after induction chemotherapy. In addition, it is standard for relapsed, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and is curative in ~40% to 45% of patients. Over a decade, many efforts were made to find helpful parameters to predict an optimal time for initiating an efficient peripheral blood stem cell collection so that adequate stem cells are collected.

Combination Strategies to Augment Immune Check Point Inhibitors Efficacy - Implications for Translational Research.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has revolutionized the field of cancer immunotherapy. Even though it has shown a durable response in some solid tumors, several patients do not respond to these agents, irrespective of predictive biomarker (PD-L1, MSI, TMB) status. Multiple preclinical, as well as early-phase clinical studies are ongoing for combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with anti-cancer and/or non-anti-cancer drugs for beneficial therapeutic interactions.

Neuropsychological functioning in children with and without specific learning disorder.

Objective: To investigate neuropsychological functioning in children with and without Specific Learning Disorder.

Methods: The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in schools affiliated with Punjab Education Foundation, Gujrat, Pakistan, from January -to June 2019, and comprised children diagnosed with Specific Learning Disorder and age-matched and class matched high achievers as controls. Bender Gestalt Test II with copy test, recall test, perceptual test and motor test subscales was administered on both the groups for the assessment of neuropsychological functioning.

An Update on Advances in COVID-19 Laboratory Diagnosis and Testing Guidelines in India.

The declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic has warranted the urgent need for technologies and tools to be deployed for confirming diagnosis of suspected cases. Diagnostic testing for COVID-19 is critical for understanding epidemiology, contract-tracing, case management, and to repress the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2. Currently, the Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT)-based RT-PCR technique is a gold standard test used for routine diagnosis of COVID-19 infection.

Translational relevance of baseline peripheral blood biomarkers to assess the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death 1 use in solid malignancies.

Background: This study is an overall clinical analysis of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD1) antibodies used in a single institution, emphasizing the role of baseline peripheral blood markers as a prognostic or predictor biomarker of immunotherapy.

Methods: Sixty-one patients were retrospectively analyzed from hospital medical records. The endpoint of this study was death from any cause and the survival time was calculated from the date of start of immunotherapy to the date of death.

The protective effect of Sophora japonica on prostatic hypertrophy and inflammation in rat.

The atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) is invariably an incidental histological change, with no clinical findings specific for its diagnosis, and the mean patient age at diagnosis is 64-70 years. The incidence of AAH varies between 1.5 and 19.

FOLFOX and capecitabine-induced hepatic granuloma mimicking metastasis in a rectal cancer patient.

A 49-year-old male carcinoma rectum patient was treated with neoadjuvant FOLFOX (folinic acid, fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin) chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine, surgery and adjuvant FOLFOX. On follow-up, the patient developed a metabolically active liver lesion mimicking metastasis. Liver biopsy and histopathology showed sinusoidal dilatation with non-caseating granulomas.

Combination of vitamin C, thiamine and hydrocortisone added to standard treatment in the management of sepsis: results from an open label randomised controlled clinical trial and a review of the literature.

Combination of vitamin C, hydrocortisone and thiamine have recently been used in sepsis but data of efficacy are conflicting and no data are available from developing countries. We sought to study the effect of addition of this combination to standard care in patients with sepsis/septic shock in a north Indian setting. In a prospective, open label, randomised fashion, 100 patients with sepsis/septic shock were recruited to receive either standard therapy alone (control group,  = 50) or a combination of vitamin C, thiamine and hydrocortisone (treatment group,  = 50) in addition.

Shifting the focus: A QI project to improve the management of delirium in patients with hip fracture.

Introduction: Delirium is common in the perioperative setting, particularly in those admitted with a neck of femur fracture. It is associated with poorer outcomes, including increasing mortality, morbidity and prolonged hospital stay. It is often poorly recognised and under diagnosed.