Relationship Between Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels and Contrast Sensitivity in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Without Diabetic Retinopathy.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value and contrast sensitivity (CS) in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and no diabetic retinopathy (DR) changes.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the endocrinology department of a tertiary hospital and included 120 participants aged 30-40 years with T2DM without DR and with visual acuity of 6/6 in both eyes. Lea CS charts with one symbol size (10M) were used to measure CS.

Computer Vision Syndrome: Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors Among Computer-Using Bank Workers in Pakistan.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of symptoms of computer vision syndrome (CVS) and identify its associated risk factors among computer-using bank workers in Pakistan.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on computer-using bank workers. The data collection procedure included a self-administered questionnaire and comprehensive ocular health examination.

Visual rehabilitation of people with oculocutaneous albinism in a tertiary clinical setting in Pakistan.

Purpose: All people with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) have reduced vision. This study aimed to assess the benefits of low vision aids for people with OCA.

Methods: Seventy-seven consecutive people with OCA age 4 years and above examined in a low vision clinic were included in the study.

Worldwide inequality in access to full text scientific articles: the example of ophthalmology.

Background: The problem of access to medical information, particularly in low-income countries, has been under discussion for many years. Although a number of developments have occurred in the last decade (e.g.

Task sharing: situation analysis about capacity and resources for management of diabetic retinopathy in Pakistan.

Aim: To assess the capacity and resources of eye care facilities, using the WHO Health Systems Framework, to manage diabetic retinopathy (DR) through task sharing.

Methods: Using purposive sampling, four participants (administrators) from four selected hospitals in two provinces in Pakistan were recruited for this cross-sectional study. A survey, to assess the capacity and resources of the selected eye care facilities for the feasibility to adopt task sharing in management of DR to prevent vision loss, was emailed to participants who were asked to complete.

Task sharing: Development of evidence-based co-management strategy model for screening, detection, and management of diabetic retinopathy.

Background: The number of adults with diabetes is increasing worldwide and also the number of people with diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major complication of diabetes. Task sharing in eye care for people with diabetes could address the shortage in the number of ophthalmologists and increase access to eye care services. This study investigated the opinion of eye care professionals for a checklist of tasks, which are involved in DR management, to be possibly shared by optometrists and mid-level eye and health care workers with ophthalmologists.

Task sharing in the eye care workforce: Screening, detection, and management of diabetic retinopathy in Pakistan. A case study.

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a preventable cause of vision loss. Reducing vision loss due to DR and providing access to eye care services for people with diabetes have been severely constrained by a shortage in the number of ophthalmologists. This study aimed to explore the potential for task sharing in the eye care workforce for screening, detection, and management of DR.

Roles of the eye care workforce for task sharing in management of diabetic retinopathy in Cambodia.

Aim: To identify the current roles of eye and health care workers in eye care delivery and investigate their potential roles in screening and detection for management of diabetic retinopathy (DR) through task sharing.

Methods: Purposive sampling of 24 participants including health administrators, members from non-government organizations and all available eye care workers in Takeo province were recruited. This cross sectional mixed method study comprised a survey and in-depth interviews.

Attitudes and perceptions of eye care workers and health administrators regarding task sharing in screening and detection for management of diabetic retinopathy in Pakistan.

Purpose: The shortage of ophthalmologists in many countries is a major barrier to timely provision of eye care. A team work approach to screen, detect and manage diabetic retinopathy (DR) could achieve greater screening coverage of people with diabetes to prevent vision loss. This study aimed to assess the attitudes and perceptions of eye care workers and health administrators regarding task sharing for management of DR.

Causes of visual impairment in children with low vision.

Objective: To determine the main causes of visual impairment in children with low vision. To assess the need of spectacles and low vision devices (LVDs) in children and to evaluate visual outcome after using their LVDs for far and near distance.

Study Design: Observational study.

Visual rehabilitation of patients with Stargardt's disease.

Objective: To assess the role of low vision devices in visual rehabilitation of patients with Stargardt's disease.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: The Khyber Institute of Ophthalmic Medical Sciences, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan, from June 2003 to June 2005.

Clinical profile of amblyopia in Pakistani children age 3 to 14 years.

Objective: To study the clinical profile of amblyopia in children age 3 to 14 years.

Design: A cohort study.

Place And Duration Of Study: The study was conducted over a period of two years from June 2001 to June 2003 at Khyber Institute of Ophthalmic Medical Sciences, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan.