Long, Synthetic Type 8 Capsular Oligosaccharides Reveal Structural Epitopes for Effective Immune Recognition.

is a Gram-positive bacterium that is responsible for severe nosocomial infections. The rise of multidrug-resistant strains, which can pose significant health threats, prompts the development of new treatment interventions, and much attention has been directed at the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination strategies. Capsular polysaccharides (CPs) are key protective elements of the cell wall and have been proposed as promising candidate antigens.

Lung ultrasound for assessing disease progression in UIP and NSIP: a comparative study with HRCT and PFT/DLCO.

Background: This study aims to compare Lung Ultrasound (LUS) findings with High-Resolution Computerized Tomography (HRCT) and Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) to detect the severity of lung involvement in patients with Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP) and Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonia (NSIP).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 35 UIP and 30 NSIP patients at a referral hospital. All patients underwent LUS, HRCT, and PFT.

Usefulness of Portable Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Hepatic Steatosis and Degree of Agreement With Macroscopic and Microscopic Findings of the Hepatic Graft Accepted for Transplantation.

Background: The viability of the liver pre-transplant depends on the type of donor, age, medical history, circumstances of death, result of analytics, and complementary exploration of the abdominal cavity. Abdominal ultrasound is the initial option for the assessment of previously unknown liver disease, such as the qualitative determination of hepatic steatosis . The presence of hepatic steatosis is considered a risk factor for graft failure after liver transplantation, therefore, at the time of clinical assessment of the donor or its presence in the macroscopic assessment in the operating room can be cause for rejection of the organ by the transplant teams.

Technical-tactical evolution of women's football: a comparative analysis of ball possessions in the FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 and Australia & New Zealand 2023.

The aim of this study was to analyse and compare, both individually and multivariately, the technical-tactical similarities and differences associated with the offensive phase between the FIFA Women's World Cup France 2019 and the FIFA Women's World Cup Australia & New Zealand 2023. Following an observational follow-up design, 4,669 ball possessions were analysed in both tournaments (FWWC19: n = 2,323; FWWC23: n = 2,346). Differences between the two editions were examined using the chi-square statistic (p < .

Effectiveness of static, dynamic and combined dry needling techniques in the management of myofascial pain syndrome: A three-group study.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate and compare the therapeutic effectiveness of static dry needling (S-DN), dynamic dry needling (D-DN), and a combined technique (CT) for managing myofascial pain syndrome (MPS).

Patients And Methods: Between January 1, 2023 and April 15, 2023, a total of 38 patients (9 males, 29 females; mean age: 40.5±12.

Cigarette packaging as a commercial determinant of smoking: A thematic analysis of Filipinos' perception of graphic health warnings and plain packaging in the Philippines.

In line with recommendations of Article 11 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, the Philippines has implemented graphic health warnings (GHWs) on cigarette packs. While the Graphic Health Warnings Law was passed in 2014, it was only implemented in 2016. Using a commercial determinants of health framework, this study aims to contribute evidence on Filipinos' perceptions of GHWs and the potential plain packaging of tobacco products in the Philippines.

Medical Students' Views on Their Experience of Applying to Research Ethics Committees: A Qualitative Study.

The scope of medical training has expanded to encompass clinical skills and the ability to conduct and interpret scientific research. Therefore, medical students must develop an awareness of research and publication ethics to advance in their careers. This study aimed to understand medical students' perceptions of their first encounter with a research ethics committee.

Timing of tracheostomy in geriatric patients with isolated severe traumatic brain injury: A nationwide analysis.

Background: The impact of tracheostomy timing on outcomes is unclear in geriatric patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: Patients aged≥65 with isolated severe TBI who underwent tracheostomy were identified in the ACS-TQIP 2017-2020 database. Patients were grouped by early (<10 days) vs.

Minimizing food oxidation using aromatic polymer: From lignin into nano-lignin.

Food loss and waste caused by oxidation result in environmental and economic losses and health threats. Lignin is an abundant aromatic polymer with varied antioxidant capacity, which can reduce food oxidation caused by radical species exposure. The lignin antioxidant strength can be influenced by source, type, structure, processing, degradation products, chemical modifications, and particle size.

Exploring Glycan-Lectin Interactions in Natural-Like Environments: A View Using NMR Experiments Inside Cell and on Cell Surface.

Glycan-mediated molecular recognition events are essential for life. NMR is widely used to monitor glycan binding to lectins in solution using isolated glycans and lectins. In this context, we herein explore diverse NMR methodologies, from both the receptor and ligand perspectives, to monitor glycan-lectin interactions under experimental conditions mimicking the native milieu inside cells and on cell surface.

Ethics in Pediatric Decision-Making and Application Process: A Clinical Perspective.

Decision-making capacity in pediatric health care is crucial for upholding ethical practices and protecting patient autonomy. It involves a patient's ability to understand the benefits, risks, and alternatives of a proposed treatment or intervention, demonstrate understanding, appreciate the consequences, reason clearly, and communicate their wishes. Informed consent and assent are essential concepts in pediatric decision-making, ensuring that patients, including children, clearly understand their treatment options, and voluntarily agree to them.

Therapeutic Potential of Propolis Extract in Managing Hyperinflammation and Long COVID-19: A Bioinformatics Study.

Hyperinflammation is a significant factor in long COVID, impacting over 65 million post-COVID-19 individuals globally. Herbal remedies, including propolis, show promise in reducing severity and pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, the natural pharmacological role of propolis in COVID-19 management remains underexplored.

Glycosylium Ions in Superacid Mimic the Transition State of Enzyme Reactions.

The hydrolysis of glycosides is a biochemical transformation that occurs in all living organisms, catalyzed by a broad group of enzymes, including glycoside hydrolases. These enzymes cleave the glycosidic bond via a transition state with substantial oxocarbenium ion character, resulting in short-lived oxocarbenium ion-like species. While such transient species have been inferred through theoretical studies and kinetic isotope effect measurements, their direct spectroscopic characterization remains challenging.

In Vitro Mechanistic Studies of a Standardized Sustainable Grape Seed Extract for Potential Application as a Mood-Modulating and Cognition-Enhancing Supplement.

Background: Grape seed extract (GSE) from L. is rich in polyphenols and oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes (OPCs), and it has shown potential benefits in managing low mood and cognitive function. In this study, we investigated the potential bioactivities of Enovita, a standardized GSE extract (GSEe herein) rich in OPCs, in key mechanistic pathways related to low mood conditions and cognitive function.

Opportunities for plain packaging of tobacco products in the Philippines: results of a nationwide online survey.

Objective: This study aimed to contribute to local research evidence to promote the implementation of plain packaging of tobacco products in the Philippines. The study aimed to assess Filipinos' perception of the effectiveness of plain packaging and their readiness by assessing the potential impact of plain packaging.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide geographically representative online panel survey with a sample size of 2,000 Filipinos.

Caffeine mitigates tamoxifen-induced fatty liver in Wistar rats.

Purpose: Tamoxifen, a widely used drug for breast cancer treatment, is associated with adverse effects on the liver, including the development of fatty liver. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of caffeine against tamoxifen-induced fatty liver in Wistar rats.

Methods: Rats were divided into normal control, tamoxifen + saline, and tamoxifen + caffeine.

Tripolyphosphate-functionalized cellulose: A green solution for cadmium contamination.

This study introduces a highly efficient tripolyphosphate -tethered cellulose sorbent for cadmium (Cd⁺) removal from aqueous solutions. Characterization through FTIR and SEM revealed the material's structural properties. The sorbent achieved 99% Cd⁺ removal even at a minimal dosage of 0.

Oxytocin: A Shield against Radiation-Induced Lung Injury in Rats.

Background: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), a serious side effect of thoracic radiotherapy, can lead to acute radiation pneumonitis (RP) and chronic pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Despite various interventions, no effective protocol exists to prevent pneumonitis. Oxytocin (OT), known for its anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant properties, has not been explored for its potential in mitigating RILI.

Intranasal Insulin Eases Autism in Rats via GDF-15 and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways.

In rat models, it is well-documented that chronic administration of propionic acid (PPA) leads to autism-like behaviors. Although the intranasal (IN) insulin approach is predominantly recognized for its effects on food restriction, it has also been shown to enhance cognitive memory by influencing various proteins, modulating anti-inflammatory pathways in the brain, and reducing signaling molecules such as interleukins. This study seeks to explore the potential therapeutic benefits of IN insulin in a rat model of autism induced by PPA.

Good laboratory practice for PGT-M: Turkish Society of Reproductive Medicine guidelines.

This guideline was prepared by the Turkish Society of Reproductive Medicine to define the conditions and requirements for an outsourced preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) programme in line with the experience and needs of practitioners. This guideline is intended to be a reference document for assisted reproductive technology centres, genetic diagnosis centres, non-governmental organizations working on reproductive health, legal experts, consultants working on laboratory accreditation, academicians specializing in ethical issues, and policy makers. The Consortium aims to provide recommendations addressing the challenges of genetic testing, especially PGT for monogenic diseases (PGT-M) due to the high rate of consanguineous marriage in Turkey.

Being a psychiatrist in the evaluation process of a gun license report: morally challenging experience - a qualitative study from Turkey.

Many psychiatrists in Turkey participate in evaluating health board reports regarding gun licensing in their daily practice. There is no relevant study on the experiences of psychiatrists in this process. In addition, there is no other country where psychiatrists participate in the gun licensing process as in Turkey.

Predictive Prioritization of Enhancers Associated with Pancreas Disease Risk.

Genetic and epigenetic variations in regulatory enhancer elements increase susceptibility to a range of pathologies. Despite recent advances, linking enhancer elements to target genes and predicting transcriptional outcomes of enhancer dysfunction remain significant challenges. Using 3D chromatin conformation assays, we generated an extensive enhancer interaction dataset for the human pancreas, encompassing more than 20 donors and five major cell types, including both exocrine and endocrine compartments.