Comparison of the effect of different irrigation activation systems on the amount of apical extrusion of irrigation solution in teeth with severely curved canals.

Objective: This study aims to quantitatively compare the effects of standard needle irrigation (SNI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), EDDY, photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS), and shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) on the apical extrusion of irrigation solutions in teeth with severe canal curvature.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-five teeth with a single root and canal, and curvature angles ranging from 20° to 40°, were selected for this study. Root canal curvatures were measured from buccolingual and mesiodistal radiographs using ImageJ software (version 1.

Cyclosporine-Induced Gingival Hyperplasia in a Patient With Lichen Planopilaris: Misfortunes Never Come Singly!

Cyclosporine A constitutes an immunosuppressive medication administered against various autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders as well as against graft versus host disease. Its most well-known oral adverse effect is gingival hyperplasia. The aim of this study is to report a persistent case of a patient with lichen planopilaris with alopecia treated with cyclosporine leading to the manifestation of gingival hypertrophy.

Microbiological hydrogen (H ) thresholds in anaerobic continuous-flow systems: Effects of system characteristics.

Hydrogen (H ) concentrations that were associated with microbiological respiratory processes (RPs) such as sulfate reduction and methanogenesis were quantified in continuous-flow systems (CFSs) (e.g., bioreactors, sediments).

Are Some Metals in Tattoo Inks Harmful to Health? An Analytical Approach.

Tattoo application is widely performed all over the world; however, injection of coloring substances into the skin as metals may pose a risk for allergies and other skin inflammations and systemic diseases. In this context, tattoo inks in green, black, and red colors of three brands were purchased. Before starting the analysis, the acid mixture suitable for microwave burning was determined, and according to these results, the inks were digested with nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and hydrofluoric acid.

N-Substituted piperidine-3-carbohydrazide-hydrazones against Alzheimer's disease: Synthesis and evaluation of cholinesterase, beta-amyloid inhibitory activity, and antioxidant capacity.

A series of piperidine-3-carbohydrazide-hydrazones bearing phenylethyl, phenylpropyl, and phenylbutyl substituents on piperidine nitrogen were designed and synthesized as cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors. The title compounds were screened for acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory activities and antioxidant capacities, and the active ones for Aβ self-aggregation inhibition, in vitro. The chemiluminescence method was used to determine the effect of the selected compounds on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in brain tissue.

Isolation of keratinase-producing Bacillus strains and enhanced enzyme production using in vitro mutagenesis.

Millions of tons of feathers produced annually by the poultry industry cause environmental pollution and waste a significant source of protein. In the present study, three keratinolytic Bacillus strains, Bacillus sp. MK1, MK2, and MK3 were isolated.

Experimental data for physical characteristics, fiber compositions, and tensile properties of nonwoven wipes and toilet papers.

This article presents experimental data for physical characteristics, fiber compositions, and tensile properties of non-flushable wipes, flushable wipes, and toilet papers. Samples included 42 flushable wipes, 16 non-flushable wipes, and 11 toilet papers that were collected from around the world by considering product diversity in their retail regions (e.g.

Physical characteristics, fiber compositions, and tensile properties of nonwoven wipes and toilet papers in relevance to what is flushable.

Numerous products, such as moist wipes, are marketed worldwide as "flushable." Recent studies indicate that wipes cause operational problems (e.g.

Role of hydrogen (H) mass transfer in microbiological H-threshold studies.

Gas-to-liquid mass transfer of hydrogen (H) was investigated in a gas-liquid reactor with a continuous gas phase, a batch liquid phase, and liquid mixing regimes relevant to assessing kinetics of microbial H consumption. H transfer was quantified in real-time with a H microsensor for no mixing, moderate mixing [100 rotations per minute (rpm)], and rapid mixing (200 rpm). The experimental results were simulated by mathematical models to find best-fit values of volumetric mass transfer coefficients-ka-for H, which were 1.

Prevalence of Protective Measles Virus Antibody Levels in Umbilical Cord Blood Samples and Sera of Mothers and Transplacental Transport Ratio in Turkey.

In Turkey, the Measles Elimination Program has been implemented since 2002. The aim of this study was to evaluate the measles-specific antibody levels of mothers admitted to a hospital for birth and their infants, to determine the factors influencing the antibody levels of both, and to evaluate the transplacental transport ratio. We selected healthy women who came to the hospital for birth and their healthy newborns.

Synthesis, bioactivity and molecular modeling studies on potential anti-Alzheimer piperidinehydrazide-hydrazones.

A group of N-benzylpiperidine-3/4-carbohydrazide-hydrazones were designed, synthesized and evaluated for acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities, Aβ self-aggregation inhibitory potentials, and antioxidant capacities, in vitro. All of the compounds displayed eeAChE and huAChE inhibitory activity in a range of IC = 5.68-11.

Micro-mechanical modelling of cellulose aerogels from molten salt hydrates.

In this paper, a generalised micro-mechanical model capable of capturing the mechanical behaviour of polysaccharidic aerogels, in particular cellulose aerogels, is proposed. To this end, first the mechanical structure and properties of these highly nanoporous cellulose aerogels prepared from aqueous salt hydrate melts (calcium thiocyanate, Ca(SCN)2·6H2O and zinc chloride, ZnCl2·4H2O) are studied. The cellulose content within these aerogels is found to have a direct relation to the microstructural quantities such as the fibril length and diameter.

[Four Hydatid Cysts in One Family: Is Family Screening Necessary?].

Hydatid cyst is a parasitic infection mostly caused by Echinococcus granulosus. As transmission occurs from infected dogs, it is endemic in animal husbandry regions. Here four patients within the same family are presented.

Cellulose aerogels prepared from an aqueous zinc chloride salt hydrate melt.

Monolithic cellulose aerogels are prepared using a salt hydrate melt based on cheap zinc chloride tetrahydrate (ZnCl2·4H2O) that can be washed out of the wet gel-body by using common solvents such as water, ethanol, isopropanol or acetone. Cellulose aerogels with concentrations of 1-5 wt.% cellulose were produced.

Effect of turbulence on the disintegration rate of flushable consumer products.

A previously developed model for the physical disintegration of flushable consumer products is expanded by investigating the effects of turbulence on the rate of physical disintegration. Disintegration experiments were conducted with cardboard tampon applicators at 100, 150, and 200 rotations per minute, corresponding to Reynold's numbers of 25,900, 39,400, and 52,900, respectively, which were estimated by using computational fluid dynamics modeling. The experiments were simulated with the disintegration model to obtain best-fit values of the kinetic and distribution parameters.

Short-term complications of the Latarjet procedure.

Background: Although the results of the Latarjet procedure have been reported previously, there is little literature regarding the early complications of this procedure. The purpose of this study was to report our experience with the Latarjet procedure for glenohumeral instability and to highlight the initial complications that may occur following this procedure.

Methods: Forty-seven patients (forty-eight shoulders) underwent the Latarjet procedure for anterior glenohumeral instability between January 2005 and January 2010.

Physical disintegration of toilet papers in wastewater systems: experimental analysis and mathematical modeling.

Physical disintegration of representative toilet papers was investigated in this study to assess their disintegration potential in sewer systems. Characterization of toilet papers from different parts of the world indicated two main categories as premium and average quality. Physical disintegration experiments were conducted with representative products from each category according to standard protocols with improvements.

Development of a mathematical model for physical disintegration of flushable consumer products in wastewater systems.

The processes that flushable solid products may undergo after discharge to wastewater systems are (1) physical disintegration of solids resulting from turbulence, (2) direct dissolution of water-soluble components, (3) hydrolysis of solids to form soluble components, and (4) biodegradation of soluble and insoluble components. We develop a mathematical model for physical disintegration of flushable solid consumer products and test it with two different flushable products--product A, which has 40% water soluble-content, and product B, which has no water-soluble components. We present our modeling analysis of experimental results, from which we computed disintegration rate constants and fractional distribution coefficients for the disintegration of larger solids.

A mathematical model for the kinetics of Methanobacterium bryantii M.o.H. considering hydrogen thresholds.

We develop a kinetic model that builds on the foundation of classic Monod kinetics, but incorporates new phenomena such as substrate thresholds and survival mode observed in experiments with the H2-oxidizing methanogen Methanobacterium bryantii M.o.H.

Thermodynamic and kinetic analysis of the H2 threshold for Methanobacterium bryantii M.o.H.

H2 thresholds, concentrations below which H2 consumption by a microbial group stops, have been associated with microbial respiratory processes such as dechlorination, denitrification, sulfate reduction, and methanogenesis. Researchers have proposed that observed H2 thresholds occur when the available Gibbs free energy is minimal (DeltaG approximately 0) for a specific respiratory reaction. Others suggest that microbial kinetics also may play a role in controlling the thresholds.

Kinetic characterization of Methanobacterium bryantii M.o.H.

H2 is a key electron donor for many anaerobic microorganisms; thus, keen competition for H2 occurs among H2-utilizing microbial groups. Monod kinetic parameters provide essential information for kinetic analysis of competition for H2. In this study, we estimated Monod kinetic parameter values for a methanogen that consumes only H2 as its electron donor, Methanobacterium bryantii M.