Oncologic Errors in Diagnostic Radiology: A 10-Year Analysis Based on Medical Malpractice Claims.

Purpose: To retrospectively analyze the nature and extent of oncology-related errors accounting for malpractice allegations in diagnostic radiology.

Methods: The Comparative Benchmarking System of the Controlled Risk Insurance Company, a database containing roughly 30% of medical malpractice claims in the United States, was searched retrospectively for the period 2008 to 2017. Claims naming radiology as a primary service were identified and were stratified and compared by oncologic versus nononcologic status, allegation type (diagnostic versus nondiagnostic), and imaging modality.

Comparative mapping and validation of multiple disease resistance QTL for simultaneously controlling common and dwarf bunt in bread wheat.

Resistance QTL on chromosomes 1AL and 7AL are effective against common and dwarf bunt, QTL on 1BS affects common bunt and QTL on 7DS affects dwarf bunt in bread wheat. Common bunt, caused by Tilletia caries and T. laevis, and dwarf bunt, caused by T.

Women in radiology: gender diversity is not a metric-it is a tool for excellence.

Women in Focus: Be Inspired was a unique programme held at the 2019 European Congress of Radiology that was structured to address a range of topics related to gender and healthcare, including leadership, mentoring and the generational progression of women in medicine. In most countries, women constitute substantially fewer than half of radiologists in academia or private practice despite frequently accounting for at least half of medical school enrolees. Furthermore, the proportion of women decreases at higher academic ranks and levels of leadership, a phenomenon which has been referred to as a "leaky pipeline".

Global Challenges for Cancer Imaging.

Imaging plays many essential roles in nearly all aspects of high-quality cancer care. However, challenges to the delivery of optimal cancer imaging in both developing and advanced countries are manifold. Developing countries typically face dramatic shortages of both imaging equipment and general radiologists, and efforts to improve cancer imaging in these countries are often complicated by poor infrastructure, cultural barriers, and other obstacles.

External Factors That Influence the Practice of Radiology: Proceedings of the International Society for Strategic Studies in Radiology Meeting.

In both the United States and Europe, efforts to reduce soaring health care costs have led to intense scrutiny of both standard and innovative uses of imaging. Given that the United States spends a larger share of its gross domestic product on health care than any other nation and also has the most varied health care financing and delivery systems in the world, it has become an especially fertile environment for developing and testing approaches to controlling health care costs and value. This report focuses on recent reforms that have had a dampening effect on imaging use in the United States and provides a glimpse of obstacles that imaging practices may soon face or are already facing in other countries.

Imaging in the Age of Precision Medicine: Summary of the Proceedings of the 10th Biannual Symposium of the International Society for Strategic Studies in Radiology.

During the past decade, with its breakthroughs in systems biology, precision medicine (PM) has emerged as a novel health-care paradigm. Challenging reductionism and broad-based approaches in medicine, PM is an approach for disease treatment and prevention that takes into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle. It involves integrating information from multiple sources in a holistic manner to achieve a definitive diagnosis, focused treatment, and adequate response assessment.

Integrated diagnostics: proceedings from the 9th biennial symposium of the International Society for Strategic Studies in Radiology.

The International Society for Strategic Studies in Radiology held its 9th biennial meeting in August 2011. The focus of the programme was integrated diagnostics and massive computing. Participants discussed the opportunities, challenges, and consequences for the discipline of radiology that will likely arise from the integration of diagnostic technologies.

Evaluation of candidate DNA barcoding loci for economically important timber species of the mahogany family (Meliaceae).

There has been considerable debate regarding locus choice for DNA barcoding land plants. This is partly attributable to a shortage of comparable data from proposed candidate loci on a common set of samples. In this study, we evaluated main candidate plastid regions (rpoC1, rpoB, accD) and additional plastid markers (psbB, psbN, psbT exons and the trnS-trnG spacer) as well as the nuclear ribosomal spacer region (ITS1-5.

MRI of the prostate: clinical relevance and emerging applications.

MRI of the prostate can aid in many aspects of prostate cancer management, from initial detection to treatment planning and follow-up. This review describes the current strengths and limitations of conventional anatomic and molecular MR imaging techniques (including MR spectroscopic imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging) for aiding prostate cancer management. It also describes promising emerging approaches for acquiring, analyzing, and applying MR imaging data, and the major research and educational efforts that will be required to realize the potential of prostate MR imaging in routine clinical practice.

Global trends in hybrid imaging.

At the 2009 Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America, a special session was devoted to global trends in hybrid imaging. This article expands on the key points of the session, focusing primarily on positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Global trends in hybrid imaging equipment acquisition, usage, and image interpretation practices are reviewed, and emerging requirements for training and clinical privileging are discussed.

Biogeography of cedrela (meliaceae, sapindales) in central and South america.

Dated phylogenies have helped clarify the complex history of many plant families that today are restricted to the world's tropical forests, but that have Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene fossils from the northern hemisphere. One such family is the Meliaceae. Here we infer the history of the neotropical Meliaceae genus Cedrela (17 species), the sister clade of which today is restricted to tropical Asia.

Molecular phylogenetics of Neotropical Cedreleae (mahogany family, Meliaceae) based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequences reveal multiple origins of "Cedrela odorata".

This study focuses on the 17 Neotropical species described in Cedrela (Meliaceae; Cedreleae), in particular C. odorata, which has been shown in past population genetic studies to be more variable than other tree species. We sampled two sets of molecular markers, nuclear ribosomal spacers (nrITS), and several plastid regions (the psbB, psbN, psbT exons and the trnS-trnG spacer).

Advancing radiology through informed leadership: summary of the proceedings of the Seventh Biannual Symposium of the International Society for Strategic Studies in Radiology (IS(3)R), 23-25 August 2007.

The International Society for Strategic Studies in Radiology (IS(3)R) brings together thought leaders from academia and industry from around the world to share ideas, points of view and new knowledge. This article summarizes the main concepts presented at the 2007 IS(3)R symposium, providing a window onto trends shaping the future of radiology. Topics addressed include new opportunities and challenges in the field of interventional radiology; emerging techniques for evaluating and improving quality and safety in radiology; and factors impeding progress in molecular imaging and nanotechnology and possible ways to overcome them.

MR imaging of the prostate in clinical practice.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging tool of choice in the evaluation of prostate cancer. The main applications of MR imaging in the management of prostate cancer are: (1) to guide targeted biopsy when prostate cancer is clinically suspected and previous ultrasound-guided biopsy results are negative; (2) to localize and stage prostate cancer and provide a roadmap for treatment planning; and (3) to detect residual or locally recurrent cancer after treatment. Other MR techniques such as proton MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) complement conventional MR imaging by providing metabolic and functional information that can improve the accuracy of prostate cancer detection and characterization.

Imaging response assessment in oncology.

The role of imaging in the clinical setting as well as in the drug development process is expanding rapidly. Imaging technology now exists that is capable of detecting tumor response within hours. In parallel with this advance, a new array of more targeted and specific therapies are being developed.

The mahogany family "out-of-Africa": divergence time estimation, global biogeographic patterns inferred from plastid rbcL DNA sequences, extant, and fossil distribution of diversity.

With information on fossils and extant distribution of diversity/endemism in the mahogany family, we perform a global biogeographic study of Meliaceae using plastid rbcL data for all subfamilies, tribes and nearly all genera. Our study indicates that: (1) Meliaceae are of western Gondwanan origin; (2) dispersal played an important role for the current distribution of mahogany biota; and (3) the direction of dispersal was most likely an "out-of-Africa" scenario with important dispersal routes across Eurasia and between Eurasia and North America provided by Beringia and the North Atlantic land bridge and North America and South America via island chains and/or direct land connections. Populations in North America, Europe, and East Asia were presumably eliminated as tropical climates disappeared from these areas during the Miocene.

Aglaia (Meliaceae): an evaluation of taxonomic concepts based on DNA data and secondary metabolites.

We performed maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses (nuclear ITS rDNA, plastid rps16 intron) to estimate phylogenetic relationships within Aglaia (over 100 species in Southeast Asia, the Pacific, and Australia) and its relations among Aglaieae (Meliaceae). Based on 67 accessions of Aglaieae, three taxa of Guareae, and two taxa of Melieae (outgroup), this study provides the first assessment of the current circumscription of Aglaieae, Aglaia, and its sections and to a more limited extent of species concepts in Aglaia. DNA data are compared to recently collected data on chemical profiles.

Pleistocene refugia and recolonization routes in the southern Andes: insights from Hypochaeris palustris (Asteraceae, Lactuceae).

Hypochaeris palustris (Phil.) De Wild. is a species growing in the southern Andean chain.

Microvascular basal lamina antigen loss after traumatic brain injury in the rat.

The loss of microvascular basal lamina antigen is known to be a consequence of cerebral ischemia, but little information is available on its role in traumatic brain injury (TBI). The aim of our study was (1) to test the hypothesis that there is damage to the basal lamina of brain microvasculature after TBI, (2) to localize microvascular damage, and (3) to compare this loss with that in ischemia. Rats (n=14) were either sham operated (n=5) or subjected to fluid percussion injury (n=9; TBI=1.

Molecular phylogenetics of Meliaceae (Sapindales) based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequences.

Phylogenetic analyses of Meliaceae, including representatives of all four currently recognized subfamilies and all but two tribes (32 genera and 35 species, respectively), were carried out using DNA sequence data from three regions: plastid genes rbcL, matK (partial), and nuclear 26S rDNA (partial). Individual and combined phylogenetic analyses were performed for the rbcL, matK, and 26S rDNA data sets. Although the percentage of informative characters is highest in the segment of matK sequenced, rbcL provides the greatest number of informative characters of the three regions, resulting in the best resolved trees.