Artificial Intelligence Prediction Model of Occurrence of Cerebral Vasospasms Based on Machine Learning.

Background:  Symptomatic cerebral vasospasms are deleterious complication of the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm and potentially lethal. The existing scales used to classify the initial presentation of a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) offer a blink of the outcome and the possibility of occurrence of symptomatic cerebral vasospasms. Altogether, neither are they sufficient to predict outcome or occurrence of events reliably nor do they offer a united front.

Technical and Clinical Outcomes After Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair of Mitral Regurgitation in Male and Female Patients: Is Equality Achieved?

Background: Currently, no clear impact of sex on short- and long-term survival following transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (TEER) is evident, although no data are available on postprocedural life expectancy. Our aim was to assess sex-specific differences in outcomes of patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) treated by TEER.

Methods And Results: Short-term and 5-year outcomes in men and women undergoing TEER between 2011 and 2018 who were included in the large, multicenter, real-world MitraSwiss registry were analyzed.

Restoration of Life Expectancy After Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair.

Background: Survival data after mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) are scarce, and its impact on predicted life expectancy is unknown.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the impact of TEER on postprocedural life expectancy among patients enrolled in the MitraSwiss registry through a relative survival (RS) analysis.

Methods: Consecutive TEER patients 60 to 89 years of age enrolled between 2011 and 2018 (N = 1140) were evaluated.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation by Intercostal Access: Initial Experience with a No-Touch Technique.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is now a well-established therapeutic option in an elderly high-risk patient cohort with aortic valve disease. Although most commonly performed via a transfemoral route, alternative approaches for TAVI are constantly being improved. Instead of the classical mini-sternotomy, it is possible to achieve a transaortic access via a right anterior mini-thoracotomy in the second intercostal space.

Transcriptome signatures of wastewater effluent exposure in larval zebrafish vary with seasonal mixture composition in an effluent-dominated stream.

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent-dominated streams provide critical habitat for aquatic and terrestrial organisms but also continually expose them to complex mixtures of pharmaceuticals that can potentially impair growth, behavior, and reproduction. Currently, few biomarkers are available that relate to pharmaceutical-specific mechanisms of action. In the experiment reported in this paper, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos at two developmental stages were exposed to water samples from three sampling sites (0.

Neurotrauma Emergencies during the SARS-CoV2 Pandemic at a Tertiary Medical Center: Analysis of Incidence and Outcome.

Background:  We assess the impact of lockdown in Germany due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence and outcome of neurotrauma emergencies at a tertiary medical center.

Methods:  All neurosurgical emergencies from March 16, 2020 (first lockdown in Germany) to January 31, 2021 were included and compared with a longitudinal case-cohort. Cases were descriptively recorded and retrospectively analyzed with respect to incidence and outcome.

Cross-species transcriptomic signatures identify mechanisms related to species sensitivity and common responses to nanomaterials.

Physico-chemical characteristics of engineered nanomaterials are known to be important in determining the impact on organisms but effects are equally dependent upon the characteristics of the organism exposed. Species sensitivity may vary by orders of magnitude, which could be due to differences in the type or magnitude of the biochemical response, exposure or uptake of nanomaterials. Synthesizing conclusions across studies and species is difficult as multiple species are not often included in a study, and differences in batches of nanomaterials, the exposure duration and media across experiments confound comparisons.

Reorienting Primary Health Care Services for Non-Communicable Diseases: A Comparative Preparedness Assessment of Two Healthcare Networks in Malawi and Zambia.

Despite positive NCD policies in recent years, majority of Sub-Saharan African (SSA) health systems are inadequately prepared to deliver comprehensive first-line care for NCDs. Primary health care (PHC) settings in countries like Malawi and Zambia could be a doorway to effectively manage NCDs by moving away from delivering only episodic care to providing an integrated approach over time. As part of a collaborative health system strengthening project, we assessed and compared the preparedness and operational capacity of two target networks of public PHC settings in Lilongwe (Malawi) and Lusaka (Zambia) to integrate NCD services within routine service delivery.

Disposition Decision Support by Laboratory Based Outcome Prediction.

Disposition is one of the main tasks in the emergency department. However, there is a lack of objective and reliable disposition criteria, and diagnosis-based risk prediction is not feasible at early time points. The aim was to derive a risk score (TRIAL) based on routinely collected baseline (TRIage level and Age) and Laboratory data-supporting disposition decisions by risk stratification based on mortality.

Resection of cerebellar tumours causes widespread and functionally relevant white matter impairments.

Several diffusion tensor imaging studies reveal that white matter (WM) lesions are common in children suffering from benign cerebellar tumours who are treated with surgery only. The clinical implications of WM alterations that occur as a direct consequence of cerebellar disease have not been thoroughly studied. Here, we analysed structural and diffusion imaging data from cerebellar patients with chronic surgical lesions after resection for benign cerebellar tumours.

Validation of a German version of the Cerebellar Cognitive Affective/ Schmahmann Syndrome Scale: preliminary version and study protocol.

Background: Traditionally, cerebellar disorders including ataxias have been associated with deficits in motor control and motor learning. Since the 1980's growing evidence has emerged that cerebellar diseases also impede cognitive and affective processes such as executive and linguistic functions, visuospatial abilities and regulation of emotion and affect. This combination of non-motor symptoms has been named .

Nonadiabatic coupling of the dynamical structure to the superconductivity in YSrCuMoO and SrCuO.

A crucial issue in cuprates is the extent and mechanism of the coupling of the lattice to the electrons and the superconductivity. Here we report Cu K edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements elucidating the internal quantum tunneling polaron (iqtp) component of the dynamical structure in two heavily overdoped superconducting cuprate compounds, tetragonal YSrCuMoO with superconducting critical temperature, T = 84 K and hole density = 0.3 to 0.

Diagnosis of COVID-19 by analysis of breath with gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry - a feasibility study.

Background: There is an urgent need to rapidly distinguish COVID-19 from other respiratory conditions, including influenza, at first-presentation. Point-of-care tests not requiring laboratory- support will speed diagnosis and protect health-care staff. We studied the feasibility of using breath-analysis to distinguish these conditions with near-patient gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS).

Factors Associated with Outpatient Satisfaction in Tertiary Hospitals in China: A Systematic Review.

Outpatient care is made up of medical procedures, tests, and services that can be provided to the patient in a setting that doesn't involve an overnight hospital stay. In China, tertiary hospitals are medical services centers of health care systems, and some tertiary hospitals had more than 20,000 outpatient visits per day. However, a systematic review of existed evidence on factors influencing the outpatient satisfaction in tertiary hospitals in China could inform the efforts and does not yet exist.

Enzymatic activity of extracellular circulating proteasome in the CSF of patients with malignant Intrinsic and metastatic brain tumors: proof of concept.

Background: Malignant intrinsic brain tumors are a hazardous disease with limited life expectancy despite intensive research in new targeted treatment options. Lately, proteasome inhibitors have been identified as potent agents causing death in glioma cell lines. It is the aim of the present study to identify proteasomal activity in the CSF of patients suffering from malignant brain tumors.

Coronary and structural heart interventions in Switzerland 2018.

Since the first coronary angioplasty by Andreas Grüntzig in Zurich in 1977, the number of cardiac interventional procedures has steadily increased. The aim of this report is to summarise the state of catheter-based cardiac interventions in adults in Switzerland in 2018. Since 1987, the Working Group Interventional Cardiology of the Swiss Society of Cardiology has collected annually aggregate data from all facilities with cardiac catheterisation laboratories in the country, currently 36 institutions in 17 cantons of Switzerland.

Local lattice distortions and dynamics in extremely overdoped superconducting YSrCuMoO.

A common characteristic of many "overdoped" cuprates prepared with high-pressure oxygen is values ≥ 50 K that often exceed that of optimally doped parent compounds, despite O stoichiometries that place the materials at the edge or outside of the conventional boundary between superconducting and normal Fermi liquid states. X-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS) measurements at 52 K on samples of high-pressure oxygen (HPO) YSrCuMoO, = 84 K show that the Mo is in the (VI) valence in an unusually undistorted octahedral geometry with predominantly Mo neighbors that is consistent with its assigned substitution for Cu in the chain sites of the structure. Perturbations of the Cu environments are minimal, although the Cu X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) differs from that in other cuprates.

Local structure of SrCuO, a 95 K cuprate superconductor without CuO planes.

The local structure of the highly "overdoped" 95 K superconductor SrCuO determined by Cu K X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) at 62 K in magnetically oriented samples shows that 1) the magnetization is perpendicular to the axis; 2) at these levels of precision the Cu sublattice is tetragonal in agreement with the crystal structure; the O sublattice has 3) continuous -Cu-O- chains that orient perpendicular to an applied magnetic field; 4) approximately half-filled -Cu-O- chains that orient parallel to this field; 5) a substantial number of apical O vacancies; 6) O ions at some apical positions with expanded Cu-O distances; and 7) interstitial positions that imply highly displaced Sr ions. These results contradict the universally accepted features of cuprates that require intact CuO planes, magnetization along the axis, and a termination of the superconductivity when the excess charge on the CuO Cu ions exceeds 0.27.

Neonatal Rhesus Macaques Have Distinct Immune Cell Transcriptional Profiles following HIV Envelope Immunization.

HIV-1-infected infants develop broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) more rapidly than adults, suggesting differences in the neonatal versus adult responses to the HIV-1 envelope (Env). Here, trimeric forms of HIV-1 Env immunogens elicit increased gp120- and gp41-specific antibodies more rapidly in neonatal macaques than adult macaques. Transcriptome analyses of neonatal versus adult immune cells after Env vaccination reveal that neonatal macaques have higher levels of the apoptosis regulator BCL2 in T cells and lower levels of the immunosuppressive interleukin-10 (IL-10) receptor alpha (IL10RA) mRNA transcripts in T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and monocytes.

High fat diet induces microbiota-dependent silencing of enteroendocrine cells.

Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are specialized sensory cells in the intestinal epithelium that sense and transduce nutrient information. Consumption of dietary fat contributes to metabolic disorders, but EEC adaptations to high fat feeding were unknown. Here, we established a new experimental system to directly investigate EEC activity in vivo using a zebrafish reporter of EEC calcium signaling.

Epithelial delamination is protective during pharmaceutical-induced enteropathy.

Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) shedding is a fundamental response to intestinal damage, yet underlying mechanisms and functions have been difficult to define. Here we model chronic intestinal damage in zebrafish larvae using the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) Glafenine. Glafenine induced the unfolded protein response (UPR) and inflammatory pathways in IECs, leading to delamination.

Trust in socially assistive robots: Considerations for use in rehabilitation.

Incorporation of social robots into rehabilitation calls for understanding what factors affect user motivation and success of the interaction. Trust between the user and the robot has been identified as important in human-robot interaction and in human-human interactions in therapy. Trust has been studied in the context of automation technology, (e.