Modification in ICU design may influence circadian serum cholinesterase activities: a proof-of-concept pilot study.

Background: Deficits in cholinergic function are assumed to cause cognitive decline. Studies have demonstrated that changes in serum cholinesterase activities are associated with a higher incidence of delirium in critically ill patients. Additionally, basic research indicates that the cholinergic and circadian systems are interconnected, with each system influencing the functionality of the other.

Systematic treatment and management of postpartum hypertension using remote patient monitoring.

Objective: To describe postpartum visit attendance and postpartum blood pressure control among patients enrolled in a remote patient monitoring program and compare these outcomes by race.

Study Design: A prospective cohort study of postpartum patients with a diagnosis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy at the University of Chicago between October 2021 and April 2022. All patients received remote patient monitoring as routine care but consented separately for the use of their data.

The application of a tool for supporting shared decision making in primiparous women during early labour - a descriptive survey of obstetric health care professionals' opinion.

Background: Interventions in maternity health care settings often need to be studied within everyday clinical work and with the contributions of the staff. Therefore, the health care workers on-site play an important role for research success. This explains why it is necessary not only to focus on the outcomes of the research project itself, but also to study the whole process.

Integrating cancer into crisis: a global vision for action from WHO and partners.

More than a billion people live in fragile, conflict-affected, and vulnerable settings requiring humanitarian support, where cancer is a substantial health issue. Despite its substantial effect on populations, cancer care remains underprioritised in emergency preparedness and response frameworks and humanitarian operational planning. This Policy Review summarises the perspectives and actionable recommendations from the First Global High-Level Technical Meeting on Non-communicable Diseases in Humanitarian Settings, with a focus on cancer.

Surveillance of low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms for progression to pseudomyxoma peritonei: Results from a structured surveillance programme.

Aim: Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) of the appendix is a rare tumour that can progress to pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). There is a lack of standardization of surveillance following resection of LAMN as the progression rate to PMP is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of progression following resection of LAMN to PMP in a structured surveillance programme.

Implementation of the Oxygen Saturation Index as a Predictor of Outcome in Prenatally Diagnosed CDH Neonates in the First 24 Hours of Life.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the Oxygen Saturation Index (OSI) as a noninvasive measure for early postnatal management and outcome prediction in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Additionally, the study analyzed the correlation and predictive ability of OSI, Oxygenation Index (OI), Horovitz Index (HI), and partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO) regarding mortality and the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Methods: A retrospective, single-center study using data from 2013 to 2020.

Prevalence of Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment in World Trade Center Exposed Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) and General Emergency Responders.

Background: The emergency personnel who responded to the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks endured severe occupational exposures, yet the prevalence of cognitive impairment remains unknown among WTC-exposed-FDNY-responders. The present study screened for mild and severe cognitive impairment in WTC-exposed FDNY responders using objective tests, compared prevalence rates to a cohort of non-FDNY WTC-exposed responders, and descriptively to meta-analytic estimates of MCI from global, community, and clinical populations.

Methods: A sample of WTC-exposed-FDNY responders (n = 343) was recruited to complete an extensive battery of cognitive, psychological, and physical tests.

Digital Migration of a Validated Cognitive Challenge Test in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Convergence of the Loewenstein-Acevedo Scales for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L) and the Digital LASSI (LASSI-D) in older Participants with Amnestic MCI and Normal Cognition.

Background: The early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is crucial for providing treatment before further decline. Cognitive challenge tests such as the Loewenstein-Acevedo Scales for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L™) can identify individuals at highest risk for cognitive deterioration. Performance on elements of the LASSI-L, particularly proactive interference, correlate with the presence of critical Alzheimer's Disease (AD) biomarkers.

"Are my blood products coming?": Implementation of a novel blood product tracker in the electronic health record system.

Background: Blood transfusions are the most common procedure performed in American hospitals. The steps required for blood product delivery are often misunderstood by providers, leading to numerous phone calls to the blood bank requesting order status. Distracting calls can lengthen turnaround time, especially during blood product or staff shortages.

Blood immune profiling of Ethiopian patients with breast cancer highlights different forms of immune escape.

Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of death worldwide, particularly also among African woman. In order to better stratify patients for the most effective (immuno-) therapy, an in depth characterization of the immune status of BC patients is required. In this study, a cohort of 65 Ethiopian patients with primary BC underwent immune profiling by multicolor flow cytometry on peripheral blood samples collected prior to surgery and to any other therapy.

The Role of Processed Electroencephalogram in Adult Surgical Procedures: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

The use of depth of anesthesia monitoring, such as a processed electroencephalogram (pEEG), can decrease the risk of awareness with recall, yet the current standards for monitoring during the administration of anesthesia do not include the use of brain monitoring for anesthetic depth. This retrospective cohort study describes the frequency of use and explores the characteristics of utilization of pEEG monitoring by anesthesia professionals during the administration of general anesthesia in the adult patient population at a large academic medical center. Descriptive associations with pEEG monitoring were confirmed in both univariate and multivariable analyses with multiple patient, anesthetic, and surgical characteristics.

metabolite 3-oxo-C12HSL induces apoptosis through T2R14 and the mitochondrial calcium uniporter.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) arise in the mucosal lining of the upper aerodigestive tract. HNSCCs have high mortality rates and current treatments can be associated with severe morbidities. It is vital to discover effective, minimally invasive therapies that improve survival and quality of life.

Longitudinal evaluation of hemodynamic blood and echocardiographic biomarkers for the prediction of BPD and BPD-related pulmonary hypertension in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants.

Unlabelled: Very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBW, < 1500 g) are at risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and are at risk for BPD-related pulmonary hypertension (PH). The longitudinal measurement of innovative blood and echocardiographic biomarkers might allow for a risk stratification of these infants. A prospective single-center cohort study was conducted between 01/2021 and 06/2023.

Intraoperative Non-Opiate Anesthesia for Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Temporomandibular Joint Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Pain intensity after temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery is often underestimated, and inadequate pain control may relate to poor recovery quality, increased opioid consumption, and longer hospital stay. This trial aims to evaluate whether non-opiate anesthesia provides a promising option of pain management for patients undergoing TMJ surgery.

Methods: Sixty patients receiving TMJ surgery were randomly assigned to either the control group or the non-opiate group.

Neutralizing antibody correlate of protection against severe-critical COVID-19 in the ENSEMBLE single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine efficacy trial.

Assessment of immune correlates of severe COVID-19 has been hampered by the low numbers of severe cases in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy (VE) trials. We assess neutralizing and binding antibody levels at 4 weeks post-Ad26.COV2.

Pregnant Women's Care Needs During Early Labor-A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Pregnant women face the challenge of managing early labor on their own until they feel the need to seek professional support. However, professional support during such a vulnerable stage of labor may sometimes be insufficient. This study aims to understand pregnant women's care needs during early labor in order to improve the quality of care provided at the onset of labor.

Bitter Taste Receptor Agonists Induce Apoptosis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy, with a 20% recurrence rate. Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) and their genes ( ) may regulate survival in solid tumors. This study examined T2R expression and function in PTC cells.

Sex dimorphism and tissue specificity of gene expression changes in aging mice.

Background: Aging is a complex process that involves all tissues in an organism and shows sex dimorphism. While transcriptional changes in aging have been well characterized, the majority of studies have focused on a single sex and sex differences in gene expression in aging are poorly understood. In this study, we explore sex dimorphism in gene expression in aging mice across three tissues.

Interventions during Early Infection: Opening a Window for an HIV Cure?

Although combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been a landmark achievement for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), an HIV cure has remained elusive. Elimination of latent HIV reservoirs that persist throughout HIV infection is the most challenging barrier to an HIV cure. The progressive HIV infection is marked by the increasing size and diversity of latent HIV reservoirs until an effective immune response is mobilized, which can control but not eliminate HIV infection.

Surgery for facial palsy in the hands of otorhinolaryngologists: a population-based study.

Purpose: Modern facial surgery can improve eye closure and address facial functional and emotional expression disabilities in case of severe acute facial paralysis with low probability of recovery and in cases of chronic flaccid facial paralysis. Reports on outcome typically originate from specialized tertiary care centers, whereas population-based data from routine care beyond specialized centers is sparse.

Methods: Therefore, patients' characteristics, surgical techniques, postoperative complications, and patients' satisfaction with the final outcome were analyzed for all inpatients with facial paralysis undergoing facial surgery in Thuringia, a federal state in Germany, between 2006 and 2022.

SARS-CoV-2 hijacks host CD55, CD59 and factor H to impair antibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis.

The complement system is a vital anti-microbial defence mechanism against circulating pathogens. Excessive complement activation can have deleterious outcomes for the host and is consequently tightly modulated by a set of membrane-associated and fluid-phase regulators of complement activation (RCAs). Here, we demonstrate that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) hijacks host cellular RCA members CD55 and CD59 and serum-derived Factor H (FH) to resist antibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis triggered by immunized human sera.

Trends in the quality of maternal and neonatal care in Sweden and Norway as compared to 12 WHO European countries: A cross-sectional survey investigating maternal perspectives during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Maternal-neonatal healthcare services were severely disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic in even high-income countries within the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region. The objective of this study was to compare trends in the quality of maternal and neonatal care (QMNC) in Sweden and Norway to 12 other countries from the WHO European Region during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify domains for improvement.

Material And Methods: This cross-sectional study included women giving birth in Europe from March 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022.