Pneumatosis intestinalis: Does it always indicate necrotizing enterocolitis?

Background: Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a rare radiological finding that may be associated with various diseases. In the neonatal period, it is considered pathognomonic for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Cow's milk protein allergy (CMA) is the main cause of allergy especially in term infants appearing following breastfeeding or consumption of milk-based formulas.

Infantile Aggressive Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Proximal Femur: A Rare Clinical Presentation.

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are aggressive, osteolytic lesions usually seen in childhood and young adulthood. The patient's age, location, and behavior of the lesion in the bone may cause patients to present with different clinical findings. Appropriate treatment of these rare, aggressive bone lesions is essential for recurrence.

Seroprevalence of bovine leukemia virus in cattle and buffaloes in the border provinces of the Eastern Anatolia region, Türkiye: insights into the eradication of infection.

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, an oncogenic deltaretrovirus that has emerged as a potential zoonotic infection. The BLV naturally infects cattle and causes economic losses through a slow persistent infection with various clinical symtoms following preleukosis. The main objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of BLV antibodies in cattle and buffaloes in the border provinces of the Eastern Anatolia region, Türkiye, using the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Effects of multi-enzymes supplementation to wheat and soybean meal-based feeds on growth performance, digestibility and carcass characteristics of quails.

Japanese quail () is a popular experimental animal model in scientific research. The present study investigated the effects of dietary multiple enzyme supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility and small intestinal histomorphology in quails fed diets based on wheat and soya bean meal. A total number of 192 1-day-old quails were assigned to three treatments with 16 replicates in each and four quails replicate for 38 days.

Porous Organic Polymers Incorporating Shape-persistent Cyclobenzoin Macrocycles for Organic Solvent Separation.

The recovery and separation of organic solvents is highly important for the chemical industry and environmental protection. In this context, porous organic polymers (POPs) have significant potential owing to the possibility of integrating shape-persistent macrocyclic units with high guest selectivity.  Here, we report the synthesis of a macrocyclic porous organic polymer (np-POP) and the corresponding model compound by reacting cyclotetrabenzil naphthalene octaketone macrocycle with 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene and 1,2-diaminobenzene, respectively, under solvothermal conditions.

Endoscopic butterfly cartilage myringoplasty: our long term results.

Background: Myringoplasty is one of the treatments used for perforated tympanic membrane.

Aim/objective: We aimed to evaluate the long-term anatomical and functional outcomes of patients who underwent endoscopic inlay butterfly cartilage myringoplasty.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 74 patients who had undergone endoscopic butterfly cartilage myringoplasty were followed for at least five years.

Regorafenib Treatment for Recurrent Glioblastoma Beyond Bevacizumab-Based Therapy: A Large, Multicenter, Real-Life Study.

Background/objectives: In the REGOMA trial, regorafenib demonstrated an overall survival advantage over lomustine, and it has become a recommended treatment for recurrent glioblastoma in guidelines. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of regorafenib as a third-line treatment for patients with recurrent glioblastoma who progressed while taking bevacizumab-based therapy.

Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study in Turkey included 65 patients treated between 2021 and 2023 across 19 oncology centers.

Use of a Novel Steerable Tip Suction Cannula in Large and Giant Pituitary Adenomas: A Cadaveric Feasibility Study.

Objective: The endoscopic transsphenoidal approach is commonly used for sellar and suprasellar pathologies. However, reaching above the diaphragma sella, especially for posterosuperior and retrocavernous orientation, still poses some challenges. We designed and developed a steerable tip suction cannula (STSC) that has distinct leverage for endoscopic resection of such pathologies.

Evaluation of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Percutaneous Core Needle Biopsy in Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors.

Purpose Of The Study: Open (incisional) biopsies have long been accepted as the gold standard in diagnosing bone and soft tissue tumors. However, the main disadvantage of this method is that it can lead to increased contamination, hematoma, infection, and pathological fracture. Compared to open biopsies, percutaneous core needle biopsies are less invasive, do not require hospitalization, have low costs and low complication rates, and there is no need for wound healing in cases that require radiotherapy.

Left ventricular global longitudinal strain in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are generally associated with rare cardiac side effects, yet instances like myocarditis can be fatal. Therefore, detecting and managing left ventricular dysfunction early in ICI therapy is vital.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate whether left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) is a predictor for early detection of cardiac dysfunction in patients receving ICI.

The Prognostic Significance of QTc Prolongation in Lead aVR in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome with ST Elevation or Depression.

: In patients with acute coronary syndrome, electrocardiographic parameters, including ST elevation in lead aVR (aVR-STE), ST depression (aVR-STD), and QTc prolongation, are crucial. This study aims to show the predictive value of a longer QTc in emergency department patients with acute coronary syndrome and ≥1 mm ST elevation or depression in the aVR lead in electrocardiography. : A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1273 patients admitted to the emergency department with a preliminary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome between 2020 and 2023.

Rheumatologic Perspectives on Sarcoidosis: Predicting Sarcoidosis-Associated Arthritis Through Comprehensive Clinical and Laboratory Assessment.

The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of sarcoidosis patients with musculoskeletal symptoms; investigate the relationship between arthritis development and various laboratory parameters (such as vitamin D, liver enzymes, and ACE levels); and compare the sarcoidosis-associated arthritis cases with those without. We also explored the factors influencing arthritis development and the role of biopsy in diagnosing sarcoidosis within rheumatology practice. This retrospective study analyzed 147 sarcoidosis patients from 2000 to 2024, categorized by the presence ( = 45) or absence ( = 102) of arthritis.

The Moderating Role of Gender and Mediating Role of Hope in the Performance of Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between resilience and the hope levels of healthcare workers who have experienced the COVID-19 pandemic, the effects of resilience and gender on individual performance, the effects of hope levels on individual performance, and aimed to determine whether hope mediated the effect of resilience on individual performance. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The psychological resilience, hope, and individual performance of healthcare workers affiliated with the Istanbul Provincial Health Directorate were obtained from online questionnaires completed by participants between April 2021 and August 2021.

Does the LDH/Albumin Ratio Bring Novelty? A Comparative Analysis with Inflammatory Indices and Combined Models in Adult-Onset Still's Disease.

Background/objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio (LAR) in adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) and compare it with other inflammatory indices, using patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) as a control group due to their overlapping clinical features with AOSD. The study also compared LAR's diagnostic performance with other inflammatory indices like the serum immune-inflammatory index (SII), ferritin/erythrocyte sedimentation rate (FER), CRP/albumin ratio (CAR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), as well as its combinations with FER, PLR, and ferritin (LAR + FER, LAR + PLR, LAR + ferritin).

Methods: A retrospective evaluation was conducted on 70 patients with fever of unknown cause and 78 patients with AOSD, admitted between January 2000 and December 2023 in a tertiary care hospital.

Greater improvement in insulin sensitivity per unit weight loss associated with tirzepatide versus semaglutide: An exploratory analysis.

Aims: To explore the relationship between weight loss and insulin sensitivity in response to tirzepatide or semaglutide.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a post hoc exploratory analysis of a 28-week, double-blind, randomized trial in people with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin, randomized to tirzepatide 15 mg, semaglutide 1 mg or placebo. We evaluated the relationship between change in body weight and change in insulin sensitivity determined from hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (M value), or from mixed-meal tolerance testing (Matsuda index).

Current status, opportunities, and challenges of exosomes in diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive joint disease that is a frequent reason for pain and physical dysfunction in adults, with enormous social and economic burden. Although ongoing scientific efforts in recent years have made considerable progress towards understanding of the disease's molecular mechanism, the pathogenesis of OA is still not fully known, and its clinical challenge remains. Thus, elucidating molecular events underlying the initiation and progression of OA is crucial for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches that could facilitate effective clinical management of the illness.

The association between abdominal ultrasound findings and clinical severity in MIS-C children with extracardiac symptoms.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to evaluate pathological findings on abdominal ultrasonography upon admission of children diagnosed with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) that were associated with a more severe disease course and the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. This retrospective and observational study was conducted between March 2020 and May 2022. Abdominal ultrasonography findings were evaluated in children diagnosed with MIS-C associated with SARS-CoV-2.

[Multicentric Screening of Local Antibiotic Resistance in Uncomplicated Urinary System Infections: 1850 Patients from 37 Centers].

This study was aimed to identify the most frequently observed pathogens in uncomplicated urinary tract infections from outpatient urinary isolates obtained across seven different geographical regions in Türkiye and to determine whether the antibiotic resistance rates of these pathogens differ significantly between these regions. The study included patients aged 18 to 65 years who were diagnosed with uncomplicated urinary tract infections and had positive urine cultures from March 2021 to August 2022, across 37 different centers in Türkiye. The participating centers were selected based on their use of the disk diffusion method, in line with the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines, to ensure standardization of urine culture data.

Neonatal Intensive Care Nurses' Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence: A Qualitative Study on Discharge Education and Family Counseling.

Objective: This study aims to examine neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses' perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly language models, and their impact on nursing practices.

Background: AI is rapidly spreading in healthcare, transforming nursing practice. Understanding the role of AI in NICUs in the discharge process is crucial for understanding nurses' perceptions of these technologies.

Brainstem BDNF neurons are downstream of GFRAL/GLP1R signalling.

Growth differentiation factor 15, GDF15, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues act through brainstem neurons that co-localise their receptors, GDNF-family receptor α-like (GFRAL) and GLP1R, to reduce food intake and body weight. However, their use as clinical treatments is partially hampered since both can also induce sickness-like behaviours, including aversion, that are mediated through a well-characterised pathway via the exterolateral parabrachial nucleus. Here, in mice, we describe a separate pathway downstream of GFRAL/GLP1R neurons that involves a distinct population of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) cells in the medial nucleus of the tractus solitarius.

Plasma Exchange and N-Acetylcysteine Therapy in a Case of Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Presenting With Acute Renal Failure.

Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP), which is associated with mutations in the gene for a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif member 13 (ADAMTS13), is a chronic and lifelong disease. The clinical course is variable. Regularly using ADAMTS13-containing products such as fresh frozen plasma (FFP) for long-term prophylaxis is the most important treatment to prevent thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) episodes.

Profilin-1 levels in preeclampsia: Associations with disease and adverse neonatal outcomes.

Background: Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication requiring early detection to improve outcomes. Profilin-1 (PFN1), linked to vascular dysfunction, may serve as a biomarker for diagnosing preeclampsia and predicting adverse neonatal outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the serum Profilin-1 levels in patients diagnosed with preeclampsia and to investigate its association with disease severity and adverse neonatal outcomes.

Diagnostic Values of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Frozen Section in Management of Parotid Tumors.

This study aims to investigate the diagnostic values of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and frozen section (FS) in evaluating parotid gland masses subjected to parotidectomy. A retrospective analysis of data from 274 patients who underwent parotidectomy for parotid gland masses was performed at the Department of Otolaryngology of the University Hospital between 2013 and 2019. We compared the preoperative FNAC and intraoperative FS records with the definitive histopathological diagnoses obtained from the surgical resection specimens.

Frequency of severe infections in rheumatic disease patients receiving bDMARDs post-kidney transplantation: a multicenter study.

Objectives: To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of severe infections in rheumatic patients receiving biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) after kidney transplantation.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included 38 patients who had undergone kidney transplantation and received bDMARDs for rheumatic diseases. Demographic, clinical, and treatment data were collected.