Investigation of neuronal auto-antibodies in children diagnosed with epileptic encephalopathy of unknown cause.

Aim: Cryptogenic forms of epileptic encephalopathies (EE) with their well-known features of drug-resistance, mental deterioration and partial response to immunotherapies are ideal candidates for screening for neuronal autoantibodies (NAA).

Method: Fifty consecutive pediatric patients with a diagnosis of EE of unknown cause were included. Nine NAAs were tested by ELISA, RIA or cell-based assays.

Mid-term and Long-term Functional and Radiographic Results of 13 Surgically Treated Adolescent Capitellum Fractures.

Background: Capitellum fractures are rare in adolescents, and information in literature is still limited. The purpose of this study was to report the mid-term and long-term functional and radiographic results of 13 surgically treated adolescent capitellum fractures in a level I trauma center.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients aged 10 to 16 years, who underwent surgery for a capitellum fracture and were followed up for at least 12 months.

Performance Evaluation of a New Coulometric Endpoint Method in Sweat Testing and Its Comparison With Classic Gibson&Cooke and Chloridometer Methods in Cystic Fibrosis.

The objective of the study was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of the coulometric endpoint method and compare it with classic Gibson&Cooke and chloridometer methods. This study is a prospective clinical study comparing two conventional sweat testing methods with the coulometric endpoint method in previously diagnosed cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and a non-CF control group. All individuals underwent two simultaneous sweat collections.

Intracranial hypertension related to cerebral venous thrombosis; and acute ischemic stroke with micro-infarcts associated with IgG4-related disease.

IgG4-related systemic disease (IgG4-RD) is characterized by an inflammatory reaction rich in IgG4-positive plasma cells, affecting multiple organs. This report describes a case who was diagnosed with IgG4-RD, having cerebral venous thrombosis and a subsequent acute ischemic stroke of undetermined cause. A 47-year-old woman presented with headache, visual disturbance and eyelid swelling and two years later she was admitted with acute attacks of mild left lower limb sensory-motor monoparesis.

Clinical and electrophysiological findings in patients with phenylketonuria and epilepsy: Reflex features.

Objective: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most common form of amino acid metabolism disorders with autosomal recessive inheritance. The brain damage can be prevented by early diagnosis and a phenylalanine-restricted diet. Untreated or late-treated patients may show mental retardation and other cognitive dysfunctions, as well as motor disability and/or epilepsy.

Percutaneous Ventricular Septal Defect Closure in Patients Under 1 Year of Age.

Untreated ventricular septal defect (VSD) is an important cause of congestive heart failure in early infancy. Growth is impaired in this population, and surgical closure is challenging because of congestion in the lungs, making infants prone to respiratory infection, and because of their poor nutritional status. The aim of this study is to share our experience with percutaneous VSD closure in patients under 1 year of age.

Investigating the relationship between plasma neuropeptide-S levels and clinical depression.

Purpose: Neuropeptide-S (NPS) is a novel 20-amino acid peptide, mainly expressed in the central nervous system and endocrine tissues. NPS has been linked to anxiety and fear-related behaviors. The association of NPS with depression in a human population has not been previously examined.

Thiol/disulphide homeostasis in thoracic aortic aneurysm and acute aortic syndrome.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether ranging values of thiol and disulphide herald a dilatation or impending acute aortic syndrome at thoracic aorta. Results/methodology: Study population consisted of patients with aortic aneurysm (n = 58), with acute aortic syndrome (n = 32) and without aortic aneurysm (control group; n = 61). A spectrophotometric method was used to determine thiol and disulphide.

Genital automatisms: Reappraisal of a remarkable but ignored symptom of focal seizures.

Objectives: Genital automatisms (GAs) are uncommon clinical phenomena of focal seizures. They are defined as repeated fondling, grabbing, or scratching of the genitals. The aim of this study was to determine the lateralizing and localizing value and associated clinical characteristics of GAs.

Effects of quercitrin on bacterial translocation in a rat model of experimental colitis.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the effects of quercitrin, which has anti-inflammatory properties, on bacterial translocation in inflammatory bowel diseases by using an experimental colitis model.

Methods: Forty male Wistar-Albino rats were used in the study. Rats were divided into 4 groups (control, colitis, treatment 1 and 2 groups).

Reevaluation of the Critically Ill Patients With Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus by Using Salzburg Consensus Criteria.

Objective: We aimed to assess the usefulness of the Salzburg Consensus Criteria (SCC) for determining the prognosis of critically ill patients with nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with unconsciousness followed up in the intensive care unit (ICU). Three clinical neurophysiologists, one of them blinded to clinical and laboratory data, reevaluated all EEG data independently and determined NCSE according to SCC.

Cytotoxic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of (Lam.) Willd. subsp. Extract.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic potential of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanolic extracts of subsp. .

Materials And Methods: L.

The Impact of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Oxidative Stress in Subjects With Medication-Resistant Depression.

Objectives: Recent studies have shown that oxidative stress is involved in the neurobiology of depression. We investigated the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on a novel oxidative stress marker, thiol-disulfide homeostasis, in subjects with medication-resistant major depression (MRD).

Methods: Twenty-six subjects with MRD underwent 15 rTMS sessions.

Is hypertension the fate of aortic coarctation patients treated with Cheatham Platinum (CP) stent?

Aim: The aim of this study is to address the presence of hypertension and risk for cardiovascular diseases in patients with Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA) who were treated with endovascular stent placement.

Methods: Twenty patients (mean age: 14.2 ± 3.

Delta Brush Pattern Is Not Unique to NMDAR Encephalitis: Evaluation of Two Independent Long-Term EEG Cohorts.

Purpose: Although its specificity has not previously been investigated in other cohorts, delta brush pattern (DBP) is increasingly reported in the EEGs of patients with anti- N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis.

Methods: We aimed to investigate the DBP in the EEGs of 2 cohorts; patients with change in consciousness for various causes monitored in the intensive care unit (ICU) (n = 106) and patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) with or without antineuronal antibodies (n = 76).

Results: These patients were investigated for the presence of DBP, defined as an EEG pattern characterized by delta activity at 1 to 3 Hz with superimposed bursts of rhythmic 12- to 30-Hz activity.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus closure in preterms less than 2kg: Surgery versus transcatheter.

Background: As new devices come into the market, percutaneous techniques improve and interventionalists become more experienced; percutaneous closure gets more common in preterms. In this study we aimed to compare efficacy and safety of Patent Ductus Arteriosus closure surgically versus transcatheter method in preterms <2kg. Best of our knowledge this study is the first one that compares outcomes of surgery and percutaneous Patent Ductus Arteriosus closure in preterms.

The Importance of Mean Neutrophil Volume (MNV) Values in Differential Diagnosis of Bacterial Sepsis.

Introduction: Bloodstream infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Blood cultures and other laboratory tests are used for diagnosis. Among these tests, the mean neutrophil volume (MNV) value is reported as a potential indicator that supports the diagnosis of sepsis.

Peri-ictal Prone Position Is Associated With Independent Risk Factors For Sudden Unexpected Death In Epilepsy: A Controlled Video-EEG Monitoring Unit Study.

Introduction: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a major cause of death in patients with chronic drug-resistant epilepsy, and peri-ictal prone position has been elucidated as a risk factor for SUDEP. We aimed to investigate consecutive patients in peri-ictal prone positions in our video EEG monitoring (VEM) unit and compare patients with and without peri-ictal prone position to emphasize its relationship with other independent risk factors for SUDEP.

Methods: We retrospectively screened all patients with peri-ictal prone position who underwent VEM for a 10-year period and these patients constituted the prone (+) group.

Case Report: Nicolau syndrome due to etofenamate injection.

Nicolau syndrome, also known as embolia cutis medicomentosa, is a rare complication characterized by tissue necrosis that occurs after injection of drugs. The exact pathogenesis is uncertain, but there are several hypotheses, including direct damage to the end artery and cytotoxic effects of the drug. Severe pain in the immediate postinjection period and purplish discoloration of the skin with reticulate pigmentary pattern is characteristic of this syndrome.

Predictors of outcomes and refractoriness in status epilepticus: A prospective study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of outcomes and refractoriness in status epilepticus (SE).

Methods: This is a prospective study of 59 adult patients with SE who were admitted to the Emergency Department between February 2012 and December 2013. The effects of clinical, demographic, and electrophysiologic features of patients with SE were evaluated.

Glial and neuronal antibodies in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Headache and visual disturbances are the main presenting symptoms of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) characterized by increased intracranial pressure (ICP) with an unknown cause. We aimed to investigate the antibodies against optic neuritis-associated glial antigens, aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and uncharacterized neuronal membrane antigens in IIH patients. Consecutive patients diagnosed according to Friedman revised diagnostic criteria and control subjects were included after their consent.

Case Report: Lupoid cutaneous leishmaniasis mimicking verruca plana.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an infectious disease caused by various species of leishmania protozoan parasites. Lupoid CL is a rare form of CL that has a stunning similarity to other granulomatous cutaneous conditions of infectious or inflammatory origin. Verruca plana, also known as a "flat wart", is a benign proliferation of the skin resulting from infection with human papilloma virus (HPV).

Electroencephalographic Patterns Recorded by Continuous EEG Monitoring in Patients with Change of Consciousness in the Neurological Intensive Care Unit.

Introduction: Our aim was to examine the frequency of various electrographic patterns including periodic discharges (PD), repetitive spike waves (RSW), rhythmic delta activities (RDA), nonconvulsive seizures (NCS) and nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in continuous EEG monitoring (cEEG) of the critically ill patients with change of consciousness and the presence of specific clinical and laboratory findings associated with these important patterns in this study.

Methods: Patients with changes of consciousness in the neurological intensive care unit (NICU) were consecutively monitored with cEEG during 2 years. Their clinical, electrophysiological, radiological and laboratory findings were evaluated retrospectively.