Ocular hemodynamics in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: To evaluate retinal vascular changes by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 21 patients who were diagnosed with MIS-C and had a history of hospitalization, 20 pediatric outpatients with a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis, and 26 healthy children. All patients underwent a detailed ophthalmologic examination and OCTA.

Is Intravitreal Injection of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Effective for the Treatment of Refractory Diabetic Macular Edema in Patients With Posterior Vitreous Detachment?

Objective: To determine whether intravitreal injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA) is effective for the treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema (DME) in patients who already had posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).

Methods: It is a retrospective chart review of the patients with refractory DME and PVD. The efficacy of intravitreal injection of rTPA was assessed based on the changes in central macular thickness (CMT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in these patients.

A Modified Girth-Hitch Suture Technique to Rescue Single-Haptic Dislocation of Scleral-Fixated Intraocular Lenses.

Purpose: To describe the technique of modified girth-hitch suture for one-side transscleral fixation to rescue a single-haptic dislocation.

Methods: In this surgical technique report, dislocated scleral-fixated posterior-chamber intraocular lenses (IOLs) were secured to the sclera using a 10-0 polypropylene suture looped around the IOL haptic. Three types of IOL were secured in this study (four cases of one-piece polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) IOL, one case of three-piece acrylic IOL with PMMA loop, and one case of acrylic foldable IOL with a two-plate loop design).

Assessment of the Choroidal Vascular Structure in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Purpose: To evaluate the choroidal vascular structure in cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Methods: This prospective study included 38 eyes of 19 patients with MIS-C and 60 eyes of 30 healthy participants. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was performed at 1 month after diagnosis in the MIS-C group.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia endophthalmitis following keratoplasty.

Endophthalmitis is among the most sight-threatening infections in ophthalmology practice. Many microorganisms causing endophthalmitis have been reported. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is among the rare causes of endophthalmitis and has been reported after cataract surgery, intravitreal injections and ocular trauma.

Effects of Sinovac-Coronavac and Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccines on choroidal and retinal vascular system.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of Sinovac-Coronavac and Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccines on choroidal and retinal vascular system using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 63 healthy participants (29 with Pfizer-BioNTech, 34 with Sinovac-CoronaVac) were evaluated after the first dose of vaccination. Vessel density (VD) of the superficial (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and choriocapillaris (CC) were measured with OCTA.

Effect of Nondominant Left-Handed Phacoemulsification Surgery on Corneal Endothelium.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of phacoemulsification surgery performed with the nondominant left hand on the corneal endothelium.

Methods: The study included 160 patients who were followed up for at least six months after uneventful cataract surgery. Seventy-seven patients who underwent nondominant left-handed phacoemulsification were evaluated as Group 1 and 83 patients who underwent dominant right-handed phacoemulsification were evaluated as Group 2.

Early effects of inactivated (CoronaVac) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on retrobulbar vascular blood flow and retinal vascular density.

Aims: We aimed to investigate the early effects of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on retrobulbar vascular blood flow and retinal vascular density in healthy subjects.

Methods: Thirty-four eyes of 34 healthy volunteers who received the CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences, China) were included in this prospective study. Resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and the temporal and nasal posterior ciliary arteries (PCA) were evaluated with color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) before vaccination, at the 2nd and 4th weeks after vaccination.

Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for Macular Hole Closure.

An idiopathic macular hole is an anatomic defect of the neurosensory retina that develops in the fovea. In this report, we present three macular hole cases that are refractory standard macular hole surgery and treated with AM transplantation (AMT). We reached anatomical success in all three cases without any complications or adverse effects.

Real Life Multicenter Comparison of 24-Month Outcomes of Anti-VEGF Therapy in Diabetic Macular Edema in Turkey: Ranibizumab vs. Aflibercept vs. Ranibizumab-Aflibercept Switch.

The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with aflibercept (AFB) or ranibizumab (RNB) only, and after switching from RNB to AFB. This was a retrospective, real-world, multicenter (7 cities) 24 month study. Overall, 212 eyes in the AFB group, 461 in the RNB group, and 141 in the RNB to AFB group were included.

Evaluation of the optical coherence tomography findings of patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane.

Background: This study aimed to determine the relationship between basal visual acuity (VA) and basal optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters of patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM).

Methods: The study included 200 eyes of 200 patients with iERM. In the evaluation of basal VAs, logMAR 0.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in diabetic macular edema: real-life outcomes from a multicenter study in Turkey over 36 months.

Purpose: This study aimed to report the visual and anatomical outcomes of intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) in a real-world clinical setting from Turkey over 36 months.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter (7 sites) study. The medical records of 1072 eyes (both previously treated and naive eyes) of 706 consecutive patients with visual impairment due to center-involving DME treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF injections between April 2007 and February 2017 were reviewed.

Assessment of Plasma Thiol-disulfide Balance in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma.

Objectives: The thiol-disulfide balance is very important in cellular events such as apoptosis and oxidative stress. This study is a comparison of plasma thiol-disulfide homeostasis in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEXS) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG).

Methods: Thirty-one patients with PEXS, 43 patients with PEXG, and 38 healthy controls were included in this prospective study.

Electrolyte, Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress Levels of Aqueous Humor in Patients with Retinal Detachment and Silicone Oil Tamponade.

: To enlighten the pathogenesis of silicone oil (SiO)-related complications via measuring aqueous humor levels of electrolytes, nitric oxide (NO), and oxidative stress in SiO, retinal detachment (RD), and control groups. : In this prospective study, 56 patients were grouped as SiO ( = 29), RD ( = 12), and control ( = 15). The results of pre- and post-operative ophthalmological examinations, aqueous humor electrolyte and NO levels, total antioxidant and oxidant status (TAS, TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were analyzed.

Crocin, a plant-derived carotenoid, modulates microglial reactivity.

Microglia activation plays an important role in immune responses in the CNS including the retina. Crocin, a plant-derived carotenoid, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative capacity in models of retinal damage and degeneration. If these neuroprotective effects could be mediated by direct modulation of microglial cells is unclear.

Alteration of retinal layers in healthy subjects over 60 years of age until nonagenarians.

Purpose: To assess alterations of retinal layers in healthy subjects over 60 years old.

Methods: Retinal layers of 160 healthy subjects (aged 60-100 years) without any retinal pathology were imaged using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Mean thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell/inner plexiform layer (GCLIPL), inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer/outer nuclear layer, photoreceptor complex (PR) and retinal thickness (RT) were measured in a 3.

Intravitreal PRN ranibizumab treatment for macular edemadue to branch retinal vein occlusion.

Background/aim: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal pro re nata (PRN) ranibizumab treatment from the start on the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the central retinal thickness (CRT) in macular edema (ME) due to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Materials And Methods: Patients with ME secondary to BRVO, who were treated on a PRN basis after a single intravitreal ranibizumab injection, were retrospectively evaluated. The main outcome measures were changes in BCVA and CRT as measured by optical coherence tomography.

Impact of dehydration and fasting on intraocular pressure and corneal biomechanics measured by the Ocular Response Analyzer.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of dehydration and fasting on the intraocular pressure (IOP) and corneal biomechanics during Ramadan in healthy subjects.

Methods: A total of 36 healthy fasting male volunteers with a mean age of 32.7 ± 5.

Effect of cataract surgery in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: further evidence from disciform scars.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of cataract surgery on disease activation and visual outcomes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, study arm consisted of neovascular AMD patients, who underwent phacoemulsification surgery. Patients did not have any disease activation at least 6 months before the inclusion, and all had at least 12-month follow-up thereafter.

A novel marker in acute central serous chorioretinopathy: thiol/disulfide homeostasis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostatic status in acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients by using a novel and automated assay determining dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis.

Methods: Fifty-one patients with acute CSCR (study group) and 65 healthy individuals (control group) were enrolled in this study. Diagnosis of acute CSCR was made clinically and using spectral-domain RTVue OCT (optical coherence tomography) (Optovue, Fremont, CA).

Clinical outcomes of 25-gauge vitrectomy surgery for vitreoretinal diseases: comparison of vitrectomy alone and phaco-vitrectomy.

Aim: To compare the clinical outcomes of combined 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and phacoemulsification/posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) implantation with vitrectomy alone surgery in patients with various vitreoretinal diseases.

Methods: A total of 306 eyes (145 with PPV alone and 161 with phaco-vitrectomy) were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. The surgical approach was 25-gauge PPV combined with phacoemulsification and PC-IOL implantation at the same time in eyes in phaco-vitrectomy group and only PPV in eyes in vitrectomy alone surgery group.

A Novel Tool for the Assessment Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis Revisited.

Purpose: To investigate thiol/disulfide status using a novel automated assay in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) compared to age-matched healthy controls.

Methods: A total of 64 AMD patients [51 (79%) non-exudative, 13 (21%) exudative AMD] and 21 age-matched healthy control subjects were enrolled in this study. Plasma total thiol, native thiol, disulfide levels were measured and native thiol/disulfide ratio (TDR) was calculated using a novel spectrophotometric assay.

Comparison of early dexamethasone retreatment versus standard dexamethasone regimen combined with PRN ranibizumab in diabetic macular edema.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of as-needed dexamethasone (DEX) retreatment compared with standard DEX retreatment combined with PRN ranibizumab injections among patients with persistent diabetic macular edema (DME). Twenty-eight patients with persistent macular edema having recurrence earlier than 6 months after initial DEX implantation were included in this retrospective study. Group I consisted of 13 patients retreated using monthly PRN ranibizumab injections combined with standard 6-monthly DEX implantation; Group II consisted of 15 patients retreated with DEX implantation earlier than 6 months on an "as-needed" basis.