Echinops Asteraceae extract guards against malathion-induced liver damage via minimizing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Malathion (MAL) is one of the highly toxic organophosphorus (OP) compounds that induces hepatotoxicity. Echinops. ritro leaves extract (ERLE) is traditionally used in the treatment of bacterial/fungal infections.

Integration of Chemoinformatics and Multi-Omics Analysis Defines ECT2 as a Potential Target for Cancer Drug Therapy.

Epithelial cell transforming 2 (ECT2) is a potential oncogene and a number of recent studies have correlated it with the progression of several human cancers. Despite this elevated attention for ECT2 in oncology-related reports, there is no collective study to combine and integrate the expression and oncogenic behavior of ECT2 in a panel of human cancers. The current study started with a differential expression analysis of ECT2 in cancerous versus normal tissue.

Integration of Ultrastructural and Computational Approaches Reveals the Protective Effect of Astaxanthin against BPA-Induced Nephrotoxicity.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental contaminant that can induce deleterious organ effects. Human Cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 enzyme belongs to the essential xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, producing ROS as a byproduct. Astaxanthin (ATX) is a powerful antioxidant that protects organs and tissues from the damaging effects of oxidative stress caused by various diseases.

Integrative analysis of WDR12 as a potential prognostic and immunological biomarker in multiple human tumors.

: Mammalian WD-repeat protein 12 (WDR12), a family member of proteins containing repeats of tryptophan-aspartic acid (WD), is a potential homolog of yeast Ytm1p and consists of seven repeats of WD. : This study aims to investigate the potential oncogenic effects of WDR12 in various human malignancies throughout a pan-cancer analysis that has been carried out to examine the various patterns in which this gene is expressed and behaves in tumor tissues. : Herein, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and various computational tools to explore expression profiles, prognostic relevance, genetic mutations, immune cell infiltration, as well as the functional characteristics of WDR12 in multiple human cancers.

An Unusual Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Ischiorectal Region.

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare fibroblastic/myofibroblastic proliferations that occur in a wide range of anatomical sites. These tumors have nonspecific clinical presentations often with unpredictable biological behavior. SFTs can be slow growing low-risk tumors or rapidly growing high-risk tumors.

A Unique Coexistence of Rectal Adenocarcinoma and Gastric Antral Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Case Report and Minireview.

Several studies have reported the coexistence of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) with many primary carcinomas such as gastric and renal cell carcinomas. However, to date reports about the coexistence of gastric GISTs and colorectal adenocarcinoma are limited. Herein we report a unique case of gastric GIST coexisting synchronously with rectal adenocarcinoma in a 36-year-old male patient who presented with weight loss, vomiting, and bleeding per rectum.

Potential Protective Effect of Vitamin C on Qunalphos-Induced Cardiac Toxicity: Histological and Tissue Biomarker Assay.

Insecticides and toxicants abound in nature, posing a health risk to humans. Concurrent exposure to many environmental contaminants has been demonstrated to harm myocardial performance and reduce cardiac oxidative stress. The purpose of this research was to study the protective effect of vitamin C (Vit C) on quinalphos (QP)-induced cardiac tissue damage in rats.

Grape seed extract protects against amiodarone - induced nephrotoxicity and ultrastructural alterations associated with the inhibition of biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in rats.

Amiodarone (AMD) is one of the highly effective antiarrhythmic agents used for treating refractory arrhythmias. It is well known to have long-term administration side effects such as nephrotoxicity. The possible ameliorative effects of antioxidant grape seed extract; on the extent of tissue damage in AMD-induced nephrotoxicity has not been investigated before.

Exendin-4 Attenuates Remodeling in the Remote Myocardium of Rats After an Acute Myocardial Infarction by Activating β-Arrestin-2, Protein Phosphatase 2A, and Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 and Inhibiting β-Catenin.

Purpose: This study tested if the protective anti-remodeling effect of GLP-1 agonist Exendin-4 after an acute myocardial infarction (MI) in rats involves inhibition of the Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Methods: Rats were divided into sham, sham + Exendin-4 (10 μg/day, i.p), MI, and MI + Exendin-4.

Minocycline protects against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity and testicular damage in Sprague-Dawley rats.

This study investigated the protective effects of minocycline against acrylamide (ACR)-induced neurotoxicity and testicular damage in Sprague-Dawley rats. Forty rats were divided into five groups (eight rats each). Group I received saline (0.

Exendin-4 Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Upregulation of SIRT1 and SIRT3 and Activation of AMPK.

This study evaluated if the cardioprotective effect of Exendin-4 against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in male rats involves modulation of AMPK and sirtuins. Adult male rats were divided into sham, sham + Exendin-4, I/R, I/R + Exendin-4, and I/R + Exendin-4 + EX-527, a sirt1 inhibitor. Exendin-4 reduced infarct size and preserved the function and structure of the left ventricles (LV) of I/R rats.

Vitamin E protects against monosodium glutamate-induced acute liver injury and hepatocyte ultrastructural alterations in rats.

Food additives such as nitrates and nitrites, and monosodium glutamate (MSG) used in the food industry increase the risk of certain cancers and inflict damage to vital organs. We sought to determine whether the antioxidant vitamin E can protect against liver injuries induced by a toxic dose of MSG in a rat model of MSG-induced acute liver injury. The model group of rats received a daily dose of MSG (4 gm/kg) for 7 days, whereas the protective groups were either received a 100 mg/kg vitamin E plus MSG or 300 mg/kg vitamin E plus MSG for 7 days.

Ultrastructural changes of extraocular muscles in strabismus patients.

Strabismus is an ocular disorder characterized by partial or complete inability to keep eye alignment. It represents a very common ocular problem at ophthalmology clinics worldwide. The current study aimed to show the most encountered ultrastructural changes in extraocular muscles (EOMs) collected from patients with different forms of strabismus.

Neurotoxic effects of acrylamide on dopaminergic neurons in primary mesencephalic cell culture.

Introduction: Exposure to acrylamide is increasing worldwide as a result of its heavy use in industry and formation in carbohydrate-rich food cooked at high temperature. Despite its neurotoxicity, no studies have shown its toxic effects on dopaminergic neurons yet. Therefore, the current study was carried out to show whether acrylamide adversely affects primary cultured dopaminergic neurons.

Chronic consumption of a high-fat diet rich in corn oil activates intrinsic cell death pathway and induces several ultrastructural changes in the atria of healthy and type 1 diabetic rat.

This study investigates the effect of chronic consumption of a high-fat diet rich in corn oil (CO-HFD) on atrial cells ultrastructure, antioxidant levels and markers of intrinsic cell death of both control and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)-induced rats. Adult male rats (10 rats/group) were divided into four groups: control fed standard diet (STD) (3.82 kcal/g, 9.

Awareness and Attitude of University Students About Screening and Testing for Hemoglobinopathies: Case Study of the Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia.

Hemoglobinopathies can disturb a patient's life style leading to community problems. Premarital screening is an important tool to control and minimize hemoglobinopathies. This study aimed to assess and improve the awareness and attitude of King Khalid University (KKU) [Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)] students in the Aseer Region, regarding hemoglobinopathies and the National Premarital Screening Programme (NPMS) in addition to screening for hemoglobin (Hb) variants of students who agreed to participate.

Rotenone: from modelling to implication in Parkinson's disease.

Rotenone ([2R-(2α,6aα,12aα)]-1,2,12,12a-tetrahydro-8,9-dimethoxy-2-(1-methylethenyl)-[1]benzopyran[3,4-b]furo [2,3-h][1]benzopyran-6(6aH)-one) is a naturally occurring compound derived from the roots and stems of Derris, Tephrosia, Lonchocarpus and Mundulea plant species. Since its discovery at the end of the 19th century, rotenone has been widely used as a pesticide for controlling insects, ticks and lice, and as a piscicide for management of nuisance fish in lakes and reservoirs. In 2000, Betarbet et al.

Long-term neurotoxic effects of domoic acid on primary dopaminergic neurons.

Domoic acid, an excitatory neurotoxin produced by certain algae, reaches the food chain through accumulation in some sea organisms. To investigate its long-term neurotoxicity on dopaminergic neurons, prepared primary mesencephalic cell cultures were exposed to different concentrations of domoic acid (0.1, 1, 10, 100 μM) on the 8th day in vitro (DIV) for 4 days.

Radiation-induced damage to lacrimal glands: an ultrastructural study in Sprague Dawley rats.

Injury to lacrimal glands represents a major health problem after radiation therapy of the head and neck malignancies. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate significant ultrastructural changes of lacrimal glands and some of their underlying mechanisms following the exposure to different fractionated doses of irradiation. In this study, 28 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were assigned to four groups (seven rats each): Group I acted as control and received no irradiation.

Neurotoxic effects of domoic acid on dopaminergic neurons in primary mesencephalic cell culture.

Introduction: Domoic acid is a potent marine neurotoxin produced by certain species of the diatom genus Pseudonitzschia. To our knowledge, there are no studies that have investigated neurotoxic effects of domoic acid on dopaminergic neurons. Accordingly, the present study was carried out to investigate the potential neurotoxic effects of domoic acid on dopaminergic neurons in primary mesencephalic cell culture.

Subacute ghrelin administration inhibits apoptosis and improves ultrastructural abnormalities in remote myocardium post-myocardial infarction.

This study investigated the effect of ghrelin on cardiomyocytes function, apoptosis and ultra-structural alterations of remote myocardium of the left ventricle (LV) of rats, 21 days post myocardial infarction (MI). Rats were divided into 4 groups as a control, a sham-operated rats, a sham-operated+ghrelin, an MI + vehicle and an MI + ghrelin-treated rats. MI was induced by LAD ligation and then rats were recievd a concomitant doe of either normal saline as a vehicle or treated with ghrelin (100 μg/kg S.

Ultrastructural changes induced by Solanum incanum aqueous extract on HCT 116 colon cancer cells.

Medicinal plants have recently gained increasing scientific interest as an important source of molecules with different therapeutic potentials. Accordingly, the present study was carried out to investigate ultrastructural changes induced by the aqueous extract of Solanum incanum (SI) fruit on human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT 116 cells). Examination of SI-treated HCT 116 cells with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated numerous ultrastructural changes in the form of loss of the surface microvilli, mitochondrial damage and dilatation of cristae, and formation of autophagic vacuoles and increasing numbers of lipid droplets.

Ghrelin prevents cardiac cell apoptosis during cardiac remodelling post experimentally induced myocardial infarction in rats via activation of Raf-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signalling.

Context: Mechanisms by which ghrelin affords its cardioprotection in mammals remained unclear.

Objective: To examine if ghrelin confers cardio-protection during cardiac remodelling post-MI by modulating the RAF-1-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signalling pathway.

Materials And Methods: Rats were divided into control, sham, sham + ghrelin, myocardial infarction (MI), and MI + ghrelin groups.

Cardioprotective effect of ghrelin against myocardial infarction-induced left ventricular injury via inhibition of SOCS3 and activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling.

The molecular mechanisms through which ghrelin exerts its cardioprotective effects during cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction (MI) are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the cardioprotection mechanisms are mediated by modulation of JAK/STAT signaling and what triggers this modulation. Rats were divided into six groups (n = 12/group): control, sham, sham + ghrelin (100 µg/kg, s.