Protective effects of resveratrol and naringenin against nonylphenol-induced oxidative stress in rats.

Nonylphenol (NP) is a ubiquitous environmental endocrine disrupting chemical and oxidative stress inducer in biological systems. Resveratrol (RES) and Naringenin (NG) are phytochemicals possessing antioxidant properties and estrogenic activity. This study was conducted to investigate the toxicity of NP and the mitigating effects of RES and NG on NP toxicity in rats.

Eco-friendly green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from guajava leaves extract for controlling organophosphorus pesticides hazards, characterization, and in-vivo toxicity assessment.

This study explores an eco-friendly approach to mitigate risks associated with organophosphorus insecticides, particularly Chlorpyrifos, by synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Psidium guajava leaf extract and preparing a nanocomposite (AgNPs/S18) with Chlorpyrifos pesticide. The green-synthesized AgNPs and AgNPs/S18 nanocomposite were characterized using various analytical techniques, confirming the successful synthesis of AgNPs with an average size of 37 nm and forming a stable nanocomposite. Antibacterial assays demonstrated significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with AgNPs showing an 87.

Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of UTI-causing uropathogenic bacteria in diabetics and non-diabetics at the Maternity and Children Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: One of the most prevalent and recurrent infectious diseases that can range from moderate to fatal is urinary tract infection (UTI). Broad-spectrum antibiotics are the only management strategy for UTIs in ambulators and hospital stays. Due to the ongoing emergence of antibiotic resistance among uropathogens, there is a need for proper selection of antibiotics for empirical therapy against UTIs.

A global prevalence of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use among students: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 4,189,145 subjects.

Background: The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), including e-cigarettes, vape pens, hookah pens, e-cigars, and e-pipes, has grown in popularity worldwide, particularly among young individuals. However, these products are not without risks, as their emissions may contain harmful substances such as diacetyl (a flavoring agent linked to specific pulmonary problems in high concentrations), tobacco-specific nitrosamines, and volatile organic compounds with unknown long-term effects on lung health.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of ENDS use among school and college students on a global scale.

Assessing the Quality of Life of Parents of Children With Thalassemia: A Cross-Sectional Study in Medina City, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Thalassemia is a group of genetic disorders that result in a lack of hemoglobin (Hb) production. Children with thalassemia rely on regular blood transfusions for survival, which places a significant burden on their families and negatively impacts their quality of life (QOL).

Objective: This study aimed to assess QOL from the perspective of parents of thalassemic children in Medina City, Saudi Arabia.

The Association between Maternal Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Exposure during Pregnancy and the Incidence of Male Urogenital Defects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The increasing incidence of hypospadias and cryptorchidism, coupled with the widespread presence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has raised concerns about the potential impact of these environmental factors on male urogenital development. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between maternal exposure to various EDCs and the risk of hypospadias and cryptorchidism. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from inception until May 2024.

Pesticide exposure and spontaneous abortion risk: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Backgrounds And Aim: Exposure to pesticides has been proposed as a potential contributor to adverse pregnancy outcomes, possibly through the induction of inflammation, oxidative stress, and disruption of endocrine functions. Nevertheless, the definitive link between prenatal pesticide exposure and the risk of Spontaneous Abortion (SAB) remains uncertain. The objective of this systematic review is to explore and analyze the existing evidence regarding the link between pesticide exposure and the risk of SAB.

Effect of medication adherence on quality of life, activation measures, and health imagine in the elderly people: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Usually, old age brings a poor quality of life due to illness and frailty. To prolong their lives and ensure their survival, all elderly patients with chronic diseases must adhere to their medications. In our study, we investigate medication adherence for elderly patients and its impact on the general health of the patient.

Knowledge and Awareness of Adults towards Nocturnal Enuresis in Children among the Medina Population.

Nocturnal Enuresis (NE) is a common problem among children that is stressful for both the child and adults. There is a lack of adults' knowledge and awareness of the NE condition. This study aimed to evaluate the adults' knowledge and awareness of NE in Medina City, Saudi Arabia.

Awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Healthcare Centers in Madinah, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Saudi Arabia is among the highest in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions. Various complications of DM can cause problems in the long term. One of the most prevalent microvascular problems and the primary cause of blindness is diabetic retinopathy (DR), and a significant proportion of the population with diabetes eventually develop diabetes retinopathy.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward the Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Medical Students in Medina City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: This study focuses on assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevention among medical students in Medina, Saudi Arabia. HBV is a significant global health concern, with a high prevalence in Saudi Arabia. Medical students due to their field, are at higher risk of exposure.

Application of Virtual Reality-Assisted Exergaming on the Rehabilitation of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Rehabilitation programs for children with cerebral palsy (CP) aim to improve their motor and cognitive skills through repeated and progressively challenging exercises. However, these exercises can be tedious and demotivating, which can affect the effectiveness and feasibility of the programs. To overcome this problem, virtual reality VR-assisted exergaming has emerged as a novel modality of physiotherapy that combines fun and motivation with physical activity.

Safety and efficacy of combined ropivacaine and sufentanil compared with ropivacaine for cesarean sections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cesarean sections are the most common operations in the United States and one of the most common worldwide. Using the lowest possible dose of anesthetic that provides painless delivery with the lowest adverse events is a major concern. We investigated the efficacy and safety of combined ropivacaine and sufentanil by pooling data from relevant studies.

Efficacy of resveratrol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic and hormonal condition affecting women of a reproductive age. It causes an abnormal menstrual cycle, anovulation, infertility, acne, hirsutism, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disorders. Because resveratrol decreases testosterone levels, it may be of value in treating PCOS.

The degree of nicotine dependence among users of different tobacco and nicotine products in Madinah City, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Nicotine addiction has many consequences. The World Health Organization has classified nicotine dependence as a disorder of substance use. This study aimed to assess the dependence in users of different tobacco and/or nicotine-containing products (TNPs).

Safety and efficacy of daridorexant in the treatment of insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Daridorexant is a novel dual orexin receptor antagonist used in treating insomnia disorder. Daridorexant improves sleep quality without impairing daytime functioning. We assess the safety and efficacy of this novel drug in the treatment of insomnia.

Efficacy of ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel in improving endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease: a systematic review.

Background: Ticagrelor and clopidogrel are antiplatelet drugs that act by binding to the adenosine diphosphate P2Y12 receptor. Previous studies have compared between them regarding the endothelial function effect.

Objectives: This systematic review aims to summarize the evidence comparing the efficacy of ticagrelor vs.

Effectiveness and Safety of Abrocitinib in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritic, intense itching, and eczematous lesions affecting about 25% of children and 2% to 3% of adults worldwide. Abrocitinib is a selective inhibitor of Janus kinase-1 (JAK1) enzyme inhibiting the inflammatory process. Therefore, we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of abrocitinib for moderate-to-severe AD.

High circulatory leptin mediated NOX-2-peroxynitrite-miR21 axis activate mesangial cells and promotes renal inflammatory pathology in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

High circulatory insulin and leptin followed by underlying inflammation are often ascribed to the ectopic manifestations in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but the exact molecular pathways remain unclear. We have shown previously that CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress and circulating leptin in NAFLD is associated with renal disease severity. Extending the studies, we hypothesized that high circulatory leptin in NAFLD causes renal mesangial cell activation and tubular inflammation via a NOX2 dependent pathway that upregulates proinflammatory miR21.