Source apportionment of PM in Thailand's deep south by principal component analysis and impact of transboundary haze.

Atmospheric particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micron (PM) was evaluated at four sites in the lower southern part of Thailand during 2019-2020 to understand the impact of PM transport from peatland fires in Indonesia on air quality during the southwest monsoon season. Mass concentration and chemical bound-PM, including carbon composition, e.

Airborne particulate matter from biomass burning in Thailand: Recent issues, challenges, and options.

Many of the current atmospheric environmental problems facing Thailand are linked to air pollution that is largely derived from biomass burning. Different parts of Thailand have distinctive sources of biomass emissions that affect air quality. The main contributors to atmospheric particulate matter (PM), especially the PM fraction in Thailand, were highlighted in a recent study of PM derived from biomass burning.

A Study of Urban Haze and Its Association with Cold Surge and Sea Breeze for Greater Bangkok.

This study deals with haze characteristics under the influence of the cold surge and sea breeze for Greater Bangkok (GBK) in 2017-2022, including haze intensity and duration, meteorological classification for haze, and the potential effects of secondary aerosols and biomass burning. A total of 38 haze episodes and 159 haze days were identified. The episode duration varies from a single day to up to 14 days, suggesting different pathways of its formation and evolution.

Fine and ultrafine particle- and gas-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons affecting southern Thailand air quality during transboundary haze and potential health effects.

Distribution of PM, PM and PM particle- and gas-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the 2019 normal, partial and strong haze periods at a background location in southern Thailand were investigated to understand the behaviors and carcinogenic risks. PM was the predominant component, during partial and strong haze periods, accounting for 45.1% and 52.

Characteristics of trace elements bound to ambient nanoparticles (PM) and a health risk assessment in southern Thailand.

Ambient nanoparticles, or PM and thirteen trace elements (Al, Ba, K, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ni, Na, Mn, Mg, Ti, Pb, and Zn) were studied in Hat Yai, Thailand during the year 2018. The annual average PM mass concentration was 8.45 ± 1.

Size-fractionated carbonaceous aerosols down to PM in southern Thailand: Local and long-range transport effects.

In this study, size-fractionated particulate matters (PM) down to ultrafine (PM) particles were collected using a cascade air sampler with a PM stage, in Hat Yai city, Songkhla province, southern Thailand during the year 2018. The particle-bound carbonaceous aerosols (CA) as elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) were quantified with the thermal/optical reflectance method following the IMPROVE_TOR protocol. The concentrations of different temperature carbon fractions (OC1-OC4, EC1-EC3 and PyO) in the size-fractionated PM were evaluated to discern OC and EC correlations as well as those between char-EC and soot-EC.