Overview on new progress of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer with variants.

Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC), comprising 1%-3% of gastric malignances, has been associated with variants. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated more than 100 germline variant types. E-cadherin encoded by the gene serves as a tumor suppressor protein.

Synchronous multiple primary gastrointestinal cancers with mutations: A case report.

Background: Synchronous multiple primary cancers (SMPC) mean two or more malignant tumors occurring simultaneously and with different origins no matter what types they are or where they are located. The carcinogenesis of SMPC often involves variations of some specific genes. However, the correlation between mutations and synchronous multiple primary gastrointestinal cancers is largely unknown.