Sublingual vaccination with sonicated Salmonella proteins and mucosal adjuvant induces mucosal and systemic immunity and protects mice from lethal enteritis.

Salmonella enteritidis is one of the most common pathogens of enteritis. Most experimental vaccines against Salmonella infection have been applied through injections. This is a new trial to explore the effect of sublingual administration of Salmonella vaccines on systemic and mucosal immunity.

Lamotrigine adjunctive therapy in children with refractory epilepsy: a medical center study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adjunctive lamotrigine (LTG) in refractory epilepsy in Taiwan, especially including patients who had undergone ineffective epileptic surgeries. Totally, 27 recruited children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy were treated with LTG add-on therapy, but 23 were enrolled statistically during 2 years period trial. Ten of the 23 patients (43.

Early diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome in a newborn.

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multiple-systemic disorder with many manifestations related to hypothalamic insufficiency, with obesity and behavioral problems as the major causes of morbidity and mortality. We describe a 2-day-old boy who initially presented with neonatal hypotonia and was diagnosed as PWS based on abnormal DNA methylation patterns in the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N (SNRPN) gene at the age of one week, despite the absence of other classical features. Molecular diagnosis for PWS, which has become available in recent years, should be considered for neonates with undiagnosed central hypotonia.

Moyamoya disease initially mimicking MELAS syndrome in a 14-month-old child.

Moyamoya disease is a neurological disease rarely seen in children outside Japan. It is difficult to differentiate moyamoya disease in its early stage from mitochondrial disorders in children when nontraumatic ischemic stroke is considered. We present a 14-month-old Taiwanese female child who had suffered from sudden onset of nontraumatic seizure attack, after which progressive left limb weakness was noted.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection presenting as neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and acute hepatitis in a child.

Extrapulmonary manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia are uncommon and include hematologic, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, dermatologic, and neurologic complications. We report a case of serologically-confirmed M. pneumoniae infection complicated by severe neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and hepatitis.

Meningitis complicating an occult infected nasal epidermoid cyst in a child.

Congenital nasal epidermoid cyst without associated facial dysmorphism is an uncommon anomaly that is often asymptomatic. We report a case of occult nasal epidermoid cyst in a 12-year-old boy with initial nonspecific symptoms of fever, headache, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. An enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a cystic lesion in the frontal skull base with expansion of the foramen cecum and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, accompanied with meningitis.