Pacific decadal oscillation and ENSO forcings of northerly low-level jets in South America.

The hydrological cycle in South America during austral summer, including extreme precipitation and floods, is significantly influenced by northerly low-level jets (LLJs) along the eastern Andes. These synoptic weather events have been associated with three different types of LLJs (Central, Northern, and Andes) and are sensitive to remote large-scale forcings. This study investigates how tropical forcings related to El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) regulate the duration and frequency of each LLJ type and their impacts on extreme precipitation.

Ammonia Sensing Performance at Room Temperature of Ca-Doped CNFs/AlO Gas Sensor.

When NH in the environment exceeds a certain concentration, it may have adverse effects on human health. Ammonia gas sensors currently on the market usually work under high temperatures and are not only expensive but also have poor performance in terms of selectivity. Therefore, the preparation of an ammonia gas sensor that works at room temperature, is low cost, and has high sensitivity and selectivity is particularly important.

Research on the Behavior Recognition of Beef Cattle Based on the Improved Lightweight CBR-YOLO Model Based on YOLOv8 in Multi-Scene Weather.

In modern animal husbandry, intelligent digital farming has become the key to improve production efficiency. This paper introduces a model based on improved YOLOv8, Cattle Behavior Recognition-YOLO (CBR-YOLO), which aims to accurately identify the behavior of cattle. We not only generate a variety of weather conditions, but also introduce multi-target detection technology to achieve comprehensive monitoring of cattle and their status.

GFI-YOLOv8: Sika Deer Posture Recognition Target Detection Method Based on YOLOv8.

As the sika deer breeding industry flourishes on a large scale, accurately assessing the health of these animals is of paramount importance. Implementing posture recognition through target detection serves as a vital method for monitoring the well-being of sika deer. This approach allows for a more nuanced understanding of their physical condition, ensuring the industry can maintain high standards of animal welfare and productivity.

Correction: Individual dairy cow identification based on lightweight convolutional neural network.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Inactivation of Salmonella, Shiga Toxin-producing E. coli, and Listeria monocytogenes in Raw Diet Pet Foods Using High-Pressure Processing.

Pet food formulated with raw meat can pose health risks to pets and humans. High-pressure processing (HPP) was evaluated to achieve a 5-log reduction ofSalmonella,E. coliSTEC, andL.

The clinical implications and molecular features of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with perineural invasion.

Background: Perineural invasion (PNI) is associated with metastasis in malignancies, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and is correlated with poor prognosis.

Methods: The study included three large cohorts: ZS-ICC and TMA cohorts from our team, MSK cohort from a public database, and a small cohort named cohort 4. Prognostic implications of PNI were investigated in MSK cohort and TMA cohort.

Lightweight individual cow identification based on Ghost combined with attention mechanism.

Individual cow identification is a prerequisite for intelligent dairy farming management, and is important for achieving accurate and informative dairy farming. Computer vision-based approaches are widely considered because of their non-contact and practical advantages. In this study, a method based on the combination of Ghost and attention mechanism is proposed to improve ReNet50 to achieve non-contact individual recognition of cows.

Lightweight-Convolutional Neural Network for Apple Leaf Disease Identification.

As a widely consumed fruit worldwide, it is extremely important to prevent and control disease in apple trees. In this research, we designed convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for five diseases that affect apple tree leaves based on the AlexNet model. First, the coarse-grained features of the disease are extracted in the model using dilated convolution, which helps to maintain a large receptive field while reducing the number of parameters.

Endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy versus laparoscopic appendectomy versus open appendectomy for acute appendicitis: a pilot study.

Background: An increasing number of studies have shown the merits of endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) in diagnosing and treating acute uncomplicated appendicitis. However, no related prospective controlled studies have been reported yet. Our aim is to assess the feasibility and safety of ERAT in the treatment of acute uncomplicated appendicitis.

Individual dairy cow identification based on lightweight convolutional neural network.

In actual farms, individual livestock identification technology relies on large models with slow recognition speeds, which seriously restricts its practical application. In this study, we use deep learning to recognize the features of individual cows. Alexnet is used as a skeleton network for a lightweight convolutional neural network that can recognise individual cows in images with complex backgrounds.

SPRY4-AS1, A Novel Enhancer RNA, Is a Potential Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

A growing number of evidence have demonstrated the involvement of enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) in tumor progression. However, the possible functions of eRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unclear. Our present research aimed to screen critical eRNAs and to further delve into the clinical significance of eRNAs in HCC patients.

Integrated MicroRNA Expression Profile Reveals Dysregulated miR-20a-5p and miR-200a-3p in Liver Fibrosis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to involve in liver fibrogenesis. However, the miRNA-gene regulation in liver fibrosis is still unclear. Herein, the miRNA expression profile GSE40744 was obtained to analyze the dysregulated miRNAs between liver fibrosis and normal samples.

FOXA1 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Suppresses Apoptosis in HCC by Directly Regulating miR-212-3p/FOXA1/AGR2 Signaling Pathway.

Background: Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1), acting as a transcriptional activator for liver-specific transcripts, plays a vital part in proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle.

Methods: The mRNA expression of FOXA1 in 90 HCC tissues and matched adjacent non-tumor tissues was determined by qRT-PCR. The downstream and upstream regulators of FOXA1 were identified by bioinformatics analysis and experimental confirmation.

Evaluation of Inactivating Norovirus, Hepatitis A, and on Raspberries by Sanitizer Spray.

Chlorine and PAA spray reduced MNV and from raspberries by <1.0 log. Residual PAA on raspberries further reduced MNV and during postspray frozen storage.

Multilevel Coupled Hybrids Made of Porous Cobalt Oxides and Graphene for High-Performance Lithium Storage.

Metal oxide coupling with carbon materials holds great promise for lithium storage. Herein, multilevel coupled cobalt oxide-graphene (CoO/CO O -G) hybrids were fabricated by in situ assembly of Co hydroxide precursors and a calcination process. The oxygen-containing functional groups on the graphene surface act as bridging sites and tend to bond with Co ions, effectively modifying the morphology and structure of the Co species.

A Trace C₂H₂ Sensor Based on an Absorption Spectrum Technique Using a Mid-Infrared Interband Cascade Laser.

In this study, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) combined with wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) was used to develop a trace C₂H₂ sensor based on the principle of gas absorption spectroscopy. The core of this sensor is an interband cascade laser that releases wavelength locks to the best absorption line of C₂H₂ at 3305 cm (3026 nm) using a driving current and a working temperature control. As the detected result was influenced by 1/ noise caused by the laser or external environmental factors, the TDLAS-WMS technology was used to suppress the 1/ noise effectively, to obtain a better minimum detection limit (MDL) performance.

Pulsed light inactivation of murine norovirus, Tulane virus, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in suspension and on berry surfaces.

Pulsed light (PL) inactivation of two human norovirus (HuNoV) surrogates, murine norovirus (MNV-1) and Tulane virus (TV), and two bacterial pathogens, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella, were evaluated. The viruses and bacteria were suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) to final populations of ∼6 log PFU/mL and ∼6 log CFU/mL, respectively. Both viral and bacterial suspensions were then irradiated by PL for different durations and the reductions of each microorganisms were determined.

Effects of High Hydrostatic Pressure on the Physical, Microbial, and Chemical Attributes of Oysters (Crassostrea virginica).

The change in the quality attributes (physical, microbial, and chemical) of oysters (Crassostrea virginica) after high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment at 300 MPa at room temperature (RT, 25 °C) 300, 450, and 500 MPa at 0 °C for 2 min and control oysters without treatment were evaluated over 3 wk. The texture and tissue yield percentages of oysters HHP treated at 300 MPa, RT increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared to control.

Evaluation of high hydrostatic pressure inactivation of human norovirus on strawberries, blueberries, raspberries and in their purees.

Human norovirus (HuNoV) has been an increasing concern of foodborne illness related to fresh and frozen berries. In this study, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) inactivation of HuNoV on fresh strawberries, blueberries, and raspberries and in their purees was investigated. Porcine gastric mucin (PGM)-conjugated magnetic beads (PGM-MBs) and real-time reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were utilized for infectious HuNoV discrimination and quantification.

A Gnotobiotic Pig Model for Determining Human Norovirus Inactivation by High-Pressure Processing.

Human norovirus (NoV) is responsible for over 90% of outbreaks of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and accounts for 60% of cases of foodborne illness in the United States. Currently, the infectivity of human NoVs is poorly understood due to the lack of a cell culture system. In this study, we determined the survival of a human NoV genogroup II, genotype 4 (GII.

Effects of High-Hydrostatic Pressure on Inactivation of Human Norovirus and Physical and Sensory Characteristics of Oysters.

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of high-hydrostatic pressure (HHP) on inactivation of human norovirus (HuNoV) in oysters and to evaluate organoleptic characteristics of oysters treated at pressure levels required for HuNoV inactivation. Genogroup I.1 (GI.

Inactivation of human norovirus in contaminated oysters and clams by high hydrostatic pressure.

Human norovirus (NoV) is the most frequent causative agent of food-borne disease associated with shellfish consumption. In this study, the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) on inactivation of NoV was determined. Genogroup I.