Using pharmacological chaperones to restore proteostasis.

Normal organismal physiology depends on the maintenance of proteostasis in each cellular compartment to achieve a delicate balance between protein synthesis, folding, trafficking, and degradation while minimizing misfolding and aggregation. Defective proteostasis leads to numerous protein misfolding diseases. Pharmacological chaperones are cell-permeant small molecules that promote the proper folding and trafficking of a protein via direct binding to that protein.

Achromatic Savart polariscope: choice of materials.

This paper presents the achromatization of Savart Polariscope to decrease the lateral-shear dispersion in the lateral displacement. The achromatic Savart Polariscope can be made from two different birefringent crystal materials. The achromatic model for the choices of material is presented.

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves as nutritional and functional foods.

In this study, the nutritional compositions of leaves from 40 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) cultivars were assessed. The correlations between antioxidant activity and crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, carbohydrate, and polyphenol contents were determined.

Cytoprotection of methionine on hyperthermia-induced damage in bovine mammary epithelial cells.

The protective effects of methionine against hyperthermia-induced damage in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) were studied. We have investigated the effects of methionine on proliferation, antioxidant activity, and apoptosis of the mammary epithelial cells of dairy cow after heat treatment. The structure of BMEC membrane was damaged by hyperthermia.

Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) anthocyanins: preventive effect on acute and subacute alcoholic liver damage and dealcoholic effect.

This study aimed to investigate the dealcoholic effect and preventive effect of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (PSPAs) on acute and subacute alcoholic liver damage (ALD). Seven-week-old male inbred mice were grouped into five groups: control group (without PSPAs and ethanol treatments), model group (with ethanol treatment only), low-dose group (50 mg PSPAs/kg body weight), middle-dose group (125 mg PSPAs/kg body weight), and high-dose group (375 mg PSPAs/kg body weight), and the mice in all groups were administered intragastrically. Biochemical parameters of serum and liver were determined, and the histopathological changes of liver tissue were also analyzed.

Investigation of ionic liquids for efficient removal and reliable storage of radioactive iodine: a halogen-bonding case.

A series of ionic liquids (ILs) were investigated for removal and storage of radioactive iodine (I2) waste released by nuclear power plants. The I2 removal efficiency of ILs was dependent upon the anion species while cation species seemed to have little influence. Particularly, the I2 removal efficiency of [Bmim][Br] was higher than 96% in 5 hours.

[Laser induced fluorescence spectrum characteristics of common edible oil and fried cooking oil].

In order to detect the trench oil the authors built a trench oil rapid detection system based on laser induced fluorescence detection technology. This system used 355 nm laser as excitation light source. The authors collected the fluorescence spectrum of a variety of edible oil and fried cooking oil (a kind of trench oil) and then set up a fluorescence spectrum database by taking advantage of the trench oil detection system It was found that the fluorescence characteristics of fried cooking oil and common edible oil were obviously different.

Poly(ethylene glycol) stabilized mesoporous metal-organic framework nanocrystals: efficient and durable catalysts for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol.

Active, selective, and stable: The fabrication of uniform mesoporous Cu3(BTC)2 (BTC: 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate) nanocrystals with tunable size and porosity is reported. The as-synthesized Cu3(BTC)2 structures show high activity, selectivity, and stability for the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to aldehyde.

Changes in the fractal dimension of peri-implant trabecular bone after loading: a retrospective study.

Purpose: To assess bony trabecular changes potentially caused by loading stress around dental implants using fractal dimension analysis.

Methods: Fractal dimensions were measured in 48 subjects by comparing radiographs taken immediately after prosthesis delivery with those taken 1 year after functional loading. Regions of interest were isolated, and fractal analysis was performed using the box-counting method with Image J 1.

SAHA enhances Proteostasis of epilepsy-associated α1(A322D)β2γ2 GABA(A) receptors.

GABA(A) receptors are the primary inhibitory ion channels in the mammalian central nervous system. The A322D mutation in the α1 subunit of GABA(A) receptors is known to result in its degradation and reduce its cell surface expression, leading to loss of GABAA receptor function in autosomal dominant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Here, we show that SAHA, a FDA-approved drug, increases the transcription of the α1(A322D) subunit, enhances its folding and trafficking posttranslationally, increases its cell surface level, and restores the GABA-induced maximal current in HEK293 cells expressing α1(A322D)β2γ2 receptors to 10% of that for wild-type receptors.

Enhancing human-like collagen accumulation by deleting the major glucose transporter ptsG in recombinant Escherichia coli BL21.

Collagen has been proven to be a valuable biomedical material for many medical applications. Human-like collagen (HLC) is a novel important biomedical material with diverse medical applications. In this work, recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 3.

Identification of GABA(C) receptor protein homeostasis network components from three tandem mass spectrometry proteomics approaches.

γ-Amino butyric acid type C (GABA(C)) receptors inhibit neuronal firing primarily in retina. Maintenance of GABA(C) receptor protein homeostasis in cells is essential for its function. However, a systematic study of GABA(C) receptor protein homeostasis (proteostasis) network components is absent.

Automatic generation of co-embeddings from relational data with adaptive shaping.

In this paper, we study the co-embedding problem of how to map different types of patterns into one common low-dimensional space, given only the associations (relation values) between samples. We conduct a generic analysis to discover the commonalities between existing co-embedding algorithms and indirectly related approaches and investigate possible factors controlling the shapes and distributions of the co-embeddings. The primary contribution of this work is a novel method for computing co-embeddings, termed the automatic co-embedding with adaptive shaping (ACAS) algorithm, based on an efficient transformation of the co-embedding problem.

Efficient soluble expression of secreted matrix metalloproteinase 26 in Brevibacillus choshinensis.

Matrix metalloproteinase 26 (MMP-26) is a novel member of the matrix metalloproteinase family with minimal domain constitution and unknown physiological function. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of the enzyme also remains to be deciphered. Previous studies show that MMP-26 may be expressed in Escherichia coli (E.

Optimisation of aqueous two-phase extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potatoes by response surface methodology.

Aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) method was investigated for extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potatoes using response surface methodology (RSM). Results showed that the optimal conditions for anthocyanin extraction were that, 45:1 (mL/g) liquid-solid ratio, 25% (W/W) ethanol, 22% (W/W) concentration of ammonium sulphate and pH3.3; the anthocyanin yield and partition coefficient under the optimal conditions were 90.

Anticancer effects of sweet potato protein on human colorectal cancer cells.

Aim: To investigate the effects of proteins purified from sweet potato storage roots on human colorectal cancer cell lines.

Methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining and Boyden transwell chamber methods were used to determine whether purified sweet potato protein (SPP) from fresh sweet potato roots affected proliferation, migration and invasion, respectively, of human colorectal cancer SW480 cells in vitro. The inhibitory effects of SPP on growth of human colorectal cancer HCT-8 cells intraperitoneally xenografted in nude mice and spontaneous lung metastasis of murine Lewis lung carcinoma 3LL cells subcutaneously transplanted in C57 BL/6 mice were also investigated in vivo.

The neural signature of spatial frequency-based information integration in scene perception.

Spatial frequency-based information plays an important role in visual perception. By combining behavioral and electroencephalogram (EEG) measurements, we investigated the mechanisms of the interaction and information integration between different spatial frequency bands. The observers performed a scene categorization task on hybrid images that were generated by combining the low spatial frequency (LSF) component of one image with the high spatial frequency (HSF) component of another image.

Precise spectrum reconstruction of the Fourier transforms imaging spectrometer based on polarization beam splitters.

A method was proposed to precisely reconstruct the spectrum from the interferogram taken by the Fourier transform imaging spectrometer (FTIS) based on the polarization beam splitters. Taken the FTISs based on the Savart polariscope and Wollaston prism as examples, the distorted spectrums were corrected via the proposed method effectively. The feasibility of the method was verified via simulation.

Aurora B kinase is required for cytokinesis through effecting spindle structure.

The spindle, composed of microtubules and associated proteins, serves as major machinery for cell division. Aurora B is a chromosome passenger protein that has important functions in mitosis. Its dynamic distribution at mitosis goes along with spindle structure and dynamics.

Ionic liquid assisted synthesis of Au-Pd bimetallic particles with enhanced electrocatalytic activity.

Morphology- and composition-controlled synthesis of Au-Pd bimetallic particles was realized by a facile ionic liquid assisted route at room temperature. The morphologies of the synthesized particles, such as nanoflake-constructed spheres with a core-shell structure, nanoparticle-constructed spheres, and nanoparticle-constructed dendrites, could be well controlled by the present route. The ionic liquid was found to play a key role in the formation of these interesting particles.

FKBP10 depletion enhances glucocerebrosidase proteostasis in Gaucher disease fibroblasts.

Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are often caused by mutations compromising lysosomal enzyme folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to degradation and loss of function. Mass spectrometry analysis of Gaucher fibroblasts treated with mechanistically distinct molecules that increase LSD enzyme folding, trafficking, and function resulted in the identification of nine commonly downregulated and two jointly upregulated proteins, which we hypothesized would be critical proteostasis network components for ameliorating loss-of-function diseases. LIMP-2 and FK506 binding protein 10 (FKBP10) were validated as such herein.

Proximity-based frameworks for generating embeddings from multi-output data.

This paper is about supervised and semi-supervised dimensionality reduction (DR) by generating spectral embeddings from multi-output data based on the pairwise proximity information. Two flexible and generic frameworks are proposed to achieve supervised DR (SDR) for multilabel classification. One is able to extend any existing single-label SDR to multilabel via sample duplication, referred to as MESD.

[Value of CA(125) in the prediction of optimal interval debulking surgery and its prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer].

Objective: To investigate the changes of CA(125) between primary cytoreductive surgery and interval debulking surgery for prediction the rate of optimal interval cytoreductive surgery and prediction the recurrence and the prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: A total of 39 cases with suboptimal primary cytoreductive surgery admitted from Jan. 1996 to Jan.