Evaluating the effectiveness and safety of a novel phage cocktail as a biocontrol of in biofilm, food products, and broiler chicken.

is a foodborne pathogen of animal and public health significance. Considering the disadvantages of antibiotics or chemical preservatives traditionally used to eliminate this pathogen, attention has shifted, in recent years, toward biocontrol agents such as bacteriophages, used either separately or in combination to prevent food contamination. However, extensive use of phage-based biocontrol agents in the food industry requires further studies to ensure their safety and efficacy.

Characterization and genome analysis of a broad host range lytic phage vB_SenS_TUMS_E19 against and its efficiency evaluation in the liquid egg.

serovars are zoonotic bacterial that cause foodborne enteritis. Due to bacteria's antibiotic resistance, using bacteriophages for biocontrol and treatment is a new therapeutic approach. In this study, we isolated, characterized, and analyzed the genome of vB_SenS_TUMS_E19 (E19), a broad host range bacteriophage, and evaluated the influence of E19 on liquid eggs infected with serovar Enteritidis.

Development of non-destructive methods for the assessment of authenticity of sports whey protein supplements.

In the category of sports supplements, whey protein powder is one of the popular supplements for muscle building applications. Therefore, verification of the sport supplements as authentic products has become a universal concern. This work aimed to propose vibrational spectroscopy including near infrared (NIR) and infrared (IR) as rapid and non-destructive testing tools for the detection and quantification of maltodextrin, milk powder and milk whey powder in whey protein supplements.

Design of experiments approach for the development of a validated method to determine the exenatide content in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres.

Due to the lack of pharmacopeia guidelines for injectable microspheres based on poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), an internal method validation is a critical prerequisite for quality assurance. One of the essential issues of developing peptide-based drugs loaded PLGA microspheres is the precise determination of the amount of peptide drug entrapped in the microspheres. The aim of this study is the development and optimization of a method for measuring the drug content loading of PLGA microspheres using exenatide as a model peptide drug.

Isolation, characterization, and genome analysis of a broad host range Salmonella phage vB_SenS_TUMS_E4: a candidate bacteriophage for biocontrol.

Salmonella enteritidis is one of the most important foodborne pathogens that cause numerous outbreaks worldwide. Some strains of Salmonella have become progressively resistant to antibiotics, so they could represent a critical threat to public health and have led to the use of alternative therapeutic approaches like phage therapy. In this study, a lytic phage, vB_SenS_TUMS_E4 (E4), was isolated from poultry effluent and characterized to evaluate its potential and efficacy for bio-controlling S.

Isolation, characterization, and genomic analysis of vB_PaeP_TUMS_P121, a new lytic bacteriophage infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that can cause life-threatening nosocomial infections. The alarming increase in antibiotic resistance has led to an urgent need for alternative therapeutic approaches, such as phage therapy, which has shown promising results in many studies. In this study, P121, a new lytic Pseudomonas phage, was isolated and characterized.

Isolation, characterization, and genomic analysis of vB_PaeS_TUMS_P81, a lytic bacteriophage against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that can lead to nosocomial infections which are in turn life threatening. The increase in antibiotic resistance, at an alarming rate, has resulted in a pressing need for alternative therapeutic approaches such as phage therapy, which hold promise according to several studies. This study featured the isolation and characterization of vB_PaeS_TUMS_P81, a new lytic Pseudomonas phage.

Bisphenol-A in biological samples of breast cancer mastectomy and mammoplasty patients and correlation with levels measured in urine and tissue.

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are organic compounds that have estrogenic activity and can interfere with the endocrine system. Bisphenol-A (BPA) is one of these compounds which possess a potential risk for breast cancer. The aim of this research was to evaluate BPA concentration in both the urine and breast adipose tissue samples of breast cancer mastectomy and mammoplasty patients and study correlations of BPA levels in breast adipose tissue with urine samples in the both groups.

Potential of chitosan/alginate nanoparticles as a non-viral vector for gene delivery: Formulation and optimization using D-optimal design.

Chitosan/alginate (Chi/Alg) nanoparticles as a non-viral vector for the Smad4 encoding plasmid were optimized utilizing D-optimal design based on the nanoparticles/plasmid ratio, Chi/Alg MW, and preparation method type. Following the optimization and validation of the best formula, morphology studies and FTIR measurements were performed to evaluate the optimized Chi/Alg/S NPs. Toxicity (MTT assay) and transfection studies were performed for the best formula in comparison with Lipofectamine 2000, and Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and evaluated using Green Fluorescence Protein (GFP) assay, Flow cytometry, and RT-PCR.

Development of an enzyme-enhancer system to improve laccase biological activities.

The present investigation reports an in-vitro study using combination of laccase and an enhancer capable of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, preventing biofilm formation, and whitening teeth. Laccase-cinnamic acid system remarkably inhibited the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Candida albicans, S. aureus, and Streptococcus mutans whilst showed no significant effects on Gram-negative bacteria.

Optimization of chitosan-based polyelectrolyte nanoparticles for gene delivery, using design of experiment: in vitro and in vivo study.

Gene therapy is a novel approach for cancer treatment and investigation for suitable gene delivery systems is remarkable. Here, preparation of a polyelectrolyte complex containing polysaccharides: trimethyl chitosan (TMC) as the positive and hyaluronate (HA), dextran sulfate and alginate as the negative part was studied. The optimized nanoparticles (TMC: between 0.

Response Surface Methodology for Statistical Optimization of Chitosan/Alginate Nanoparticles as a Vehicle for Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Delivery.

Purpose: In this study, chitosan/alginate nanoparticles are prospected as a carrier for controlled release of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2).

Materials And Methods: The rhBMP-2-loaded chitosan/alginate nanoparticles (Cs/Alg/B NPs) were prepared using the ionic gelation (IG) method. The current research was conducted to optimize the effective factors for entrapping rhBMP-2 in Cs/Alg NPs using response surface methodology (RSM) and the Box-Behnken design (BBD).

Second-order universal calibration.

Quantification and qualification of an analyte of interest in pharmaceutical tablets from different manufacturers/companies are a hard task because of the potential presence of various interfering molecules. Indeed, the composition of the tablets covers a wide range of interferents which can be even unknown. As a consequence, we propose to determine the concentration of an analyte of interest regardless of the interferents using the concept of universal calibration.

Design of Experiment, Preparation, and in vitro Biological Assessment of Human Amniotic Membrane Extract Loaded Nanoparticles.

Background: Human amniotic membrane grafting could be potentially useful in ocular surface complications due to tissue similarity and the presence of factors that reduce inflammation, vascularization, and scarring. However, considerations like donor-derived infectious risk and the requirement of an invasive surgery limit the clinical application of such treatments. Moreover, the quick depletion of bioactive factors after grafting reduces the efficacy of treatments.

Simultaneous Determination of Nine Sunscreen Agents by HPLC and Chemometric Analysis.

A worldwide outbreak of skin cancer, related to ultraviolet (UV) radiations, was reported. Therefore, primary prevention programs were initiated. Application of sunscreens is one of the most efficient ways of protection; however, their efficiency and safety have remained a challenging issue.

Determination of Biological Activity of Recombinant Reteplase Using Clot Lysis Time and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) Lysis Methods: A Comparative Study.

Recombinant plasminogen activator (reteplase) is a third generation thrombolytic agent which has been used on coronary artery thrombosis and acute myocardial infarction. Clot lysis assay is usually considered as a unique method to evaluate biological activity of reteplase. In this study biological activity of reteplase was determined by APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) lysis method.

Enhanced Production and Characterization of a Highly Stable Extracellular Protease from an Extreme Halophilic Isolate .

Owing to their superior catalytic activity in the extreme conditions, extremozymes have found the potential biotechnological applications for industrial purposes. A robust extracellular protease activity was detected in the culture broth of , an extreme halophilic bacterium, after a 48 h-incubation. The effect of different media ingredients in a liquid state fermentation was followed with the aim of improving the enzyme production yield.

Applications and opportunities of experimental design for the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method - A review.

Nowadays, the trend to simplify and miniaturize sample preparation methods has resulted in the development of effective and low-cost microextraction techniques that utilize a very small volume of the extracting phase. Among them, the liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) method is a simple and effective sample pre-treatment technique applicable to numerous analytical methods. A related miniaturized and environmentally friendly extraction technique, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), has been developed within the last decade and shows a very high enrichment factor and very low solvent consumption compared to other liquid- or even solid-phase extraction methods.

Optimization of rPDT fusion protein expression by Escherichia coli in pilot scale fermentation: a statistical experimental design approach.

High yield recombinant protein production is highly desirable for biotechnological purposes. In the design of recombinant expression conditions, a number of essential central elements such as expression strain, type of medium, bioprocess optimization, and mathematical modeling should be considered. Well-designed industrial scale production of one recombinant protein with optimized influential parameters and yield can address the cost and production reproducibility issues.

Characterization and Classification of Iranian Honey Based on Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activities, with Chemometrics Approach.

In the present study, the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of different Iranian honey samples are investigated using various multivariate techniques in order to develop a quality control model. Forty-eight Iranian honey samples were tested for 15 physicochemical and antioxidant parameters. The parameters for which the samples were tested included color intensity, moisture, electrical conductivity, pH, free acidity, diastase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural content, proline level, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and radical scavenging activity.

Ocular implant containing bevacizumab-loaded chitosan nanoparticles intended for choroidal neovascularization treatment.

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is among the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Bevacizumab has demonstrated promising effects on CNV treatment; however, frequent intravitreal injection is its major drawback. Current study aimed to address this issue by developing a sustained release formulation through nanoparticles of bevacizumab imbedded in an ocular implant.

Screening for Type II L-Asparaginases: Lessons from the Genus .

Among the two types of bacterial L-asparaginases, only type II enzymes have been used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia owing to their higher affinity for L-asparagine. However, current screening media used for the isolation of L-asparaginase-producing microorganisms do not discriminate between the two types of L-asparaginase. During an optimization study conducted to increase L-asparaginase production by environmental isolates, it was noticed that the pattern of L-asparaginase production in response to variations in glucose concentration varied between different isolates suggesting that they differ in their ability to produce type II L-asparaginases, an observation that was confirmed by further experiments.

Delignification and detoxification of peanut shell bio-waste using an extremely halophilic laccase from an Aquisalibacillus elongatus isolate.

Lignocellulose bioconversion is a harsh process requiring the use of surfactants and organic solvents. Consequently, the incorporation of laccases in this bioconversion requires the bioprospecting of enzymes that can remain stable under extreme conditions. An extracellular, highly stable laccase was produced by the halophilic isolate Aquisalibacillus elongatus in submerged liquid culture fermentation.

Improved production and characterization of a highly stable laccase from the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens for the efficient delignification of almond shell bio-waste.

Extremozymes have gained importance for their ability to efficiently develop the processes in rigorous industrial conditions with incidence in the recycling of especially robust natural wastes. The production of an extracellular laccase from the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens aided for the bio-delignification of almond shell was optimized using response surface methodology followed by one-factor-at-a-time, resulting in an 80-fold increase in the enzyme yield. Out of 10 different medium components, CuSO, ZnSO, glucose, and urea were shown to have the greatest effects on the laccase production.