Publications by authors named "Mpyet Caleb"
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on improving the identification and management of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) cases in Kano State, Nigeria, by comparing different case-finding approaches.
- Four different methods were tested across three local areas, showing significant variation in outreach attendance and case discovery rates.
- House-to-house case finding proved to be the most efficient in terms of yield and cost-effectiveness, identifying a higher proportion of TT cases than methods like using town criers.
Article Synopsis
- Trachoma is a major public health target for elimination in Nigeria by 2030, with systematic efforts starting in 2002 and partnerships like the Global Trachoma Mapping Project aiding in data collection.
- Over the years, significant actions have been taken, including providing over 34 million antibiotic treatments and addressing trichiasis management in 231 local government areas, resulting in 89 LGAs eliminating active trachoma.
- Continued progress in improving water and sanitation, along with strong national program leadership and sustained funding, is essential for achieving the elimination of trachoma as a public health issue in Nigeria by the set deadline.
Purpose: To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment among adults in Kogi, Nigeria.
Methods: A Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB) protocol was used with additional tools measuring disability and household wealth to measure the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment (VI) and associations with sex, disability, wealth, cataract surgical coverage and its effectiveness.
Results: Age- and sex-adjusted all-cause prevalence of bilateral blindness was 3.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers tested if taking pictures of eyes could help diagnose a disease called trachoma in kids, especially as the number of cases gets lower.
- They took photos of children's eyelids using two types of cameras and asked different people to look at the images to see how accurate they were.
- While people found taking pictures easy and liked using smartphones, they realized the photo quality must be really good to correctly identify the disease before using it in larger surveys.
Purpose: Population-based prevalence surveys are essential for decision-making on interventions to achieve trachoma elimination as a public health problem. This paper outlines the methodologies of Tropical Data, which supports work to undertake those surveys.
Methods: Tropical Data is a consortium of partners that supports health ministries worldwide to conduct globally standardised prevalence surveys that conform to World Health Organization recommendations.
Article Synopsis
- Trachomatous trichiasis (TT) is a painful eye problem that can cause blindness, and women are affected more than men.
- Researchers studied data from 20 African countries to see how men and women are treated for TT and if there are differences.
- The results showed that women are more likely to have complications after surgery and are more likely to refuse surgery, suggesting there are some gender differences in how TT is managed.
Background: We explored reasons for continuing higher-than-anticipated prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) unknown to the health system in population-based prevalence surveys in evaluation units where full geographical coverage of TT case finding was reported.
Methods: A mixed-methods study in Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria and Tanzania was conducted. We compared data from clinical examination, campaign documentation and interviews with original trachoma impact survey (TIS) results.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate different face shield configurations to ensure they neither hinder grading accuracy nor surgical performance during trachoma surveys and trichiasis surgeries amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Three phases were conducted, including configuration assessment, comfort and clarity trials, and evaluation during routine surgical procedures, with both face shield designs being tested by 124 trachoma graders and 28 surgeons.
- Results showed that a face shield design with a cut-out for magnifying loupes maintained high grading accuracy and comfort levels among users without negatively affecting trichiasis surgical skills.
Article Synopsis
- - Baseline mapping revealed trachoma as a significant public health issue in Kiribati, prompting the government to implement two rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) of antibiotics.
- - An impact survey conducted in 2019 on Kiritimati Island and Tarawa found that while there was a 40% decrease in trachomatous inflammation (TF) in children aged 1-9 years, prevalence still surpassed the threshold required to stop MDA.
- - Despite some reductions in infection indicators, trachomatous trichiasis rates remained constant and above elimination targets, indicating that trachoma continues to be a public health challenge in Kiribati even after intervention efforts.
Article Synopsis
- Trichiasis occurs when eyelashes grow inward and touch the eyeball, potentially leading to permanent vision loss, caused mainly by repeated infections from Chlamydia trachomatis.
- A study in The Gambia assessed the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) through surveys in five evaluation units, using a two-stage cluster sampling method involving nearly 12,000 individuals aged 15 and older.
- The results showed a very low prevalence of TT, with some regions reporting 0.0%, leading to The Gambia being validated in 2021 for achieving the elimination of trachoma as a public health issue, demonstrating the effectiveness of dedicated resources and political commitment in addressing the problem.
Article Synopsis
- Trachoma is a serious eye disease that can cause blindness, and improving water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) is important to help prevent it.
- The study looked at how increasing access to clean water for washing faces and using toilets can reduce the number of children with trachoma.
- Findings suggest that having at least 65% of people using clean water for washing and 85% using proper toilets can help lower trachoma cases significantly.
Purpose: We set out to determine the baseline prevalence of trachoma in 13 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Borno State, Nigeria.
Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in each of 13 LGAs from 2017 to 2019, with the support of Tropical Data (TD). World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended protocols were used.
Background: Ophthalmic injuries in patients with maxillofacial trauma are potential causes of a permanent visual loss. These injuries can easily be missed; hence, there is a need for the ophthalmic evaluation of patients with maxillofacial trauma. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, patterns, etiology, and risk factors of ophthalmic injuries in patients presenting with maxillofacial trauma in a teaching hospital in North Central Nigeria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This survey was undertaken in a rural local government area (LGA) where eye care services recently commenced, with no known previous data on blindness or visual impairment.
Aim And Objectives: The aim was to generate evidence for further planning and monitoring of the on-going eye care program. The objectives included determination of the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment, causes of blindness and visual impairment, and assessment of cataract services and barriers to cataract surgery uptake.
Background: Volunteer community health workers are increasingly being engaged in Nigeria, through the World Health Organization's task sharing strategy. This strategy aims to address gaps in human resources for health, including inequitable distribution of health workers. Recent conflicts in rural and fragile border communities in northcentral Nigeria create challenges for volunteer community health workers to meet their community's increasing health needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: In 2019-2020, one round of antibiotic mass drug administration (MDA) was implemented for trachoma elimination purposes in Donga, Gashaka, and Ussa local government areas (LGAs) of Taraba State, Nigeria, following baseline surveys in 2009 (Donga and Gashaka) and 2013-2014 (Ussa). Here, trachoma prevalence post-MDA in these three LGAs is reported.
Methods: In 2019 (Gashaka and Ussa) and 2020 (Donga), population-based, cross-sectional surveys were conducted following World Health Organization (WHO) guidance.
Purpose: To determine the prevalence of trachoma in each of the 21 local government areas (LGAs) of Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in each of the 21 LGAs of Adamawa State between 2017 and 2019. With the support of Tropical Data (TD), surveys were planned and implemented in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and sight-threatening conditions among persons with DM aged 50 years and older in Sohag governorate in Upper Egypt.
Design: Population-based, cross-sectional survey using the standardised Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness with the addition of the Diabetic Retinopathy module methodology.
Settings: Sohag governorate in Egypt where 68 clusters were selected using probability proportional to population size.
Sub-Saharan Africa is home to 12% of the global population, and 4.3 million are blind and over 15 million are visually impaired. There are only 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment, and the coverage and quality of cataract surgical services, among population aged 50 years and older in Sohag governorate in Egypt.
Design: A population-based cross-sectional survey using two-stage cluster random sampling following the rapid assessment of avoidable blindness methodology.
Setting: A community-based survey conducted by six teams of ophthalmologists, assistants and local guides.
: Previous phases of trachoma mapping in Pakistan completed baseline surveys in 38 districts. To help guide national trachoma elimination planning, we set out to estimate trachoma prevalence in 43 suspected-endemic evaluation units (EUs) of 15 further districts.: We planned a population-based trachoma prevalence survey in each EU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOphthalmic nurses: meeting the need for human resources to end trachoma.
Community Eye Health
December 2020
Article Synopsis
- - Trichiasis, where eyelashes touch the eye, can lead to blindness, making accurate prevalence data across affected regions essential for resource distribution.
- - A study collected district-level data from 44 countries, refining estimates using the most reliable sources, standardizing for age and sex, and incorporating expert assessments when data was scarce.
- - The 2016 global trichiasis estimate was 2.8 million cases, lower than earlier figures due to improved data quality, enhanced management services, and declines in active trachoma incidence.
Background: This study was undertaken to ascertain the current magnitude and causes of blindness and visual impairment in persons aged 50 years and over and to assess the impact of a 10-year eye care program in Sokoto State, Nigeria.
Methods: A rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB) survey (in persons 50 years and over) was conducted in 2016. Participants were selected in Wurno health zone using a two-stage cluster randomized sampling with probability proportional to size.